Israel Cosmic Ray Center affiliated to Tel Aviv University, Technion, and Israel Space Agency operating the Emilio Segre Cosmic Ray Observatory and World Data Center for Cosmic Rays (transported from Sweden)  

Report No 2/1999  

APPLICATION 1

APPLICATION 2

1. THE AIMS OF THE PROJECT FOR THE SECOND YEAR (FEBRUARY 1999-JANUARY 2000)

       The aims of the Project for the second year (February 1999-January 2000) are as follows:

• Development of the Emilio Segre’ Cosmic Ray Observatory.
• Development of the ICRC Laboratory in Qazrin.
• Establishment of a direct connection between the Emilio Segre’ Cosmic Ray Observatory and the ICRC Laboratory at Qazrin, as well as between ICRC Laboratory at Qazrin and Tel Aviv University.
• Establishment of the page in Internet of the Israel Cosmic Ray Center, with information on the Emilio Segre’ Cosmic Ray Observatory and on cosmic ray observations in real time scale.
• Continue research program in Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Geophysics, participation in International Conferences and Symposia.
• Establishment of collaboration with other Cosmic Ray Observatories and data exchange in real time scale.
• Development of the analytical methods of forecasting anomalous Cosmic Radiation events, representing changes in the Interplanetary and Near-Earth environment. Such events could possibly be harmful to space-probes, to earth orbiting equipment, to air-travel, to electromagnetic communications and perhaps even to living beings on Earth. Phenomena which might indicate such developments include, for example, large solar flares, the impacting of energetic particles and Forbush-decreases connected with large geomagnetic disturbances. The network of observatories providing such early-warning services will form the “International Cosmic Ray Service”.

2. THE STAFF OF ICRC AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LABORATORY IN QAZRIN
 

• The Israel Cosmic Ray Center was established in 1998, with affiliations to Tel Aviv University, to the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) and to the Israel Space Agency (under the aegis of the Ministry of Science). The staff of the Israel Cosmic Ray Center is as follows: 1. Prof. L.I. DORMAN - principal investigator, head of the Center and Observatory; 2. Dr. L.A. PUSTIL¢NIK - researcher, 3. Dr. I.G. ZUKERMAN - researcher, and 4. Dr. A.G. ZUSMANOVICH – researcher.
• In 1999 the location of the Laboratory was changed from the shelter No. 35 (Qazrin, Str. Seeon) to a 4-rooms flat on the third floor (Qazrin, Gamla 24).
• In 1999, the Laboratory was equipped with an additional computer server. The local network was set up, with a sufficient increase of the existing capacities of the memory and hard discs.
• In the second year of our Project (until 31 January 2000) we completed the foundation of direct connection in real time of our Laboratory in Qazrin with the Emilio Segre’ Observatory and with Tel Aviv University, and with Internet Site.

3. DEVELOPMENT OF THE EMILIO SEGRE’COSMIC RAY OBSERVATORY
 

• In 1999 we continued to operate the Cosmic Ray Neutron Monitor in the Israel-Italy Emilio Segre’ Observatory (33°18.3¢N, 35°47.2¢E, 2020 m above sea level, cut-off rigidity for vertical direction Rc=10.8 GV). This Monitor works continuously and gives data for each minute in real time scale information on the counting rate of total neutron intensities and of the specific intensities for neutron multiplicities ³1, ³2, ³3, ³4, ³5, ³6, ³7 and ³8.
• The results of measurements – data taken at one minute intervals -- of cosmic ray neutron intensities at two separate sites, as well as similar one-minute data about the intensities relating to neutron multiplicities ³1, ³2, ³3, ³4, ³5, ³6, ³7 and ³8 – all of this data has been computer-stored. Similar one-minute data relating to the atmospheric electric field, wind speed, air temperature and pressure outside the Observatory, as well as temperature and humidity inside the Cosmic Ray Observatory – have also been recorded.
• Each month one-hour data of the Emilio Segre’ Observatory (short title ESOISR) is regularly sent to the World Data Center in Boulder (USA, Colorado) and to many Cosmic Ray Observatories in the world. In Appendix 1 are shown some examples of our data.
• An automated electric power supply system, based on a Diesel-generator, was established, thus ensuring the continuous operation of the Emilio Segre’ Observatory.
• A direct, "real time" connection has been set up between the Emilio Segre’ Observatory, the Qazrin Laboratory, Tel Aviv University and the Internet which will include an ICRC site updated by the hour.

4. DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD DATA CENTER FOR COSMIC RAYS
 

• In 1999 we prepared a full Catalog of the archive of the World Data Center for Cosmic Rays which was transferred from Sweden (see Appendix 2).
• This full Catalog was sent to the World Data Center in Boulder (USA, Colorado) and to other Cosmic Ray Observatories.

5. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COLLABORATION WITH OTHER COSMIC RAY OBSERVATORIES AND DATA EXCHANGE IN REAL TIME
 

• In the first year of our Project a close scientific collaboration was established with the Rome Cosmic Ray Observatory (headed by Prof. N. Iucci and Dr. G. Villoresi) and with the group of Cosmic Ray Observatories located at Mt. Haleakala, Mt. Climax, and Mt. Huancayo, lead by the University of Chicago and headed by Prof. J.A. Simpson.
• In the second year of our Project a close scientific collaboration was established with Moscow Cosmic Ray Observatory headed by Dr. V.G. Yanke and Dr. A.V. Belov, with Apatiti Cosmic Ray Observatory headed by Dr. E.V. Vashenyuk, with St. Petersburg Cosmic Ray Group lead by Prof. M.I. Tyasto (responsible for computer calculations of cosmic ray trajectories in the real geomagnetic field), with Erevan Cosmic Ray Group lead by Prof. A. Chilingarian and maintains two neutron monitors on Mt. Norambert  (2000 m) and Mt. Aragaz (3250 m) in Armenia, with Mexico Cosmic Ray Observatory (2300 m, Rc=8.2 GV) lead by Prof. J.F. Valdes-Galicia, with Lomnicky Stit Cosmic Ray Observatory in Slovakia (2634 m, Rc=3.9 GV) lead by Dr. K. Kudela, with Oulu Cosmic Ray Observatory in Finland lead by Prof. Pekka. Tanskanen and Prof. Kalevi Mursula (see Appendix 3).

6. RESEARCH ACTIVITY IN COSMIC RAY ASTROPHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS, PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND SYMPOSIA, SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

 Our research activity in the second year of our Project was concentrated mainly on following problems:
A. Development of methods of forecasting space dangerous phenomena, using cosmic ray data.
B. Investigation of gamma ray generation and cosmic ray nonlinear processes in solar and stellar winds.
C. Investigation of cosmic rays - solar activity hysteresis phenomena and nonlinear processes in the Heliosphere.
D. Investigation of solar wind and cosmic ray nonlinear processes.
E. Investigation of cosmic ray anisotropies and nonlinear processes.
F. Calculation of coupling (response) functions for neutron monitors.
G. Investigation of atmospheric electric field effect in cosmic rays.
H. Investigation of solar neutron propagation and “refraction” effect.
I. Solar magnetic fields and solar neutrino problem, physics of solar interior and spin-flavor precession.
J. Investigation of cosmic ray meteorological effects on the basis of our experimental data.
K. Investigation of the preflare manifestations in the solar radio emission before solar flares.
L. Development of the percolation model of solar flare origin and solar cosmic ray acceleration processes.

