We advance and implement X-ray crystallography for probing materials structures. We investigate fine structures on different length scales to obtain standard crystallographic, structural disorder and microstructural information. We study materials under electric, thermal and (in future) mechanical perturbation. We are currently focused on piezoelectrics and ferroelectrics but open for exploring any materials where the relationship between structure and properties are not yet understood.
1. Investigation of multidomain crystals using high-resolution X-ray diffraction
Domain is a finite volume of a crystal, where a physically
meaningful order parameter is uniform.
Domains and domain walls may mediate new physical properties, such as giant piezoelectricity or shape-memory effect.
We advance the methods of investigation of domains using
X-ray and neutron scattering inspecting domains from Bragg peaks splitting and track their response to external field.
2. Development of time resolved X-ray single crystal diffractometry
X-ray diffraction is the leading tool for the investigation of materials structures. Understanding the structure-properties relationship
relies on the ability of measure how the structure adapts to the external conditions. This adaptation might be e.g. distortion of the chemical bonds, macroscopic strains, variations in the microstructure / domain pattern.
For example application of electric field to a piezoelectric material induces macroscopic deformation, which can be
to the structural effect or domain wall motion. We develop data aquisition systems for synchronized collection of X-ray diffraction and application of external stimuli to a material (probing a device in action).
3. Crystallography of cleavage
Cleavage describes the tendency of a crystal to break easily along a specific lattice planes.
Acquiring the information about cleavage in a given crystal structure is essential for the investigation of key mechanical properties such as fracture toughness, plasticity and strength.
Although cleavage planes are commonly known for simple crystals (e.g. silicon), such information about arbitrary crystals is not available.
We develop an universal algorithm for
automatic inspection of crystal structures, and the prediction of likely cleavage planes in them. The algorithm is being implemented in the form of MATLAB program. The project is carried out in collaboration with Prof Dov Sherman and his brittle fracture laboratory .
30 August 2020
Our measurements of time-resolved X-ray diffraction under external electric field continue. Does this material have a chance to become the new "star" of piezoelectricity? If so, why?
We will get the answer soon.
27 July 2020
The next milestone celebration in the lab. Our first laboratory-based experiments on crystals under electric field have started.
This time, it is test measurements of the piezoelectric coefficient of single crystal of quartz. Synchronization of PILATUS detector with
the applied electric field is realized using this methodoly.
17 July 2020
The new paper is accepted to Applied Physics Letters. The paper results from the past beamtime at the ID22 beamline at the European Synchrotron. It is dirven
by one of our major collaborators Dr Christopher Fancher from ORNL and
Prof Jacob Jones from NCSU, USA
31 May 2020
We are happy to announce that our first article on the topic of "Crystallography of Cleavage in functional materials" is now published in the latest issue of
Acta Materialia.
This results from the internal collaboration with Prof Dov Sherman and his brittle fracture laboratory
10 April 2020
These times of COVID-19 outbreak are dominated by self-isolation, Zoom meetings and online teaching.
The laboratory is closed, the experiments are suspended. This time might be useful for analitycal
research, analyzing the data, unpacking the old and yet unpublished algorithms.
19 September 2019
A few colorful photos of our laboratory are now available via the link here. Special thanks to Limor Ben Moshe for such an amazing photography.
18 August 2019
On our way to Vienna to ECM32 (European Crystallographic Meeting). At this conference we are present with the talk of Dr S Gorfman and poster of U. Vakhnin. Looking forward!
Publications
Publications
H.J. Lee, J. Kim, S.H. Hwang, H. Choe, S. Gorfman, Y.-J Heo, S.Y. Lee, P.-E Janolin, I. Kornev, T.U.Schuelli, C. Richter, J.-H. Lee, U.Pietsch, C.-H. Yang, J. Y. Jo
Electrically driven transient and permanent phase transformations in highly strained epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films
APL Materials, 8,101110,(2020)
A. Brovko, A. Adelberg, L. Chernyak, S. Gorfman, A. Ruzin
Impact of polishing on crystallinity and static performance of Cd1-xZnxTe
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 984,164568,(2020)
C.M. Fancher, H. Choe, S. Gorfman, H. Simons, C.C.Chung, M. Ziolkowski, S. Prasertpalichat, D. P. Cann, J.L. Jones
Effect of Alloying BaTiO3 with BiZn0.5Ti0.5O3 on Polarization Reversal
Applied Physics Letters, 117,042907-1,(2020)
S. Gorfman, H. Choe, G. Zhang, N. Zhang, H. Yokota, A. M. Glazer, Y. Xie, V. Dyadkin, D. Chernyshov and Z.-G. Ye
New method to measure domain-wall motion contribution to piezoelectricity: the case of PbZr0.65Ti0.35O3 ferroelectric
Journal of Applied Crystallography, 53(4), 1039-1050, (2020)
Y. Hirsh, S. Gorfman, D. Sherman
Cleavage and surface energies of LiNbO3
Acta Materialia, 192, 338-349, (2020)
Funding agency:
Israel Science Foundation
Project title:
Fine structure, polarization rotation and low-symmetry phases in ferroelectric perovskites
Project duration:
October 2018 - October 2022
Funding agency: BSF: US-Israel Billateral Science Foundation
Project title: Local structure mechanisms of electromechanical coupling in oxide ferroelectrics
Project partner: Dr Igor Levin , National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, USA
Project duration: Octoer 2019 - October 2022
Wolfson Building for Mechanical Engineering, George Wise Street, Tel Aviv, ISRAEL
Here is the beam, as it gets out of the X-ray microfocus source and parabolic X-ray mirror.
The spots on the right / left contain Kα / Kβ lines. Kβ line can be eliminated by a pin-hole. Kα1 will be selected by the monohromator. More details are in the upcoming paper.
The "reality" of the reciprocal space. X-ray diffraction experiment is "reflected" from the surface of the X-ray detector. Nothing special, just a pretty image.
We have very special guest today - 
From now on we are able to use CrysAlisPro software to hunt for and index reflections in single crystal diffraction data. The reconstruction of the reciprocal space from Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystal shows that even diffuse X-ray scattering is detectable.
Sometimes, it is necessary to work until late. Especially when another important conference is coming. But at least the night views on the Tel Aviv University campus are relaxing and beautiful.
Summer conference time! 
The installation is now complete! The intense weeks with amazing Youli Li from 
The real crystallography begins when the X-ray detector is allowed to be at high scattering angle to the X-ray beam. Our custom-built instrument is surely able to do that.
26 June 2019 
25 June 2019 
25 June 2019 
24 June 2019 
24 June 2019 
20 June 2019 
18 May 2019 
14 May 2019 
11 April 2019 
14 March 2019 
07 March 2019 
26 January 2019 
3 December 2018 
15 October 2018 
15 September 2018 
M. Angst, S. Adiga, S. Gorfman, M. Ziolkowski, J. Strempfer, C. Grams, M. Pietsch, J. Hemberger. 
S. Gorfman, A. A. Bokov, A. Davtyan, M. Reiser, Y. Xie, Z.-G. Ye, A.V. Zozulya, M. Sprung, U. Pietsch, C. Gutt 
H. Choe, J. Bieker, N. Zhang, A.M.Glazer, P.A.Thomas, S.Gorfman 
C. Richter, M. Zschornak, D. Novikov, E. Mehner, M. Nentwich, J. Hanzig, S. Gorfman, D.C.Meyer 
G.D.L. Flor, T. Malcherek, S. Gorfman, B. Michailova
T. Iamsasri, G. Esteves, H. Choe, M. Vogt, S. Prasertpalichart, D.P. Cann, S. Gorfman, J.L. Jones
