A coring program,
a joint Center and GFZ project, was carried out in 1993 under the supervision
of Prof. J. Negendank and Prof. Z. Ben-Avraham. A 3.5 Khz seismic site
survey and extensive logistical effort preceded the coring program.
As it was
expected that hard salt layers would be encountered during the coring operations,
a Selcore vibration corer was rented from Selantic Subsea Technology, Norway,
in addition to a Kuhlenberg piston corer. Since deck space was limited
on the only vessel available on the lake (and was therefore insufficient)
a platform was constructed from pontoons on which the equipment could be
mounted and which was towed to the coring locations by the boat. The coring
positions were selected at locations where the sediments were undisturbed.
Ten cores, up to 4.5 meters long, were recovered in the southern part of
the lake in water depth up to 315 meters, and four at the mouth of River
Jordan. While the cores were not as long as hoped for, they are the
longest yet recovered in the Dead Sea. This study yielded much information
on the sedimentation regime in the Dead Sea and on paleoclimate variability
in the region during the past 2000 years.
A scientific
technical report by Heim et al. describes the main results of the cores.
C. Heim has completed his Ph.D. on the material from the cores. A paper
on the results of the analysis was published by Heim et al., in Naturwissenschaften.
The physical properties of the salt recovered in the cores and of salt
samples from the southern basin of the Dead Sea were investigated at Stanford
University by Tuntuncu et al. The results of this study have been used
for the interpretation of 3.5 Khz seismic profiles collected in the Dead
Sea. The comparison of the core stratigraphy and the seismic profiles has
been investigated by Ben-Avraham et al. and was submitted to JGR.
Photograph showing the lithology
of Core 7 in the Dead Sea: USS = Upper Salt Sequence
ULS = Upper Laminated Sequence
MSS = Middle Salt Sequence
LLS = Lower Laminated Sequence
Length of entire core is 3.65m.
Age at bottom of LLS is 2270 years.