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2011


May Czech Blogger Sentenced
   
Czech blogger “Kubák” was given a four-month suspended sentence with one-year probation by a Prague District Court on May 10, 2011. Kubák was found guilty of disseminating racism and death threats on Roma discussion forums. This is the first time a Czech court has convicted someone of intolerance and threats on an internet discussion board.

Sources: wienerzeitung, 07-April-2011; tt.com, 05-April-2011
May Argentina’s DAIA Wins Injunction against Google
   
The Argentinean Jewish umbrella organization DAIA successfully applied for a court injunction against Google, whose web search engine referred users to antisemitic websites, including those denying the Holocaust. A Buenos Aires judge ruled that Google must remove the “suggested searches,” which guide internet users to websites that incite to violence against people or propagate racist and antisemitic libel, since they were illegal under Argentinean law. The judge also ordered Google not to place advertisements on such websites.

Sources: Prensa Judia, 18-May-2011; Hate Monitor, 18-May-2011
May Study Points to Increasing Influence of Antisemitic Positions within Germany’s Die Linke
   
Although not officially released, excerpts from the study "Antisemiten als Koalitionspartner?" (Antisemites as Coalition Partners?), by political scientists Samuel Salzborn from the University of Giessen and Sebastian Voigt from the University of Leipzig were posted online, with a link to full text, by Frankfurter Rundschau on May 18, 2011. According to the article, antisemitic positions, often manifested in radical anti-Israel activities, have become increasingly influential within the Die Linke (The Left) party. The reasons, the authors claim, lie in the party's origins in the former GDR (German Democratic Republic) where anti-Zionism was part of government doctrine. The findings of the study, which were rejected by the party leadership, triggered a debate, on May 25, in the German parliament, which called on Der Linke to clearly distance itself from all forms of antisemitism.

Sources: TAZ, 21-May-2011; Deutscher Bundestag, 25-May-2011; Jerusalem Post, 27-May-2011; Leipziger Volkszeitung, 25-May-2011; Frankfurter Rundschau, 19-May-2011
May Belgian Survey Finds Direct Link between Muslims and Antisemitic Views
   
On May 11, 2011, the Belgian Morgen published a study titled “Jong in Brussel,” by the Youth Research Platform, according to which 50% of Muslim high school students in Brussels are antisemitic. The chapter on antisemitism was written by sociologist Mark Elchardus, from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB). According to the survey, which polled 2,837 students in 32 Dutch-speaking schools, 56.8% of Muslim respondents agreed with the statement: Jews want to dominate everything (non-Muslims: 10.5%); 47.1% concurred that Jews think they're better than others (non-Muslims: 12.9%); 47.5% believed that if you do business with Jews you should be extra careful (non-Muslims: 12.9%); and 53.7% agreed that Jews incite to war and blame others (non-Muslims: 7.7%). The results were alarming and, unlike in the case of racist Belgians, unrelated to low educational level or social disadvantage, said Elchardus, who pointed to a direct link between Muslims and antisemitic attitudes.

Sources: rightsidenews.com, 17-May-2011; demorgen.be, 12-May-2011; islamineurope.blogspot.com, 15-May-2011
May Former Hamas Minister Delivers Antisemitic Harangue
   
Jews are the most despicable and contemptible people on earth, declared former Hamas minister of culture `Atallah Abu al-Subh, in a Friday sermon aired on Hamas' al-Aqsa TV on April 8, 2011. Since they killed the prophets, he argued, they would be killed by Allah. In previous TV interviews from 2008, al-Subh presented excerpts from The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, and referred to former secretary of state Condoleezza Rice as a black cobra and to George Bush as Dracula who served Zionism and drank Palestinian blood for pleasure.

Sources: Memri, 19-May-2011
May Article Explains Jobbik’s Popularity
   
An article by Peter Kreko, published on May 15, 2011 in the Budapest Times, claims that antisemitism is central to the ideology of Hungary’s right-wing extremist Jobbik party. In “Jobbik Needs Jews to Run the World,” Krekó states that Jobbik’s popularity can be understood by the people's need for an explanation for the social injustices and economic situation in the Hungary. "Social fears and emotional unrest are fertile ground for the manufacturing of conspiracy theories” and the shaping of nationalist identity, he said, “with Jews frequently becoming the targets of collective scapegoating.”

Sources: Juedische Allgemeine, 18-May-2011; Budapest Times, 15-May-2011; TAZ, 13-Apr-2010
May Scottish Council Expands Cultural Boycott of Israel
   
On May 24, 2011, several districts in southwestern Scotland announced they would expand their cultural boycott of Israel by banning Israeli books in stores. Shortly after Israel’s Cast Lead operation (late December 2008-January 2009), the West Dunbartonshire Regional Council approved a bill calling to boycott goods produced in Israel. Following the Gaza flotilla incident in May 2010, the council expanded the boycott to include a ban on the purchase of English translations of Israeli books and their distribution in public libraries throughout its jurisdiction. When Dundee joined the embargo, the mayor was advised to refrain from enforcing it legally in order to avoid future lawsuits, since the EU cannot implement boycotts that haven’t been agreed on by members of the Union. Instead, the municipality plans to distribute posters throughout the city, calling on its 150,000 residents to abstain from buying Israeli goods, and to mark Israeli products in order to make them easily identifiable. "A place that boycotts books is not far from a place that burns them," said Israel's ambassador to the UK Ron Prosor in response.

Sources: Ynet, 26-May-2011; EJPress, 25-May-2011; European Jewish Congress, 25-May-2011; Free Republic, 21-May-2011; Modernity Blog, 23-May-2011
May Report Warns against Rising Xenophobia and Racism in Europe
   
Turkish Foreign Minister Davutoglu warned against rising xenophobia and racism in Europe during the inauguration of the 121st meeting of the Committee of Ministers of the 47-nation Council of Europe in Istanbul. Davutoglu was referring to the report “Living Together: Combining Diversity and Freedom in 21st-Century Europe,” released on May 10 by the “Group of Eminent Persons.” Chaired by former German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer, the Group draws attention to “rising intolerance toward immigrants and Muslims throughout Europe.” The document, which analyzes the challenges arising from increasing intolerance and discrimination, highlights growing hostility toward religious and ethnic minorities. Among its guidelines for dealing with these problems it recommends embracing diversity and multiple identities: “If one can be an African- or Italian-American, why not a ‘hyphenated European’ — a Turkish-German, a North African-Frenchwoman or an Asian-Briton?” it asks.

Sources: humanrightseurope, 11-May-2011; Dunya Times, 11-May-2011; Hürriyet Daily News, 11-May-2011
May Arson Attack on Greek Mosque
   
After smashing the building's windows and spray-painting swastikas on its walls, on May 8, 2011 arsonists set fire to a makeshift mosque in Kallithea neighborhood, Athens, Greece. The attack caused significant damage to the premises but no injuries were reported, since the place was empty at the time.

Sources: skynet.be, 8-May-2011; europe1.fr, 8-May-2011; europenews.dk, 16-May-2011
April Antisemitic Attack in Austria
   
A 19-year-old man was reportedly attacked in early April in Innsbruck, Austria, by two men, who he claimed were of Turkish immigrant origin. The perpetrators apparently saw his Star of David chain and falsely identified him as a Jew. They hit him twice in the face and shouted antisemitic insults such as, "Hitler should have finished off all the Jews" and "Israelis are child murderers."

Sources: wienerzeitung, 07-April-2011; tt.com, 05-April-2011
April Jewish Community Demands Action against Italian Teacher for Alleged Antisemitism
   
An article published in the daily La Repubblica on April 14, 2011 describing Milan high school teacher Barbara Albertoni as a Holocaust denier and an antisemite aroused a furor in the Jewish community. The article's findings were based on the teacher's posts on her anarchist and pro-Palestinian internet blog, which makes "repeated attacks on the Jews and Israel," and includes pictures and cartoons showing the Israeli flag equated with the swastika. It quoted one post in which she called the Holocaust "the founding myth of Zionism." Italian Jewish leaders have called on the country’s education minister to take action against the teacher. Albertoni has rejected the accusations, but added that the "Zionist lobby" was behind efforts "to cut off the voices of dissent, above all on the Palestinian question."