In 1999 we prepared papers for oral and poster presentation, and took part in:
1. International Workshop "Cosmic Rays and the Earth" (Bern, March 1999),
2. European Geophysical Society (EGS99) General Assembly (Hague, April 1999),
3. European Space Agency 14-th Symposium on Rocket and Balloon Programs and Related Research (Potsdam, May-June 1999),
4. International Conference on Non-Accelerator New Physics (Dubna, June-July 1999),
5. IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, July 1999),
6. Workshop "TeV to GeV Gamma Ray Astrophysics" (Snowbird, August 1999),
7. 26th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference (Salt Lake City, August 1999),
8. XXIV General Assembly of the Union of the Radio Science (URSI) in Toronto (August 1999).

· Lev Dorman gave a course of lectures "Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Geophysics" in the Physics Department of the Technion (October 1998-February 1999) and several talks at seminars in Israel and at the Physics Department of 3-rd Rome University, at IZMIRAN (Moscow), at the University of Oulu (Finland) and other Institutions.
· Lev Pustil’nik gave invited reports on the URSI Meeting at the Technion (Haifa) and a report at the Astrophysics Seminar of Tel Aviv University.
· Our research activity in the second year of our Project is reflected in 80 papers and reports, among them 25 papers are published in refereed Proceedings, 8 are published or accepted for publication in refereed journals and refereed Proceedings, 41 are reported at International Conferences and Symposia, and 6 have been submitted for publication in refereed journals. In Appendix 4 we present some preprints and reprints of our scientific publications.

7. LIST OF SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS IN REFEREED JOURNALS AND REPORTS AT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND SYMPOSIA

