The most common cause for Addison disease (which is rare) in developed nations is an idiopathic (probably autoimmune) disease leading to atrophy, as seen here. Note that here at low power most of the adrenal is visible. The medulla is not affected. Other autoimmune conditions may also be present, including Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and diabetes mellitus. Patients may have weakness, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, skin pigmentation, and weight loss. Laboratory findings include hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia.

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