Sources: milano.rebubblica.il, 17-Apr-2011; jta.org, 14-Apr-2011
April Antisemitic Neo-Nazi Group Meets in Colombia
   
On April 24, 2011, 122 Colombian neo-Nazis, members of a group called Tercera Fuerza, reportedly met in a Bogota hotel to commemorate Adolf Hitler's 122nd birthday. The group, led by a man called Diego, known as "El Comandante" by his followers, meets twice a week, for lectures and video discussions; they also participate in military-style training. According to "Cuchito," one of the members, the group is guided by the concept of "racialism," according to which all races must confront the Jewish race. They deny the Holocaust, referring to it as a "Holotale." The Confederation of Jewish Communities of Colombia (CCJC) published a communiqué stating that they were drafting a law that would penalize incitement to hatred.

Sources: Semana, 24-Apr-2011; Centro Israelita de Bogota, 27-Apr-2011
April Neo-Nazis March in Moscow
   
On April 23, 2011, about 300 people marched in the streets of Moscow "calling for the forceful expulsion of non-Slavic migrants from Russia." Some of the participants held red and white flags with Nazi eagles and shouted "Hail Russia! Stop feeding the Caucasus!" According to the Moscow Bureau for Human Rights, about 70,000 neo-Nazis are active in Russia.

Sources: Haaretz, 23-Apr-2011; romea.cz, 25-Apr-2011
April Greek Synagogue Target of Arson Attack
   
During the night of April 19, 2011, the synagogue on the Greek island of Corfu was set alight, damaging prayer books. The door was also damaged and two empty gas cans were found on the premises. This was the third such attack in Greece in less than two years, police said. Staged just as the Passover festival was beginning, the attack alarmed the country’s Jewish community. There are some 8,000 Jews in Greece, and about 150 on Corfu. Two days later, Greek police announced that they had arrested two suspects for the attack. Greek security forces are examining the connection between the two suspects and terror groups.

Sources: Alert Net, 21-Apr-2011; Keep Talking Greece, 19-Apr-2011; Haaretz, 20-Apr-2011
April Populist Right-Wing Party Wins Almost One-Fifth of Finnish Votes
   
On April 17, 2011 the right-wing populist True Finns party gained nearly 19 percent of the vote in the elections to the Finnish Parliament (Eduskunta), compared to 4 percent in the previous 2007 election. The party platform calls for restrictions on immigration and withdrawal from the EU agreement, as well as a prohibition on abortion and of same-sex union. The party was criticized repeatedly during the campaign for racist and islamophobic slurs, such as allegations of a “genetic affinity” of Somali immigrants to “thievery and parasitism” and calling the Prophet Muhammad a pedophile.

Sources: Katholische Nachrichten, 21-Apr-2011; BBC News Europe, 18-Apr-2011; Der Standard, 21-Apr-2011; Guardian, 17-Apr-2011
March Jewish Radio Station Cancels Interview with French FN Leader
   
Following an uproar in the Jewish community over an invitation to France’s far right Front National (FN) leader Marine Le Pen to be interviewed on the French Jewish radio station "Radio J," the latter cancelled the event. The French Jewish students union UEJF declared that the FN remained a “structurally antisemitic, racist [party]… outside the republican camp,” while the BNCVA, the national bureau for monitoring antisemitism, and CRIF, the representative council for Jewish organizations in France, protested that the interview would give Le Pen a “stamp of respectability.” The FN said that it would file a libel suit against two of the organizations that opposed the broadcast.

Sources: lemonde.fr, 9-Mar-2011; english.rfi.fr, 9-Mar-2011; thejc.com, 17-Mar-2011; ynetnews.com, 22-Mar-2011
March Pope’s Book Exonerates Jews
   
Excerpts from Pope Benedict XVI's new book Jesus of Nazareth - Part II, which exonerates the Jewish people for the death of Jesus Christ, were released on March 2, 2011. They explain why, biblically and theologically, there is no basis in the Scriptures for accusing the Jewish people for Jesus' death. The Vatican had already rejected this accusation in general terms in 1965 with the landmark Nostra Aetate document issued by the Vatican II Conference. Jewish organizations, such as the ADL and American Gathering of Holocaust Survivors and Their Descendants, praised the pope's declaration, calling it “an important and historic moment” in Catholic-Jewish relations.

Sources: national post, 11-Mar-2011; news.yahoo.com, 2-Mar-2011; guardian.co.uk, 2-Mar-2011; haaretz.co.il, 11-Mar-2011
March Jewish-Muslim Committee Pledges to Resist Far Right Parties
   
Members of the Coordinating Committee of European Muslim and Jewish Leaders met in Paris on March 7, 2011, and pledged to stand together against the rise of far right xenophobic and racist parties. These parties, they said, were a threat to ethnic and religious minorities across Europe, including Jews and Muslims. They also planned a series of public events in European capitals, on May 9 (Europe Day).

Sources: WJC, 7-Mar-2011; Jerusalem Post, 7-Mar-2011
March Europe-Wide Survey Shows High Intolerance to “Others”
   
On March 11, 2011, the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung in Berlin published a report on tolerance and discrimination in Europe (UK, France, the Netherlands, Italy, Portugal, Poland and Hungary). The study showed that animosity to groups of people perceived as "other," "different" and deviating from the norm is high in Europe. The level is not equally distributed, and was lower in the Netherlands but higher in Poland and Hungary with regard to homophobia, sexism and antisemitism. Islamophobia, racism and xenophobia were more equally spread over the continent. About half of all Europeans think there are too many immigrants in Europe and that Islam is a religion of intolerance. Seventeen percent of Dutch and more than 70 percent of Poles think the Jews exploit the Holocaust to their advantage; 17 percent of Dutch, and 88 percent of Poles think that gays should not have equal rights.

Sources: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 11-Mar-2011; Telepolis, 13-Mar-2011
March More Anti-Arab Attacks in Safed
   
The cars of two Arab students in Safed, Israel, were set alight on March 16, 2011. Heated arguments broke out between Jews and Arabs following a college event meant to promote dialogue between the two groups. In addition, slogans such as "Arabs get out" and "Death to Arabs" were spray painted on the walls of the event's sponsor, Safed Academic College.

Sources: Mako, 16-Mar-2011; Haaretz, 16-Mar-2011; Haaretz, 11-Mar-2011
March Holocaust Invented by Global Zionism, Says Tunisian
   
During an interview aired on March 2, 2011 on Iran’s al-Alam TV, Tunisian “Mujahid” Husayn Triki, former Arab League representative in Argentina, claimed that the Holocaust was invented by global Zionism, citing the controversy over the number of victims as solid proof. In addition, he alleged that Israel had prior knowledge of the 9/11 events and betrayed the US by not warning it about them.

Sources: Memri, 14-Mar-2011; CICAD, 21-Mar-2011
March Neo-Nazis March in Lithuania
   
An annual march of neo-Nazis was held in the center of Vilnius on March 11, 2011, to mark Lithuania's Independence Day. The march, which was authorized, was attended by about 1,000 people, who shouted "Lithuania for the Lithuanians" and "Lithuania is better without Russians." Although the public display of swastikas is illegal in Lithuania, flags carried by some participants and SS insignia and badges worn by many bore the swastika emblem. Following speeches at the Museum of Genocide Victims, some of the participants gave the Nazi salute. In an open letter signed by many antifascist NGOs and personalities to leading members of government, the DEMOS Institute of Critical Thought harshly condemned the march.

