My paper will investigate the use of organic metaphors in selected texts of Medieval and Renaissance philosophy and the ways in which their authors employ biological motives in order to sustain their political ideas. Specifically, I will to place these ideas within a wider contemporary and historical context, investigate the fortunes of classical literature on medicine and natural philosophy in the Middles Ages and the Renaissance, and help cast further light on the influence of medical and biological theories and scientific developments on the formation of Medieval and Renaissance political ideas.