7A. Papers Published in Refereed Proceedings of International Conferences and Symposia
1. Lev I. Dorman, 1999. “Cosmic Ray Nonlinear Processes in the Outer Heliosphere and Expected Properties of Solar Wind and CR Modulation”. In Solar Wind Nine (Proc. of the 9-th Intern. Solar Wind Conf., Nantucket, Massachusets), Ed. S.R. Habbal, R. Esser, J.W. Holweg, P.A. Isenberg. AIP Conf. Proc. 471, 791-794.
2. Lev I. Dorman, 1999. “Expected Gamma-Ray Fluxes from Solar Wind in Periods of Great Solar Energetic Particle Events”. In Solar Wind Nine (Proc. of the 9-th Intern. Solar Wind Conf., Nantucket, Massachusets), Ed. S.R. Habbal, R. Esser, J.W. Holweg, P.A. Isenberg. AIP Conf. Proc. 471, 613-616.
3. Lev I. Dorman and Vjacheslav Kh. Shogenov, 1999. “Additional Particle Acceleration in the Heliosphere Caused by Interactions with Scatterers Moving with Different Speeds”. In Solar Wind Nine (Proc. of the 9-th Intern. Solar Wind Conf., Nantucket, Massachusets), Ed. S.R. Habbal, R. Esser, J.W. Holweg, P.A. Isenberg. AIP Conf. Proc. 471, 617-620.
4. L.I. Dorman, G. Villoresi, I.V. Dorman, N. Iucci, and M. Parisi, 1999. “Long-Term Cosmic Ray/Solar Activity Hysteresis Phenomenon and Properties of Solar Wind for the Last 200 Years”. In Solar Wind Nine (Proc. of the 9-th Intern. Solar Wind Conf., Nantucket, Massachusets), Ed. S.R. Habbal, R. Esser, J.W. Holweg, P.A. Isenberg. AIP Conf. Proc. 471, 621-624.
5. L.I. Dorman, I.V. Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi, G. Villoresi, 1999. “Hysteresis phenomenon: the dimension of modulation region in dependence of cosmic ray energy”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference , Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 194-197.
6. L.I. Dorman, I.V. Dorman, J.F. Valdes-Galicia, 1999. “Analytical description of  solar neutron propagation in the atmosphere for different initial zenith angles taking into account scattering, attenuation and energy change”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 367-370.
7. L.I. Dorman, G. Villoresi, N. Iucci, M. Parisi, N.G. Ptitsyna, 1999. “Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component in solar minimum (1996-1997), 3. Geomagnetic effects and coupling functions”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 382-385.
8. L.I. Dorman, 1999. “On the prediction of great flare energetic particle events to save electronics on spacecrafts”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 6, p. 382-385
9. L.I. Dorman, 1999. “Gamma-ray production in stellar winds by galactic and local cosmic rays and application to the Heliosphere”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 4, p. 111-114.
10. N. Iucci, G.Villoresi, L.I. Dorman, M. Parisi, 1999. “Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component near solar minimum (1996-1997), 2. Meteorological effects and correction of survey data”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 321-324.
11. L.I. Dorman, I.V. Dorman , N. Iucci, M. Parisi, G. Villoresi, 1999. “On the changes with solar cycles of cosmic ray propagation parameters and dimension of modulation region and heliosphere”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 198-201.
12. .L.I.Dorman, N.Iucci, N.G.Ptitsyna, G.Villoresi, 1999. “Cosmic ray Forbush-decrease as indicators of space dangerous phenomenon and possible use of cosmic ray data for their prediction”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 6, p. 476-479.