Sources: DefendingHistory.com, 11-Mar-2011; DEMOS, 14-Mar-2011; regnum.ru, 11-Mar-2011; jewish.ru, 15-Mar-2011.; delfi.lt, 11-Mar-2011
March Anti-Roma March in Hungary
   
On March 6, 2011, some 2,500 members of the Civil Guard Association for a Better Future marched in black military uniforms to the Roma neighborhood in the Hungarian town of Gyöngyöspata. The march was seen as an attempt to put psychological pressure on the residents to incite against the Roma. Members of the group, which is said to be directly related to the extreme right Jobbik party and the racist organization Magyar Garda, claim that they are trying to stop "Gypsy crime."

Sources: Cingeneyiz, 18-Mar-2011; Vimeo, 17-Mar-2011
Feb. Tunisian Synagogue Burned during Anti-government Riots
   
During the anti-government riots and demonstrations in Tunisia in late January-February 2011, the great synagogue in Qabas, southern Tunisia, was set alight on February 2, and the Torah scrolls burned. Jewish community leader Trabelsi Perez denounced the incident. However, the president of the Jewish community in Tunisia, Roger Bismuth, told the Jerusalem Post that the fire was probably an act of vandalism and not of antisemitism or "an attack on the Jewish community."

Sources: al-Mustaqbal, 02-Feb-2011; al-Quds al-`Arabi, 02-Feb-2011; Ilaf, 01-Feb-2011
Feb. European Parliament Holds Memorial Day for Roma Victims of the Nazis
   
For the first time the European Parliament held a ceremony, on February 2, 2011, to commemorate the genocide of hundreds of thousands of Roma (between 220,000 and 500,000) exterminated by the Nazis during World War II. Stating that "one-third of the people held at Auschwitz were Roma, but most Europeans do not know this," parliamentary speaker Jerzy Buzek said that the time had come for European states to officially recognize the Roma genocide. Green Euro MP Catherine Greze who, along with Hungarian, Romanian and German colleagues, had pushed for the remembrance day, described the tragedy common to Roma and Jews perpetrated by the Nazis in an article in Le Monde. She also deplored the current sufferings of ten million Roma across Europe and condemned ongoing racism against Roma, as well as France's aggressive policy toward its Roma population.

Sources: eubusiness.com, 2-Feb-2011; lemonde.fr, 2-Feb-2011
Feb. Israeli Police Issue Warrant for Arrest of Kiryat Arba Rabbi
   
A warrant was issued by the Israeli police on February 7, 2011, for the arrest of Dov Lior, chief rabbi of the Kiryat Arba settlement, for his support for the book Torat Hamelekh, which explores the possibilities of killing non-Jews in religious law. Lior refused to cooperate with the police. Rabbis and political figures on the Israeli right, such as former MK (Shas) rabbi Yaakov Yosef and MK (from Habayit Hayehudi) Michael Ben-Ari expressed outrage, claiming the warrant exposed hypocrisy since, they alleged, leftists who urge attacks on Israeli soldiers are not investigated.

Sources: Haaretz, 07-Feb-2011; Maariv, 07-Feb-2011; Ynet, 07-Feb-2011
Feb. British University’s Invitation to Controversial German Banker Cancelled
   
A row broke out in London over an invitation to Thilo Sarrazin, former board member of the German Central Bank and a former Social Democratic Party politician, to speak at the London School of Economics (LSE) on February 14, 2011. Sarrazin had caused a scandal when he claimed that Arab and Turkish immigrants were bad for Germany, and that all Jews shared a special gene. British anti-fascist groups protested the invitation. Sarrazin was invited to the LSE by its German Society to speak on the future of Germany during a discussion on the “Integration Debate: Decline of the West?” LSE officials defended the invitation on the grounds of freedom of speech. In the end, Sarrazin’s lecture was cancelled because LSE could not provide sufficient protection for the event.

Sources: Independent, 14-Feb-2011; Jerusalem Post, 15-Feb-2011; Euro-Islam, 14-Feb-2011; Pravda.ru; 15-Feb-2011
Feb. Hungarian to Stand Trial for Nazi War Crimes
   
On February 14, 2011, Sandor Kepiro (97) was charged in Budapest for ordering the shooting of more than 1,200 Jews, Serbs and Roma in Novi Sad (Serbia) in 1942. Efraim Zuroff, head of the Simon Wiesenthal Center Israel office, who helped collect documentation against Kepiro, said that "this will be the first trial of an accused Hungarian Nazi war criminal" since 1989. Kepiro claims he is innocent.

Sources: jta.org, 14-Feb-2011; foxnews.com, 14-Feb-2011; World Jewish Congress, 15-Feb-2011; Vos Iz Neias, 14-Feb-2011. Sofia Echo, 24-Feb-2011
Feb. Anti-racist Demonstration in Jerusalem
   
On February 26, 2011, some 1,500 demonstrators gathered in Zion Square, central Jerusalem, to protest what they described as a "wave of racism" that was permeating Israeli society. Waving placards with slogans such as "Fight racism – protect Zionism," they directed their protests at the government, and especially at foreign minister Avigdor Lieberman, leader of the extreme right-wing Israel Beiteinu party. Among the speakers was Meretz MK Nitzan Horowitz. Counter-demonstrators tried to disrupt the rally.

Sources: Ynet, 26-Feb-2011; Walla, 27-Feb-2011; Jerusalem Post, 02-March-2011
Feb. Antisemitic Assault in Switzerland
   
An assistant rabbi was beaten by three adolescents when he was leaving the Lausanne synagogue in the late evening of February 23, 2011. The assailants shouted antisemitic insults during the attack. The victim escaped from serious injury after passersby intervened. Two attackers were apprehended by the police.

Sources: Tribune de Geneve, 28-Feb-2011; Blick, 28-Feb-2011; tagesschau sf; 01-March-2011
Feb. Steep Decrease in Antisemitic Attitudes in Poland
   
A poll carried out in Poland by sociology professor Anatoly Solek shows a steep decrease in antisemitic attitudes in Poland. While in 2003, 43 percent of Poles thought Jews wielded too much power in the world, in 2011 the figure had fallen to 22 percent. The poll shows that Poles are increasingly attributing power to politicians, the finance sector and the Catholic Church. Solek sees the trend as demonstrating that Poles are becoming more comfortable with the capitalist system and a sign of increased Holocaust awareness.

Sources: Haaretz, 08-Feb-2011
Feb. Dior’s Chief Designer Suspended after Antisemitic and Racist Rants
   
Following antisemitic and racist remarks made to a couple in a bar in Paris' Marais district, charges were pressed, on February 24, 2011, against Christian Dior's chief designer John Galliano for "public insults based on… origin, religious affiliation, race or ethnicity." Four days later, the British tabloid The Sun, posted a video from October 2010 showing Galliano, announcing to his fellow diners at the same bar: "I love Hitler… People like you would be dead today. Your mothers, your forefathers would be f**ing gassed and dead.” His attorney Stephane Zerbib has denied the accusations. Dior president Sidney Toledano announced Galliano's suspension stating: "The House of Dior declares with the greatest firmness its policy of zero-tolerance regarding any antisemitic or racist statement or attitude." Following his arrest, Galliano apologized “unreservedly” for his behavior.

Sources: haaretz.com, 26-Feb-2011 and 1-Mar-2011; thesun.co.uk, 28-Feb-2011; dailymail.co.uk, 1-Mar-2011; guardian.uk.com, 2-Mar-2011
Jan. France Decides Not to Mark Anniversary of Ferdinand Celine
   
On January 21, 2011, French culture minister Frederic Mitterrand announced his decision not to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the death of Louis-Ferdinand Celine, one of France’s most famous 20th century writers and a well-known antisemite. Welcoming Mitterrand’s announcement, Richard Prasquier, president of the French Jewish umbrella group CRIF, called it courageous, while FFDJF (Sons and Daughters of the Deported Jews of France) president Serge Klarsfeld said, "Celine’s talent must not allow us to forget the man who called for the killing of Jews during the occupation." In his writings Celine stated: "We will finish off the Jews or we will die because of the Jews," claiming that "the Jews and only the Jews are pushing us to arms." However, a number of French academics called on him not to mix "Celine the literary genius" with "Celine the antisemitic bastard."

