Thermodynamics

0351.2202
Semester A, 2012/2013
Sunday, 12:00-14:00, Dan David 001 (lecture)
Thursday, 12:00-14:00, Ornstein 103 (lecture)
Sunday, 14:00-16:00, Ornstein 103 (tutoring)
Tuesday, 15:00-17:00, Melamed/Holcblat 007 (tutoring)

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Program

• Lecture 1 (21/10/12)
  • The context of thermodynamics: why study large systems separately?
  • Mathematical reminder: derivative, partial derivative, differential, exact differential
  • State function, thermodynamic path, thermodynamic cycle
  Simulation of irreversibility in a gas of hard disks (requires Java)
  Class Exercise #1
  Home Exercise #1   Solution #1
  
  
• Lecture 2 (25/10/12)
  • State function, thermodynamic path, thermodynamic cycle (cont.)
  • Thermodynamic variables, intensive vs. extensive quantities, environment (reservoir)
  • Systems in contact: isolated system, thermal contact, pressure contact, diffusive contact
  • Thermodynamic equilibrium
  
  
• Lecture 3 (28/10/12, 13:00-14:00)
  • Thermodynamic processes: isothermal process, isobaric process, isochoric process, adiabatic process, reversible process
  • Ideal and real gases, virial expansion
  Class Exercise #2  Solution to Class Exercise #2
  Home Exercise #2   Solution #2
   
• Lecture 4 (1/11/12)
  • Real gases: van der Waals equation of state
  • Zeroth law of thermodynamics
  • First law of thermodynamics
  • Work, heat
  
  
• Lecture 5 (4/11/12)
  • Heat capacity
  • Enthalpy
  • Heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure
  Proof of the entropy being a state function
  Class Exercise #3  Solution to Class Exercise #3
  Home Exercise #3   Solution #3
   
• Lecture 6 (8/11/12)
  • Processes in an ideal gas: isothermal expansion, isobaric heating, isochoric heating
  
  
• Lecture 7 (11/11/12)
  • Processes in an ideal gas (cont.): adiabatic expansion, irreversible free expansion
  • Thermochemistry
  Class Exercise #4  Solution to Class Exercise #4
  Home Exercise #4   Solution #4
   
• Lecture 8 (15/11/12)
  • Thermochemistry (cont.): Hess law
  • Second law of thermodynamics: Carnot principle, Kelvin-Planck law, entropy, irreversible processes
  
  
• Lecture 9 (18/11/12)
  • Second law of thermodynamics (cont.): irreversible processes, Clausius' formulation, spontaneous processes, systems at equilibrium
  Class Exercise #5  Solution to Class Exercise #5
  Home Exercise #5   Solution #5
   
• Lecture 10 (22/11/12)
  • Entropy change in an ideal gas
  • Entropy change in reversible and irreversible processes
  • The statistical interpretation of entropy
  
  
• Lecture 11 (25/11/12)
  Class canceled
  Class Exercise #6  Solution to Class Exercise #6
   
• Lecture 12 (29/11/12)
  • Entropy of mixing
  • Heat engine
  
  
• Lecture 13 (2/12/12)
  • Heat pump
  • Legendre transform
  • Thermodynamic potentials and natural variables: internal energy
  Class Exercise #7  Solution to Class Exercise #7
  Home Exercise #7   Solution #7
   
• Lecture 14 (6/12/12)
  • Helmholtz free energy
  • Gibbs free energy
  Class Exercise #8  Solution to Class Exercise #8
  Home Exercise #8  Solution #8
   
• Lecture 15 (13/12/12)
  • Homogeneous functions, Gibbs-Duhem equation
  • Gibbs-Helmholtz equation
  • Grand-canonical potential
  
  
• Lecture 16 (16/12/12)
  • Maxwell relations
  • The third law of thermodynamics
  Class Exercise #9  Solution to Class Exercise #9
  Home Exercise #9  Solution #9
   
• Lecture 17 (20/12/12)
  • Activity
  • Fugacity
  • Chemical equilibrium
  
  
• Lecture 18 (23/12/12)
  • Chemical equilibrium (cont.)
  Class Exercise #10  Solution to Class Exercise #10
  Home Exercise #10  Solution #10
  Summary of formulas for chemical equilibrium
   
• Lecture 19 (27/12/12)
  • Chemical equilibrium (cont.)
  • Gas-liquid phase transition
  
  
• Lecture 20 (30/12/12)
  • Critical point
  • Law of corresponding states
  Class Exercise #11  Solution of Class Exercise #11
   
• Lecture 21 (3/1/13)
  • Coexistence: equal-area construction, lever rule
  • Metastable phases: super-heating, super-cooling
  
  
• Lecture 22 (6/1/13)
  • Phase diagrams
  • Gibbs phase rule
  • Chemical potential and entropy in first-order phase transitions
  • Latent heat
  
  
• Lecture 23 (10/1/13)
  • Clapeyron and Clausius-Clapeyron equations
  • Gas-liquid coexistence in binary mixtures
  • Bubble line; dew line
  • Raoult's law;  Historical perspective on Raoult and his law
  
  
• Lecture 24 (13/1/13)
  • Phase diagram of binary mixtures
  • Distillation
  • Non-ideal mixtures: Henry's law
  Class Exercise #12  Solution of Class Exercise #12
  Home Exercise #11  Solution #11
   
• Lecture 25 (17/1/13)
  • Non-ideal mixtures: Activity coefficients
  • Effect of solute on boiling point
  • Effect of solute on freezing point
  • Osmotic pressure
  
  
• Lecture 26 (20/1/13)
  • Osmotic pressure (cont.)
  • Activity of electrolytes
  • Debye-Huckel theory
  Class Exercise #13  Solution of Class Exercise #13
  Home Exercise #12  Solution #12
   
• Lecture 27 (24/1/13)
  • Debye-Huckel theory (cont.)
  • Electrochemical equilibrium
     

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  Past exams

  2008/2009 A    2008/2009 B
  2009/2010 A    2009/2010 B
  2010/2011 A    2010/2011 B
  2011/2012 A    2011/2012 B