13. L.I. Dorman, I.V. Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi, G. Villoresi, I.G. Zukerman, 1999. “Emilio Segre’ Observatory and expected time-variations in neutron monitor total and multiplicities counting rates caused by cosmic ray particle energy change in the periods of thunderstorms”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 425-428.
14. L.I.Dorman, I.V. Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi, G. Villoresi, 1999. “Hysteresis phenomenon in long-term cosmic ray-solar activity connection and cosmic ray modulation in the last 250 years”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 190-193.
15. L.I. Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi, G. Villoresi, I.G. Zukerman, 1999. “Determination of barometric coefficients for total neutron intensity and neutron multiplicities on the base of Emilio Segre’ observatory data corrected for primary variations according to Rome neutron monitor data”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 374-377.
16. L.I. Dorman and L.A. Pustil’nik, 1999. “Statistical characteristics of FEP events and their connection with acceleration, escaping and propagation mechanisms”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 6, p.407-410.
17. G. Villoresi, L.I. Dorman, N. Iucci, M.I. Tyasto, O.A. Danilova, N.G. Ptitsyna, 1999. “Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component near solar minimum (1996-1997), 1. The latitude survey”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 378-381.
18. L.I. Dorman, N. Iucci, L. Pustilnik, G. Villoresi, I.G. Zukerman, 1999. “Determination of neutron monitor barometric effect on the base of the altitude cosmic ray intensity dependence as measured by the Israelo-Italian mobile laboratory”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 371-373.
19. L.I. Dorman, I.V. Dorman, 1999. “Formation of lead mesoatoms in neutron monitor by soft negative muons and expected atmospheric electric field effect in the cosmic ray neutron component”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 7, p. 309-312.
20. L.I. Dorman, N. Iucci, G. Villoresi, I.G. Zukerman, 1999 “Forbush effects in total neutron monitor counting rate and neutron multiplicities recorded by the 6NM-64 of the Emilio Segre’ Observatory at 2025 m and by Rome 17NM-64”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 6, p. 480-483.
21. Pustil’nik L., 1999. “First Results of the Solar Observations with Radiotelescope RT-2.5 of the Sea of Galilee Observatory of the Jordan Valley College: Preflare Bursts-Precursors”, Proc. XXIV General Assembly of the Union of the Radio Science (URSI),Toronto, p.307-312. ?
22. Pustil’nik L., 1999. “Solar Flare as Phase Transition Caused By Frustration of Current Percolation in Random Resistors Network”, Proc. XXIV General Assembly of the Union of the Radio Science (URSI),Toronto, p.231-236.
23. Pustil’nik L., 1999. “Solar Cosmic Ray Acceleration as Space Diffusion in the Regular Electric Fields of Double-Layers Clusters in Random Resistors Network of the Turbulent Current Sheet on the Threshold of Percolation ”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 6, p. 228-231.
24. Pustil’nik L., 1999. “Critical State of Current Percolation, Solar Flare Energy Release, Acceleration and Energy Spectrum”, Proc. of 26-th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conference, Salt Lake City, Vol. 6, p. 300-303.
25. Dorman Lev I., 1999. "How to Save Microelectronics Code on Satellites, Rockets and Balloons from Great Solar Energetic Particle Events", Proc.14th ESA Symposium on European Rocket and Balloon Programmes and Related Research, Potsdam, Germany, 31 May – 3 June 1999 (ESA SP-437), pp. 207-210.