Sources: haaretz.com, 21-Jan-2011; lemonde.fr, 21-Jan-2011
Jan. Turkish Film about Gaza Flotilla Classified for Showing in Germany
   
Reversing an earlier decision, Germany's film rating agency FSK (Freiwillige Selbstkontrolle der Filmwirtschaft) gave the Turkish movie Valley of the Wolves: Palestine an “age 18” rating on January 27, 2011. Earlier the FSK had decided not to classify the film at all due to its allegedly antisemitic and anti-Israel content. In Germany, SPIO, the head organization of the movie industry, is committed to releasing only productions passed by the FSK. The movie, which deals with the flotilla incident of May 30, 2010, and a fictional revenge operation by a Turkish commando team, was criticized by leading German parties the CDU, SPD, FDP and the Green Party, for what they considered antisemitic, anti-Israel and anti-American overtones. The original intended release date of the movie, January 27, 2011, International Holocaust Remembrance Day, also caused controversy.

Sources: Hurriyet, 27-Jan-2011; Die Welt, 29-Jan-2011; Der Spiegel, 25-Jan-2011; Maerkische Allgemeine, 29-Jan-2011
Jan. Assessment Shows Rise of Hamas' Genocidal Intent against Jews
   
An assessment of Hamas leaders’ attitudes toward Israel and the peace process in the Middle East was published by the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs on January 3, 2011. The report, by senior researcher Jonathan D. Halevi, finds no evidence of a new pragmatism by the Hamas leadership but rather indications of an increase of expressions of genocidal intent against Jews. To support his claim, Halevi cites several genocidal themes in statements of senior Hamas leaders.

Sources: Jerusalem Issue Brief, 03-Jan-2011
Jan. “Genocide Day” in the UK Marks Israel’s War in Gaza
   
The UK Holocaust Educational Trust (HET) criticized the decision of the Islamic Human Rights Commission (IHRC) to hold a "Genocide Day" on January 16, 2011, marking the anniversary of what they called Israel’s "genocidal acts in Gaza" during Operation Cast Lead. IHRC promotional material for the event compared Operation Cast Lead with the Holocaust. The organization invited Neturei Karta member Ahron Cohen to speak at the event. Cohen has previously questioned the number of victims of the Holocaust and also attended Iranian President Ahmadinejad’s Holocaust denial conference in Tehran in 2006. Karen Pollock, chief executive of HET, said the event was "nothing more than an attempt to pervert the message of Holocaust Memorial Day and to gravely insult both victims and survivors of the Holocaust."

Sources: Islamic Human Rights Commission, 30-Dec-2010; Jewish Chronicle, 13-Jan-2011; Independent, 29-April-2009; http://www.youtube.com/user/IHRCtv#p/a/u/0/wCVwbynlmTE
Jan. Five Jewish Institutions Attacked in Montreal
   
Five Jewish institutions - four synagogues and a school - in Montreal, Canada, were vandalized during the night of January 16-17, 2011. The perpetrators smashed windows and daubed the buildings with Nazi symbols. Rabbi Reuven Poupko, chairman of the Jewish Community Security Coordination Committee, called the crimes "an organized and systematic attack on Jewish institutional life."

Sources: Montreal Gazette, 17-Jan-2011; Sympatico, 17-Jan-2011; CBC, 23-Mar-2010
Jan. Neo-Nazi Blacklist of Italian Jews Condemned by Italy’s Leaders
   
On January 12, 2011, Italian leaders expressed solidarity with the Jewish community after the neo-Nazi Internet website Stormfront published a blacklist of "influential" Italian Jews. The list included journalists, businesspeople, politicians, artists and others. Conveying his "shame and anger," Rome mayor Gianni Alemanno branded those who posted the list "ignorant and racist cowards." Nicola Zingaretti, president of the Province of Rome, also strongly condemned the Stormfront list. Italian lawmaker Enrico Gasbarra called for urgent action by the European Union to implement legislation that would end the use of the internet "as a tool of violence and persecution."

Sources: jta.org, 12-Jan-2011; repubblica.it, 12-Jan-2011; fiammanirenstein.com, 17-Jan-2011; cronaca.liquida.it, 12-Jan-2011
Jan. German Jewish Community Leader Receives Death Threat
   
The Jewish community leader of the German city of Pinneberg, Wolfgang Seibert, was threatened with death on the Islamist website islamic-hacker-union.net in January 2011. Seibert had called on the local authorities to close As-Sunnah Mosque in Pinneberg which, he claimed, had become a meeting place for radical Islamists in recent years. The now closed website showed a picture of Seibert crossed out with red paint and a text reading, "Dirty Jew. Be careful so Allah doesn’t punish you in this life with death. Allah´s punishment can reach you anywhere!" The administrator of the German website was Islamic convert Harry M., also known as Isa al Khattab. Seibert filed a criminal complaint and is now protected by the police.

Sources: pinneberger-tageblatt.de, 19-Jan-2011.; bild.de, 21-Jan-2010; taz.de, 22-Jan-2011; ojihad.wordpress.com, 22-Jan-2011; Welt Online, 22-Jan-2011
Jan. France Decides Not to Mark Anniversary of Writer Ferdinand Celine
   
On January 21, 2011, French culture minister Frederic Mitterrand announced his decision not to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the death of Louis-Ferdinand Celine, one of France’s most famous 20th century writers and a well-known antisemite. Welcoming Mitterrand’s announcement, Richard Prasquier, president of the French Jewish umbrella group CRIF, called it courageous, while FFDJF (Sons and Daughters of the Deported Jews of France) president Serge Klarsfeld said, "Celine’s talent must not allow us to forget the man who called for the killing of Jews during the occupation." In his writings Celine said, "We will finish off the Jews or we will die because of the Jews," claiming that "the Jews and only the Jews are pushing us to arms." Disagreeing with Mitterrand’s decision, a number of French academics called on him not to mix "Celine the literary genius" with "Celine the antisemitic bastard."

Sources: haaretz.com, 21-Jan-2011; lemonde.fr, 21-Jan-2011
Jan. Hungary Passes Controversial Media Law
   
On January 1, 2011, Hungary passed a law setting up a “National Media and Communications Authority,” with the power to impose a 750,000 euro fine for content deemed "unbalanced" or "offensive to human dignity." The European Newspaper Publishers’ Association (ENPA) and the World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers (WAN-IFRA) expressed concern, and Human Rights Watch, OSCE and Freedom House condemned the law, stating that it endangered freedom of the press in Hungary. Critics also pointed out that the definition of violations was so wide that the politically appointed authority could impose fines on almost anything. Luxemburg’s foreign minister Jean Asselborn said the law "violates the spirit and the letter of the EU treaties," and the German government called it "a danger to democracy." Some members of the European Parliament have even demanded that Hungary be stripped of the EU presidency which the country holds during the first half of 2011. Conservative Hungarian politicians who defend the law, such as prime minister Viktor Orban and foreign minister Janos Martonyi, denied that it was an attempt to bring back censorship and claimed that the law was aimed, among others, at curbing racism, antisemitism, Holocaust denial, denial of crimes committed by the Communist regime, excessive violence, and foul language. Nonetheless, the government has said it might revise the law, possibly by making the authority nonpartisan.

