This is a different kind of arteriosclerosis. This is hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis, which most often appears in the kidney in patients with malignant hypertension. The arteriolar wall is markedly thickened and the lumen is narrowed.

Arteriosclerosis, or "hardening of the arteries" is a generic term that includes atherosclerosis, arteriolosclerosis, and medial calcific sclerosis.