7B. Reports at International Conferences and Symposia
1. L.I. Dorman, N. Iucci, G. Villoresi, L. Pustilnik, I. Zukerman, 1999. “Barometric effect of cosmic ray neutron component and different neutron multiplicities according to data of Israel-Italy Emilio Segre’ Observatory”, Paper No. OA072 on XXIV General Assembly of European Geophysical Society (Hague, 19-23 April 1999). News Letter of EGS, 70, p. 153-154.
2. L. Dorman, I. Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi, G. Villoresi, 1999. “Expected time variations of neutron monitor caunting rate caused by CR particle energy change in the periods of thunderstorms”, Paper No. OA074 on XXIV General Assembly of European Geophysical Society (Hague, 19-23 April 1999). News Letter of EGS, 70, p. 153-154.
3. L. Dorman and I. Dorman, 1999. “On the possibility of atmospheric electric effect in the cosmic ray neutron component”, Paper No. OA073 on XXIV General Assembly of European Geophysical Society (Hague, 19-23 April 1999). News Letter of EGS, 70, p. 153-154.
4. L. Dorman and H. Ahluwalia, 1999. “On the dependence of solar wind and IMF parameters from heliolatitude and solar activity”, Paper No. OA073 on XXIV General Assembly of European Geophysical Society (Hague, 19-23 April 1999). News Letter of EGS, 70, p. 153-154.
5. Dorman Lev I. and J.F. Valdes-Galicia, 1999. “The 27-day variation of cosmic rays in connection with inhomogeneous distribution of solar activity and with the position of interplanetary neutral current sheet”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/03-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
6. Dorman Lev I. and V. Shogenov, 1999. “Additional charged particle acceleration in space plasma with two types of scatters: applications to the heliosphere”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/10a-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
7. Dorman Lev I. and V. Shogenov, 1999. “Additional charged particle propagation in space plasma with two types of scatters: applications to the heliosphere”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/10b-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
8. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “Cosmic ray anisotropies in the Heliosphere”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/09-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
9. Dorman Lev I. and H. Ahluwalia, 1999. “Cosmic ray convection-diffusion anisotropy in the interplanetary space according to ground and underground observations”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/14-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
10. Dorman Lev I. and H. Ahluwalia, 1999. “Drift anisotropy and transverse gradients of cosmic rays in the interplanetary space according to ground and underground observations for about 25 years”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/13-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
11. Dorman Lev I. and J.F. Valdes-Galicia, 1999. “The event of 24 may 1990 and the problem of solar neutron propagation through the earth's atmosphere: does the "refraction" effect exist?”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/11-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
12. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “Gamma-ray production in the heliosphere by galactic and solar cosmic rays”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/08-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
13. Dorman Lev I., Irina Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi and G. Villoresi, 1999. “Hysteresis phenomenon in long-term cosmic ray-solar activity connection and cosmic ray modulation in the last 250 years”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/02-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
14. Dorman Lev I., Irina Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi and G. Villoresi, 1999. “low rigidity cosmic ray-solar activity hysteresis phenomenon, particle propagation parameters and average dimension of the heliosphere”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/07-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
15. Dorman Lev I., Irina Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi and G. Villoresi, 1999. “On the cosmic ray propagation parameters changing and heliosphere terminal shock wave moving during the solar cycle”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/05-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
16. Dorman Lev I., Irina Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi and G. Villoresi, 1999. “Cosmic ray hysteresis effects in dependence of particle rigidity and dimensions of effective modulation region”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/06-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
17. Dorman Lev I., Irina Dorman, N. Iucci, M. Parisi and G. Villoresi, 1999. “The dimension of modulation region in the heliosphere and high rigidity cosmic ray-solar activity hysteresis phenomenon”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/01-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
18. Dorman Lev I., Irina Dorman, and J.F. Valdes-Galicia, 1999. “Simulation of solar neutron scattering and attenuation in the atmosphere for different initial zenith angles”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/07-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
19. Dorman Lev I. and H. Ahluwalia, 1999. “On the dependence of solar  wind and IMF parameters from  heliolatitude and solar activity level”. Paper No. GA4.04/L/04-B5 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
20. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “Energetic particle nonlinear processes in the heliosphere: influence on cosmic ray propagation and modulation”. Paper No. GA4.09/L/03-A6 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
21. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “On the influence of energetic particle nonlinear processes in the Heliosphere on solar wind propagation”. Paper No. GA4.09/L/04-A6 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
22. Dorman Lev I., N. Iucci, and G. Villoresi, 1999. “Nonstationary problem of cosmic ray preincrease effect and forbush-decrease: auto-model solution for forecasting using”. Paper No. JSA06/L/08-A1 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
23. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “On the forecasting of great flare energetic particle events to save electronics on spacecrafts”. Paper No. JSA06/L/01-A1 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
24. Dorman Lev I., N. Iucci, and G. Villoresi, 1999. “Cosmic ray Forbush-decrease as a signature of space dangerous phenomenon and possible use of cosmic ray data for its forecasting”. Paper No. JSA06/L/07-A1 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
25. Dorman Lev I. and J.F. Valdes-Galicia, 1999. “Expected time-variations of neutron monitor counting rate caused by cosmic ray particle energy change in the periods before and during thunderstorms”. Paper No. JSM.03/L/01-A1 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
26. Dorman Lev I. and Irina V. Dorman, 1999. “On the possibility of atmospheric electric field effect in the cosmic ray neutron component ”. Paper No. JSM.03/L/02-A1 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
27. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “Research of atmosphere, ocean and other planetary reservours connection by cosmogenic nuclides, 1. General theory and method of coupling functions ”. Paper submitted on Symposium JSM18 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
28. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “Research of atmosphere, ocean and other planetary reservours connection by cosmogenic nuclides, 2. Radiocarbon method and elements global mixing and exchange on the Earth”. Paper submitted on Symposium JSM18 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
29. Dorman Lev I., N. Iucci and G. Villoresi, 1999. “Italian latitude survey to Antarctica: meteorological effects and coupling functions for neutron monitor and neutron unshielded counters”. Paper submitted on Symposium MW05 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
30. Dorman Lev I., N. Iucci, G. Villoresi, L. Pustil’nik, and I. Zukerman, 1999. “Barometric effect of cosmic ray neutron component and of different neutron multiplicities according to data of Emilio Segre’ Cosmic Ray Observatory”. Paper submitted on Symposium MW05 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
31. Dorman Lev I., M. Rodriquez and J.F. Valdes-Galicia, 1999. “Barometric effect of cosmic ray neutron component at Mexico city: comparison with other stations and dependence of barometric coefficient from altitude, cut-off rigidity and level of solar activity”. Paper submitted on Symposium MW05 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999).
32. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “Meteorological effects for neutron monitors and muon telescopes”. Paper submitted on Symposium MW05 on the IUGG99 General Assembly (Birmingham, 19-30 July, 1999)..
33. Dorman Lev, Iucci Nunzio, and Villoresi Giorgio, 1999. “Italian Expedition To Antarctic: Meteorological Effects And Coupling Functions For Neutron Monitor And Neutron Unshielded Counters”, Submitted to the International Workshop Cosmic Rays and the Earth, Bern, March 1999.
34. Dorman Lev and Ahluwalia Harjit, 1999. “Convection-Diffusion, Drift Anisotropies and Transverse Gradient of Cosmic Rays in Interplanetary Space According to Neutron Monitor and Underground Muon Telescope Observations for About 25 Years”, Submitted to the International Workshop Cosmic Rays and the Earth, Bern, March 1999.
35. L.I. Dorman, G. Villoresi, I.V. Dorman, N. Iucci, and M. Parisi, 1999. “Hysteresis Phenomenon in Long-Term Cosmic Ray-Solar Activity Connection and Cosmic Ray Modulation in the Last 250 Years”, Submitted to the International Workshop Cosmic Rays and the Earth, Bern, March 1999.
36. Dorman Lev, 1999. “Meteorological Effects for Neutron Monitors and Muon Telescopes”, Submitted to the International Workshop Cosmic Rays and the Earth, Bern, March 1999.
37. L.I. Dorman, G. Villoresi, N. Iucci, Yu. Ne¢eman, L.A. Pustil¢ni, F. Re, F. Signoretti, N.L. Zangrilli, I.G. Zukerman, A.G. Zusmanovich, 1999. “Israel-Italy Collaboration: Foundation and Operation of the 'Emilio Segre’ Cosmic Ray Observatory”, Submitted to the International Workshop Cosmic Rays and the Earth, Bern, March 1999.
38. Lev Dorman, Nunzio Iucci, and Giorgio Villoresi, 1999. “Space Dangerous Phenomena and Possible Use of Cosmic Ray Data for their Prediction”, Submitted to the International Workshop Cosmic Rays and the Earth, Bern, March 1999.
39. Dorman Lev, 1999. “How to Save Microelectronics Code on Satellites, Rockets and Balloons from Great Solar Energetic Particle Events”, Submitted to the International Workshop Cosmic Rays and the Earth, Bern, March 1999.
40. Lev Dorman, 1999. “Solar neutrino variations as manifestations of non-zero neutrino masses and magnetic moment and mixing”. Paper for oral presentation on the International Conference on Non-Accelerator New Physics (Dubna, 1999).
41. Lev Dorman, 1999. “On the asymmetry of solar neutrino fluxes”. Paper for oral presentation on the NANP99-International Conference on Non-Accelerator New Physics (Dubna, 1999).