Sources: European Newspaper Publishers’ Association, 13-Dec-2010; sueddeutsche.de, 26-Jan-2011; BBC, 21-Dec-2010; Jungle World, 13-Jan-2011; Telegraph, 23-Dec-2010; Spiegel, 22-Dec-2010

2010


Dec. Dutch Politician Urges Jews to Emigrate
   
Urging practicing Jews to emigrate to the United States or to Israel, senior Dutch conservative politician Frits Bolkestein (VVD), a former cabinet minister and European commissioner, stated in early December 2010 that there was no future for them in the Netherlands because of antisemitism among Moroccan immigrants: the latter's numbers were rising, he said, and the authorities’ were unable to deal with the antisemitism problem. Bolkestein made similar statements in an interview published in the book Het Verval (The decay), by Manfred Gerstenfeld, on Judaism in the Netherlands. In response, Geert Wilders, leader of the Party for Freedom (PW), urged Moroccan antisemites to emigrate instead of the Jews. The Dutch Moroccan Information Center (CIDM) rejected the remarks as "scaremongering.” Chairman of the Rabbinical Council for the Netherlands rabbi Binyomin Jacobs criticized Bolkestein’s statements as being too pessimistic. While admitting that there is a grave problem, Jacobs still believes in a Jewish future in the Netherlands.

Sources: Radio Nederland Wereldomroep, 06-Dec-2010; Haaretz, 07-Dec-2010; Yediot Aharonot, 07-Dec-2010; Haaretz, 17-Dec-2010
Dec. Right-Wing Politicans Speak Out against Islam in Sweden
   
Following the suicide attack by an Islamist extremist in Stockholm on December 11, 2010, right-wing politicians spoke out against Islam, immigration and multiculturalism in Sweden. MP Kent Ekeroth, from the Sweden Democrats (SD), for example, wrote on his homepage that the attack didn’t surprise him, since it was in the nature of Islam. Calling for a special parliamentary debate about Islamist extremism in Sweden, Ekeroth urged a stop to Muslim immigration, the closure of Muslim schools, and a ban on construction of mosques. In addition, the National Democrats organized a demonstration against terror and multiculturalism on December 19, and other extreme nationalists and neo-Nazis also expressed anti-Muslim sentiments.

Sources: EXPO, 20-Dec-2010; Nationell.Nu, 13-Dec-2010; Nationell.Nu, 19-Dec-2010; Info-14, 12-Dec-2010; Politiskt Inkorrekt, 17-Dec-2010
Dec. Italian Parliament Approves Resolution against Web Antisemitism
   
On December 14, 2010, Italy’s foreign affairs committee unanimously approved a resolution aimed at counteracting the dissemination of antisemitism through the internet. The resolution "sees the government committed to signing an Additional Protocol to the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, which regards as crimes acts of a racist and xenophobic nature committed through computerized systems,” said committee vice president Fiamma Nirenstein.

Sources: jpost.com, 19-Dec-2010; notizie.virgilio.it, 14-Dec-2010; Jerusalem Post, 19-Dec-2010; fiammanierenstein.com, 15-Dec-2010
Dec. Islamic Center in Berlin Attacked
   
On December 9, 2010, a Molotov cocktail was thrown at an Islamic culture center in Berlin. No one was hurt and the fire died out before the fire brigade arrived. The police believe the incident was the continuation of a series of ten similar attacks on Islamic institutions and mosques in Berlin.

Sources: berlin.de/polizei’ 09-Dec-2010; :rbb.online, 09-Dec-2010; tagesspiegel, 09-Dec-2010
Dec. Far Right Politicians Court Israeli Approval
   
A delegation of 35 Euro MPs representing extreme right-wing, among other parties, paid a controversial visit to settlements on the West Bank (Samaria) on December 6, 2010. The delegation toured Samaria’s Jewish communities as guests of the Samaria Liaison Office. The group included Heinz-Christian Strache, head of the Freedom Party of Austria, Filip Dewinter of Belgium’s Vlaams Belang party, MP Frank Creyelman, head of the Belgian parliament’s foreign affairs committee, and René Stadtkewitz, chairman of Germany’s Freedom Party (Die Freiheit). The delegation was welcomed by a spokesman for the Samaria local authority as supporters of Israel who renounce antisemitism and see the Islamic takeover of Europe as a danger. Criticizing the visit, Austrian journalist Karl Pfeifer hoped the far-right parliamentarians would not receive the “stamp of approval” (teudat kashrut) they were seeking.

Sources: Juedische Allgemeine, 16-Dec-2010; Israelnationalnews.com, 06-Dec-2010; israelmatzav.blogspot.com; hurryupharry.org, 7-Dec-2010l; DiePresse.com, 06-Dec-2010
Dec. Israeli Rabbis' Petition Condemned
   
In December 2010, following the letter signed on October 20, by 18 rabbis from Safed, urging Jews not to rent or sell apartments to non-Jews (see October Bulletin), and subsequently supported by rabbi Ovadia Yosef, spiritual head of the ultra-religious religious Shas party, a large group of rabbis from other cities published a similar petition. They declared that in order to prevent Arabs from strengthening their foothold in the country Jews were forbidden to rent or sell houses to Arabs throughout the country. The call met with fierce criticism from many secular circles and politicians, as well as from abroad. Critics pointed out that the petition was racist and some 750 other rabbis from all over the world signed a letter on December 14, stating that it was erroneous and contravened Jewish law. Prime Minister Netanyahu said such calls were unacceptable in a democratic country. A poll published by the daily Yediot Aharonot showed that 55 percent of the Israeli public agreed with it.

Sources: Haaretz, 24- Nov-2010; Electronic Intifada, 09-Dec-2010; Jerusalem Post, 05-Nov-2010; Haaretz, 14-Nov-2010; Ynet, 24-Oct-2010
Nov. Arab Journalist Visits Concentration Camps
   
In an attempt to answer the question why Arabs deny the Holocaust and lack sympathy with what happened to the Jews during the Nazi regime, journalist Mustafa al-Rifa‘i decided to visit concentration camps and write about them. In an article posted on the Iraqi liberal news portal al-Hiwar al-Mutamaddin on November 25, 2010, he explained that everyone should emphasize with the Jews for the horrors that befell them, regardless of their disagreements with them.

Sources: al-Hiwar al-Mutamaddin, 25-Nov-2010
Nov. Kuwaiti Columnist Continues Anti-Jewish Defamation
   
Columnist Ahmad Yusuf al-Da`ij, of the Kuwaiti daily al-Watan, who was mentioned in the 2009 Contemporary Global Antisemitism Report released by the U.S. State Department as one of several Arab writers who engage in Holocaust denial and antisemitism, published another article in a similar vein on November 5, 2010. Al-Da`ij wrote that despite the corruptive and deceitful nature of Jews, one could not ignore their innate intelligence and skills, a result of over three thousand years of persecution in every country they lived in, and which had helped them gain control over the global economy, media and press.

Sources: Al-Watan (Kuwait), 05-Nov-2010
Nov. Iran Reopens Pro-Nazi, Anti-Arab Forum
   
Iran’s Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance approved the reopening of the forum irannazi.ir in November 2010. Operated by the Iranian Center for Nazi Studies, the forum had earlier been banned by the government. Pro-Nazi, anti-Jewish and anti-Arab, Irannazi was launched in Hitler’s spirit and its supporters see themselves as successors of Nazi soldiers. Among the topics raised by the forum’s discussion groups are the necessity of affirming the authenticity of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion and of refuting "the lies of the Holocaust." According to Israeli researcher Liora Hendelman-Baavur, the racism and antisemitic content of the forum is not an isolated case. Other websites, such as nazismsite.blogfa.com, greathitler.blogfa.com and sumka.blogfa.com, which identify with Nazism, openly proclaim to be anti-Jewish, anti-Sunni and anti-Arab, and express admiration for the German leadership and promote its ideology continue to find expression in the Iranian blogosphere. The reformist bloc in Iran strongly condemned the reopening of the forum and accused Muhammad ‘Ali Ramin, deputy culture minister, of being responsible. Following extensive web coverage and attention the site was temporarily blocked.

