The department provides courses in nearly every branch of traditional and contemporary philosophy, including Logic, Philosophy of Language, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Ethics, Political Philosophy, Aesthetics, Philosophy of Religion, Philosophy of Science and Digital Culture , Greek Philosophy and Philosophy of the Middle Ages. Russian Philosophy is also taught. A pluralistic approach, which characterizes the department, introduces students to Indian, Chinese and Japanese Philosophy, to the Philosophy of the Clinical Sciences, Post-Modernism and Feminist Philosophy.

Philosophy traditionally being at the foundation of the Humanities and the Sciences, the department is naturally active in many interdepartmental projects at Tel-Aviv University. Faculty members teach courses in logic in the Faculties of Management, Law, and Social Sciences. The department has a major part in the cognitive study of language and its use in the university, and in interdisciplinary seminars in Cultural Studies. In keeping with this broad approach, the new department of East Asian Studies was established in the Faculty of Humanities, combining the study of Eastern philosophy, history and literature. The Philosophy Department runs an ongoing multidisciplinary seminar together with other departments in the School of philosophy.

The department organizes international conferences and workshops through the School of Philosophy and the Porter School of Cultural Studies. Recent conferences and workshops have included Rawls on Political Liberalism, Pragmatics and the Mind, Interpretation and Religion, Kant's Critique of Judgment and Bridging the Analytic-Continental Divide. In the biweekly Colloquium for faculty members and graduate students current research in philosophy is presented and discussed, often with the participation of guest lecturers. Faculty members author books and monographs and contribute to leading philosophy journals.