7C. Papers Published or Accepted for Publication in Refereed Journals
1. . Dorman L.I., J.F. Valdes-Galicia and Dorman I.V., 1999. “Numerical simulation and analytical description of solar neutron transport in the Earth's magnetosphere”. J. Geophys. Research-Space Physics , Vol. 104, No.A10, p.22,417-22,426.
2. Dorman Lev I., 1999. “Cosmic ray anisotropies in space”. In Towards the Millennium in Astrophysics, ed. M.M. Shapiro and J.P. Wefel, World Sci. Publ. Co., Singapore (accepted for publication).
3. L. Dorman and V. Shogenov, 1999. “Space plasma with two types of scatters and additional particle acceleration”, Izvestia of the Russian Academy of Sci., Ser. Phys. (accepted for publication).
4. Lev  Dorman, 1999. “Interaction of flare energetic particles with solar and stellar wind plasma: expected space-time distribution of gamma-ray emissivity”, Astrophysics and Space Science (accepted for publication).
5. Lev  Dorman, 1999. “Cosmic ray nonlinear processes in space plasma: applications to the dynamic heliosphere”, Astrophysics and Space Science (accepted for publication).
6. Lev  Dorman, 1999. “Angle distribution and time variations of gamma ray fluxes generated by galactic cosmic rays in solar and stellar winds”, Astrophysics and Space Science (accepted for publication).
7. Lev Dorman and Vjacheslav Shogenov, 1999. “Charged particle acceleration in space plasma with two types of scatters”, Astrophysics and Space Science (accepted for publication).
8. Pustil’nik L., 1999. “Solar flare as phase transition caused by frustration of current percolation”, Astrophysics and Space Science, Volume 264, p. 171.
7D. Papers, Submitted for Publication in Refereed Journals
1. G. Villoresi, L.I. Dorman, N. Iucci, M.I. Tyasto, O.A. Danilova, N.G. Ptitsyna. 1999. “Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component near solar minimum (1996-1997), 1. The latitude survey”, J. Geophys. Research-Space Physics (submitted for publication 26 April 1999, registered number JGRA/1999/05033).
2. N. Iucci, G. Villoresi, L.I. Dorman, M. Parisi. 1999. “Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component near solar minimum (1996-1997), 2. Determination of meteorological effects and correction of survey data”, J. Geophys. Research-Space Physics (submitted for publication 26 April 1999, registered number JGRA/1999/05034).
3. L.I. Dorman, G. Villoresi, N. Iucci, M. Parisi, N.G. Ptitsyna. 1999. “Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component near solar minimum (1996-1997), 3. Geomagnetic effects and coupling functions”, J. Geophys. Research-Space Physics (submitted for publication 26 April 1999, registered number JGRA/1999/05035).
4. P. Stoker, J. Clem, and L.I. Dorman, 1999. “Design of neutron monitors”, Space Science Rev. (submitted for publication).
5. J. Clem and L.I. Dorman, 1999. “Response functions for neutron monitors”, Space Science Rev. (submitted for publication).
6. M. Duldig and L.I. Dorman, 1999. “Muon component variations”, Space Science Rev. (submitted for publication).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The staff of Israel Cosmic Ray Center thanks very much Prof. Yuval Ne¢eman for his constant attention and great help in the foundation and development of the Center and Emilio Segre’ Observatory; without this support our Project could not have been successful. Cordial thanks to our Italian colleagues Prof. Nunzio Iucci and Dr. Giorgio Villoresi, to the Director of Israel Space Agency Mr. Abi Hareven, to Dr. Michael Murat and the Head of the Import Department of TAU Avi Gurevich, to Shoshana Shalom, Yaira Zadok, Matilda Elron, and Ronit Nevo for their great help in solving a lot of difficult problems connected with the organization and operation of the Emilio Segre’ Cosmic Ray Observatory and the ICRC Laboratory at Qazrin.  In the early stages of our Project we received important attention and help from the former Minister of Science Dr. Benjamin Begin, from the head of Department of the Ministry of Science Ms. Frida Soffer, Prof. David Eichler (Ben Gurion University), former heads of Physics Department of the Technion Prof. Gioro Shaviv and Prof. Moshe Moshe, Prof. Arnon Dar, Prof. Lev Pitaevskii, Prof. Aria Laor, Dr. Eretz Etzion, Major of Qazrin Sami Bar-Lev, Director-General of MIGAL Jacob Arzi, former Head of the Golan Research Institute Dr. G. Degani and Dr. G. Emdin, former Director of Golan Development Company Uri Meir.
  APPENDIX 1 TO THE ANNUAL REPORT 2/1999

Fig. 1. Example of hourly NM data for total intensity for September 1999.
Fig. 2. Example of hourly NM data for total intensity for October 1999.
Fig. 3. Example of hourly NM data for total intensity for November 1999.
Fig. 4. Example of comparison of 1-min data N1 and N2 for total intensity.
Fig. 5. Example of comparison of 1-min data and moving averaging for 5 min sections N1 and N2 for total intensity.
Fig. 6 and 7. Examples of comparison of 1-hour data, corrected on barometric effect, for total and different multiplicities, for September and October 1999.
Fig. 8 and 9. Examples of comparison of 1-hour data, corrected on barometric effect, for total and different multiplicities, for September and October 1999. For multiplicities 3-5 are shown moving averages for 3 hours, for multiplicities 6, 7 and >7 are shown moving averages for 5 hours.