Sources: News-Israel.com, 22-Nov-2010; Liora Hendelman-Baavur , "Recent Nazi Inclinations in the Virtual Domain of Iran," Iran Pulse, no. 40, Dec. 6, 2010
Nov. Nobel Prize Winners Condemn Attempts to Boycott Israeli Academia
   
Thirty-eight Nobel prize winners signed a declaration in November 2010 condemning international attempts to sanction or boycott Israeli academic institutions and research centers. The highly regarded figures, including 1986 peace prize winner Elie Wiesel, oppose the increasing trend of boycotts against Israel and appeal to universities to defeat and denounce such calls and campaigns: According to the declaration, "academic and cultural boycotts, divestments and sanctions in the academy are against principles of academic and scientific freedom, principles of freedom of expression and inquiry, and may well constitute discrimination by virtue of national origin. Instead of fostering peace, [they] are likely to be counterproductive to the dynamics of reconciliation that lead to peace.”

Sources: y-netnews, 28-Sept-2010; The Jerusalem Post, 27-Sept-2010
Nov. Romani Report Points to Rising Racism
   
On November 12, 2010, the Romani site cingeneyiz.org issued a report on increasing racism in Europe, and especially violent attacks on Romani people as a sign of rising antiziganism. According to the report, one reason for the latter development lies in the economic crisis and the need for what it calls "a sacrificial lamb.” It also points to the success of parties with a "racist" agenda.

Sources: cingeneyiz.org, 12-Nov-2010
Nov. Harassment in Australia Increases despite Overall Decline in Antisemitic Numbers
   
According to the "Report on Antisemitism in Australia,” compiled in November 2010 by Jeremy Jones, director of International and Community Affairs of Australian Jewry, and covering the period October 1, 2009-September 20, 2010, there was a decrease in antisemitic activities in that country during that period. A total of 394 incidents of anti-Jewish violence, vandalism, harassment and intimidation were reported, the lowest number for ten years. However, for the third year in a row reports of verbal abuse and harassment of Jewish Australians going to and from, or outside, synagogues, reached a record high of 150 incidents throughout the country.

Sources: JTA, 22-Nov-2010; aijac, 23-Nov-2010
Nov. Holocaust Memorial in Ukraine Desecrated
   
A large swastika, and slogans such as "Shame on the Yids” and "Death to the Jews," were painted on a Holocaust memorial in Kirovograd, Ukraine. A complaint was filed by the city’s rabbi, Dani Zakuta, who said that this was "an attempt to incite inter-ethnic hatred" and "we are sure that the inaction of the law enforcement agencies convinced the criminals of their safety and they will continue acts of vandalism until they are punished.”

Sources: jewish.kiev.ua, 16-Nov-2010; eajc.org, 16-Nov-2010; AEN (Jewish News Agency), 16-Nov-2010
Nov. Muslims Attacked in Greece
   
On November 16, 2010, several hundred Muslims celebrating Id al-Adha in the Greek capital Athens were attacked by dozens of far-right activists. The incident reflects mounting tensions with the local population which has witnessed large numbers of Muslim immigrants in recent years. The fact that no mosque has been permitted to be built reveals Greek attitudes toward the immigrants.

Sources: Ekathimerini, 20-Nov-2010; Kathimerini, 20-Nov-2010; Reuters, 16-Nov-2010; Haaretz, 02-Dec-2010
Nov. Inter-parliamentary Coalition Issues Declaration on Antisemitism
   
An international declaration, the Ottawa Protocol, was released on November 9, 2010, following a two-day meeting in Canada of the Inter-parliamentary Coalition for Combating Antisemitism (ICCA), which brings together parliamentarians and experts from about four dozen countries. Focusing on defining antisemitism, the declaration highlights the importance of making a distinction between legitimate criticism of Israel and what it calls the "most enduring of all hatreds." It lists several commitments, such as working with universities to promote the struggle against antisemitism, and working with the police to ensure a system is in place to record antisemitic incidents. In an op ed posted on November 15, 2010 www.aljazeerah.info claimed that, "Israeli Nazism, not antisemitism, is the real Issue" and that the ICCA is driven by "a few Zionist tycoons" who are trying to take Canada away from its humane principles and make it "embrace Israeli fascism."

Sources: canada.news.com, 09-Nov-2010; The Jerusalem Post, 10-Nov-2010; cbc.ca, 10-Nov-2010; Al-Jazeerah, 15-Nov-2010
Oct. Italian University Offers Holocaust Denial Course
   
An article published in the Italian newspaper La Republica, on October 7, 2010, reported on a course offered by the University of Teramo, entitled "The So-called Holocaust: The Lie of Auschwitz and the False Accounts of Holocaust Survivors." The course is taught by Holocaust denier Claudio Moffa, a professor of political science, who claims in his lectures that the gas chambers and crematorium at the concentration camps never existed. He also argues that six million - the number of Jewish victims murdered by the Nazis - is a kabbalistic number invented by the Jews and that, "No document signed by Hitler and calling for the extermination of the Jews was found." Education minister Maria Stella Gelmini called for dismissal of the professor. The university senate was to meet to decide what action to take.

Sources: repubblica.it, 7-Oct-2010; mako.co.il, 7-Oct-2010
Oct. Antisemitic Caricatures in Jordanian Newspaper
   
On October 9, 2010, the Jordanian daily al-Dustur published caricatures of Israeli foreign minister Avigdor Lieberman and prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu as diabolical creatures, half human and half pig. Previously, on September 22, the paper published a caricature of Lieberman as an Israeli soldier with the same diabolical pig face and a big swastika on his head.

Sources: al-Dustur, 09-Oct-2010, al-Dustur, 22-Sep-2010, al-Dustur, 19-Jul-2010
Oct. Survey Finds Rise in Extreme Right Opinions in Germany
   
"The Center in Crisis," a report on extreme right-wing opinions in Germany, compiled by the Friedrich Ebert Foundation (affiliated with the Social Democratic Party), was released on October 13, 2010, in Berlin. The findings show a rise of extreme right, antisemitic, anti-democratic and xenophobic opinions among the German population, regardless of age, gender, education, social group or income level. A total of 2,411 persons were interviewed. Thirty percent would agree to return migrants to their home countries in the event of unemployment; 10 percent would favor a fuehrer who ruled with an iron fist; and 55 percent said that Arabs were unpleasant people (2009: 44 percent).

Sources: New York Times, 13-Oct-2010; Spiegel Online, 13-Oct-2010l
Oct. Jewish and Hindu Figures Condemn Hungarian Anti-Roma Policies
   
On the eve of the Hungarian elections held on October 2, 2010, Rajan Zed, president of the Universal Society of Hinduism, and rabbi Jonathan Freirich from Nevada, US, issued a joint statement condemning anti-Roma policies and attitudes in Hungary. They referred especially to a racist election advert in Hungary portraying the Roma as criminals. Hungarian State Radio and Television declined to air the ad, claiming that it violated broadcasting policy, but a Supreme Court decision of September 30, forced them to do so. In the election, the far-right Jobbik won nearly 17 percent of the vote – thanks partly to a campaign identifying what it called "gypsy crime" as one of the country's main problems.

Sources: EU Youth Speak, 01-Oct-2010; Yahoo, 30-Sep-2010; WTOP, 30-Sep-2010; Daily Babel, 11-Oct-2010
Oct. Iranian President Reiterates Anti-Zionist and Holocaust Denial Views
   
On October 17, 2010, Iran’s Khabar satellite TV aired an address delivered by Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. He stressed that the Zionist entity would collapse ("go to hell") in the near future together with its supporters. He then reiterated that Israel should be transferred to Europe or to North America and raised doubts about the dimensions of the Holocaust.

