During this seminar we explore different issues relating to scientific activities in various geographical areas where the Islamic faith was predominant, between the eighth and the eighteenth centuries, in order to gain an understanding of their social, cultural and intellectual contexts. We shall examine questions of "transmission, assimilation and appropriation" of science, the coexistence of different traditions (e.g. Greek vs. Indian or mathematical vs. popular) and their possible conflicts, the role of patronage and courtly culture and that of religious institutions. Particular emphasis will be put on the plurality and diversity of scientific traditions within Islam by looking at different genres of texts, particular controversies (e.g. for or against astrology), regional and local schools, the role of minorities (Christian, Jews, Ismailis, Sufis), etc. We shall also address the vexing issue of decline by looking at the context of science within late Islamic dynasties (Mamluks, Ottomans, Safavids, Mughals). Finally, a critical analysis of relevant historiographical issues will be offered in the light of the various questions raised during the semester.
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