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Multiple GnRHs present in a teleost species are
encoded by separate genes: analysis of the sbGnRH and cGnRH-II genes
from the striped bass, Morone saxatilis.
Chow MM,
Kight KE, Gothilf Y, Alok D, Stubblefield J, Zohar Y.
Center
of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute,
Suite 236, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202,
USA.
GnRH is a neuropeptide which plays an essential role in the
control of reproductive fitness for all vertebrates. Increasing evidence
suggests that multiple forms of GnRH may exist in most vertebrate
brains. Southern blot analysis of the three GnRHs known to be present in
perciform fish, the seabream (sb)GnRH, the salmon(s) GnRH and the
chicken (c) GnRH-II, demonstrates that each is present as a single gene
copy in the genome of the striped bass, Morone saxatilis. In order to
investigate the physiological consequences of multiple GnRHs in a single
vertebrate species, we have isolated and characterized two of the GnRH
genes, those for sbGnRH and cGnRH-II. Computer analysis of 3.5 kb of
sequence upstream of the sbGnRH gene reveals a number of consensus DNA
binding sites which implicate steroids, such as estrogen and
glucocorticoids, and the steroidogenic transcription factor, SF-1, as
being involved in the regulation of sbGnRH gene expression. Sequence
analysis of the cGnRH-II gene reveals evidence of multiple promoters.
Expression studies using (1) solution hybridization-RNAse protection
mapping with several RNA probes directed at various regions of the
proGnRH gene, (2) primer extension assays using two specific
oligonucleotide primers, and (3) reverse transcription PCR with several
oligonucleotide primers on cGnRH-II transcripts demonstrate that the
cGnRH-II gene initiates transcription at numerous sites using a
TATA-less promoter within the brains of sexually mature striped bass.
This study is the first to characterize and compare the promoter
structures of two GnRH genes present in a single vertebrate
species.
PMID: 9845669 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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