Sources: al-Watan Kuwait, 17-Oct-2010
Oct. Jewish Girls Attacked in Cologne
   
Three Jewish girls were attacked by a group of four young boys aged 11 to 15, on the eve of October 13, in Pesch, a district of Cologne. According to a Cologne police spokesman, the girls (between 17 and 18) were kicked, spat at and abused with antisemitic comments during the bus ride. Police president Klaus Steffenhagen sharply criticized the incident.

Sources: eip-news, 14-Oct-2010; Express.de, 14-Oct-2010; Polizei Koeln, 14-Oct-2010
Oct. Antisemitic Program on Palestinian TV
   
On October 10 and 17, 2010, Fatah PA TV broadcast the history program, "Witnesses and Testimonies," featuring two Jordanian academics, 'Arafat Hijazi and Muhammad Dawhal. They explained that the behavior of the Jews had been "harmful" to Europeans and that they were persecuted in every society they lived in because of their "great love for money." The two cited Shakespeare's Shylock to prove their claims.

Sources: Palestinian Media Watch, 28-Oct-2010
Oct. Study Reveals Role of German Foreign Ministry in Holocaust
   
A study by a panel of German historians (Eckart Conze and Norbert Frei, Germany; Peter Hayes, Northwestern University; and Moshe Zimmerman, Israel), published in October 2010, disclosed that the German Foreign Ministry took a much more active role in the Holocaust than was previously known. Officials actively cooperated in mass murder and helped perpetrators flee after the war. The study - commissioned by former German foreign minister Joschka Fischer in 2005 - further demonstrated that diplomats continued covering up the past for decades.

Sources: Junge Welt, 25-Oct-2010; Spiegel Online, 23-Oct-2010; Deutsche Welle, 24-Oct-2010; Haaretz, 25-Oct-2010; Spiegel Online, 25-Oct-2010; Mail Online, 26-Oct-2010
Oct. Antisemitic Graffiti on Armenian Memorial
   
A swastika and a call to kill Jews in the Armenian language were painted, on the night of October 19-20, 2010, on a memorial in Yerevan dedicated to victims of the Holocaust and the Armenian genocide. The police launched an investigation. The Armenian Church and the Euro-Asian Jewish Congress condemned the incident.

Sources: armenialive.com, 20-Oct-2010; vestnikkavkaza.net, 20-Oct-2010; jewish.ru, 20-Oct-2010; eajc.org, 21-Oct-2010
Oct. Ultra-Orthodox Jewish-Arab Tensions in Safed
   
A group of 18 rabbis from Safed, including the Israeli city's chief rabbi Shmuel Eliyahu, signed a petition on October 20, 2010, urging Jews not to let or sell apartments to non-Jews. The appeal reflects rising ethnic tensions in the town, illustrated, for example, by the harassment of an elderly Holocaust survivor for letting an apartment to Bedouin students from the local college. The petition sparked riots between ultra-Orthodox Jews and Arabs in the city. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) condemned it as racist; however, Rabbi Ovadia Yosef from Shas (ultra-Orthodox political party in Israel) supported it.

Sources: Jerusalem Post, 05-Nov-2010; Haaretz, 02-Oct-2010; Haaretz, 29-Oct-2010; Haaretz, 25-Oct-2010; Haaretz, 24-Oct-2010
Sept. Prominent German Banker Resigns Post after Racist Statements
   
Thilo Sarrazin, a member of the SPD (Social Democratic Party) and a board member of the German national bank (Bundesbank) resigned his post on September 10, 2010, following a controversy over his statement that most Arab and Turkish immigrants in Germany were unwilling or unable to integrate, and that Jews had a genetic makeup ("all Jews share the same gene") that made them much more suited to living in Germany than recent Muslim immigrants. In his best-selling book Deutschland schafft sich ab (Germany does away with itself, August 2010), Sarrazin claims that Germany’s failure to integrate its immigrants endangered its culture and identity. The Centralrat of the Jewish Communities in Germany sharply criticized Sarrazin for his racist theories.

Sources: : Daily Mail, 11-Sep-2010; Mittelbayerische Zeitung, 02-Sep-2010; RP Online, 25-Aug-2010
Sept. Most Members of al-Qa`ida Yemenite Jews, Claims Swedish Islamist
   
Swedish Islamist Mohamed Omar published an interview on September 4, 2010 with Mousa Almallahi, editor of the news site Arabnyheter. Almallahi claimed that Hitler was no worse than Bush and Obama, that the Holocaust never happened and that Israel was carrying out a holocaust in Palestine. Relating to accusations of Islamist terrorism, he maintained that most members of al-Qa`ida were Yemenite Jews.

Sources: Alazerius, 04-Sep-2010
Sept. Iranian TV Debate on Holocaust Denial
   
On August 8, 2010, Iranian al-`Alam TV broadcast a debate on Holocaust denial with Syrian author Muhammad Nimr al-Madani. Al-Madani praised the statements made by Iranian president Mahmud Ahmadinejad denying the Holocaust and argued that people need to fight this lie; the state of Israel must be wiped out of existence, he said. He further claimed that Jews in many countries kill people and mix their blood with matzoth of Zion.

Sources: Memri, 08-Sep-2010
Sept. Holocaust Denier’s Tours of Death Camps Condemned
   
In September 2010 British Holocaust denier David Irving's attempts to raise money by taking tour groups to death camps and other sites in Poland connected to the Nazi regime met with fierce criticism in Poland and the UK. On September 10, Irving attacked his critics, saying that the attempts of the Polish authorities to make money out of Holocaust tourism were more sickening.

Sources: Daily Mail, 10-Sep-2010
Sept. Antisemitic Leftist Stands in Swedish Local Elections
   
In the Swedish elections held in September 2010, Sara Granberg, who has repeatedly posted antisemitic comments on the blog Jinge, run by a member of the Left Party, stood as a representative of this party for the local council in Simrishamn. Among her accusations: the Jews control the media, both in the US and in Sweden; a strong Zionist lobby controls the Internet; the Zionists have learnt from Hitler and act like he did; and instead of teaching about the Holocaust, the Forum for Living History in Stockholm should educate about the crimes of Zionism and of the tsar’s regime in pre-revolutionary Russia. She has also denied the existence of antisemitism.

Sources: Riktig Vänster, 15-Sep-2010
Aug. Holocaust Denial Website Launched in Iran
   
In August 2010, the Khakriz Cultural Institute in Iran launched a website based on a book of cartoons about the Holocaust. The book, published by Borzo Bitaraf in 2008, contains satirical and antisemitic cartoons by Maziar Bijani. The launch of the website was dedicated to denying the Holocaust through antisemitic caricatures and texts that seek to show that "the killing of 6 million Jews in World War II known as the Holocaust was a sheer lie."

Sources: Jerusalem Post, 09-Aug-2010; New York Times, 04-Aug-2010; Haaretz, 06-Aug-2010; www.holocartoons.com, 08-Aug-2010
Aug. Danish Historian Indicted for Anti-Muslim Racism
   
On August 3, 2010, the Danish historian and former editor of the paper Information, Lars Hedegaard, was indicted for racism. He is to be charged following a video interview with him on the webpage Snaphanen, where he warned that increased Muslim immigration would threaten western civilization. He also claimed that Muslims might lie to non-Muslims to further the cause of Islam, that women had no value in Muslim society except as mothers and that rape within the extended family was commonplace.

Sources: Politiken, 03-Aug-2010; Spanhanen, 03-Jun-2010
Aug. Antisemitic WWII Notice Posted in Hungary
   
In August 2010 a poster with the inscription "Be ashamed. You have bought from Jews again" was posted on the wall of a Kaufland Supermarket in Transylvania. A similar inscription was used in Hungary during World War II. Three youths, members of the extreme nationalist Hungarian Guard (Wass Albert Battalion) were arrested.

Sources: Hate Monitor Net, 06-Aug-2010
Aug. Chilean Journalist Dismissed after Antisemitic Article
   
On August 22, the Chilean weekly La Nacion Domingo published an article by author and journalist Antonio Gil accusing Mammon, the "Jewish demon of avarice and greed" of being responsible for all the country's misfortunes. Following complaints, the writer of the article, the editor and the illustrator were dismissed and the paper published an apology to the Jewish community.

Sources: luisramirez.cl.blog, 20-Aug-2010; El Ciudadano, 27-Aug-2010
Aug. Hizballah and Iranian TV Broadcast Antisemitic Series during Ramadan
   
During Ramadan, August 2010, Hizballah's satellite channel al-Manar, NBN TV, in Lebanon, and the Iranian Arabic-language channel al-Kawthar TV, aired the series al-Sayid al-Masih (The Christ), which presented an antisemitic pseudo-historical survey of the history of the Jewish people and Zionism, including the blood libel. In the first two episodes the Jews are depicted as conspirators, liars and traitors, and as evil, greedy and satanic. The Lebanese channels stopped broadcasting the series following protests from Lebanese Christians.

Sources: Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, 26-Aug-2010; Memri, 14-Aug-2010
July Switzerland Decides against Banning Nazi Salute and Swastika
   
At the end of June 2010, the Federal Government of Switzerland decided against criminalizing the Nazi salute and the use of the swastika. Protesting the Federal Government’s decision, the Federal Commission against Racism FCR and the GRA Foundation against Racism and Anti-Semitism, stated it could have serious consequences since Switzerland might become "a European refuge for right-wing extremist material."

Sources: admin.ch, 07-Jul-2010; swissinfo.ch, 07-Jul-2010
July Neo-Nazi Hackers Bring Down Concentration Camp Websites
   
The official websites of Buchenwald and other concentration camp memorials were partly destroyed by neo-Nazis in July 2010. Hackers deleted the home page and uploaded right-wing extremist symbols and slogans, including "Brown is beautiful" and "We will be back." In addition, they deleted the register of inmates who died in Buchenwald and the website of the nearby Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. Other websites, too, were linked to internet addresses denying the Holocaust. In response, Volhard Knigge, director of the memorial foundation, stated that the actions were aimed at eradicating "the memory of the victims of National-Socialist crimes." President of the state of Thueringen Christine Lieberknecht called them "an act of dehumanization." The foundation has filed charges and the Federal Criminal Agency (BKA) was investigating the incident.

Sources:
July Rise in Antisemitic Activity in Turkey
   
Pipe Line News published an assessment on July 19, 2010, by Dutch investigative reporter Emerson Vermaaton on the rise of antisemitism in Turkey. Vermaaton points especially to extreme nationalist circles (like the "Grey Wolves") and Islamist circles, but also claims that anti-Jewish prejudice is common in Turkey. The antisemitic discourse includes conspiracy theories and Holocaust denial. The article demonstrates the close connection between Islamist circles and the current political leadership in Turkey.

Sources: PipeLineNews, 19-Jul-2010
July Russian Public Figures Accuse Zionists of Genocide
   
On July 10, 2010, a round table initiated by the LDPR (Liberal Democratic Party of Russia), "On the Question of Recognizing the Genocide of the Russian People" was held in the building of the lower house of the Russian Parliament (Duma). It was attended by retired generals, leaders of extreme-right groups and Viktor Iliukhin (Communist Party - KPRF), who is known for his antisemitic views. The resolution adopted at the end of the event accused "the international Zionist financial mafia of genocide against the Russian people."

Sources: UCSJ, 28-Jul-2010
July Jewish Sites in France Vandalized
   
On July 20, 2010, the Jewish cemetery of Wolfisheim near Strasbourg was found desecrated, with 27 gravestones overturned. Two days later, the synagogue of Melun was discovered vandalized with Nazi symbols painted on the walls. The police were investigating.

Sources: Crif editorial, 22-July-2010
July Saudi Imam Criticizes Arab Sympathy for Hitler
   
On July 7, 2010, the Saudi daily al-Watan published an article by Iman al-Qawifli, who criticized the sympathy for Adolf Hitler and Nazism that prevails in the Arab world. Since the Arab people "were ignorant of Nazi philosophy and its implications," he pointed out, their admiration for Hitler during World War II was understandable. However, contemporary sympathy for Hitler took two forms: popular admiration for him as a strong leader, and sympathy disguised in intellectual terms. According to al-Qawifli, this glorification of Nazism and Hitler led to a disregard of reality that contradicted the historic truth and to an ideology of hostility towards the West.

Sources: al-Watan (Saudi Arabia), 08-Jul-2010; Memri, 04-Aug-2010
July Egyptian Cleric Praises Hitler’s Treatment of Jews
   
During a religious program aired on July 11, 2010 on Egyptian al-Nas TV, the host, Egyptian cleric Hussam Fawzi Jabar, stated that Hitler was right to say what he did and to do what he did to the Jews, who "by nature, love treachery, betrayal, deception, killing and blood."

Sources: Memri, 27-Jul-2010
July Wartime Antisemitic Romanian Patriarch Honored
   
In July 2010 the National Bank of Romania released a silver coin in honor of patriarch Miron Cristea, head of the Orthodox Church in Romania, 1925-1939 and prime minister, 1938-1939. During this period he stripped 37 percent of Romanian Jews of their citizenship, branding them "foreign elements that must be removed because they damage and weaken our Romania's ethnic and national character." Demanding that the coin be withdrawn from circulation, the Romanian Jewish Community and the US Holocaust Memorial Museum claimed it contradicted the law against incitement of racism and xenophobia. Bank spokesman, Mugur Stet, said that it was "part of a set commemorating the five patriarchs who have led the Romanian church since 1925" and had nothing to do with antisemitism. A special commission, however, was set up to review the matter.

Sources: worldjewishcongress.org, 10-Aug-2010; jta.org, 04-Aug-2010. bbc.co.uk, 06-Aug-2010; ejpress.org, 08-Aug-2010
July Rabbi Arrested in Israel for Inciting against Non-Jews
   
Rabbi Yitzhak Shapira, head of the prominent Or Yosef Hai Yeshiva on the West Bank, was arrested on July 26, 2010 on suspicion of inciting to murder non-Jews in his book The King's Torah. The police confiscated 30 copies of the book. Shapira had earlier been arrested in January 2010 as a suspect in the torching of a mosque in the village of Yasuf, but was released.

Sources: Haaretz, 26-Jul-2010; The Electronic Intifada, 02-Aug-2010
July SS Veterans March in Estonia
   
On July 31, 2010 the annual meeting of veterans of the 20th Estonian SS division (20 Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS) took place in Sinimae. It was attended by about 400 people, including members of the Union of Fighters for the Liberation of Estonia and Society of Friends of the Estonian Legion, as well as representatives of the ruling party. A well-known Latvian nationalist, Igors Siskins, came to the meeting with a swastika on his sleeve. The participants demanded that SS veterans be recognized as fighters for the freedom of Estonia. About 150 anti-fascists, some of them dressed as concentration camp inmates, held a counterdemonstration close by. The veterans' meeting was condemned by the NCSJ (National Conference on Soviet Jewry) in the U.S., the ADL, the World Without Nazism movement, the Union of Former Youth Inmates of Fascism, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Simon Wiesenthal Center, among others.

Sources: lenta.ru, 31-Jul-2010.; ru.delfi.lt, 31-Jul-2010; NCSJ, 03-Aug-2010; jta.org, 21-Jul-2010.; wcrj.org, 22-Jul-2010; historyfoundation.ru, 27-Jul-2010; IzRus, 29-Jul-2010
May/June ECRI Releases Report on Poland
   
On June 15, 2010, ECRI (European Commission Against Racism and Antisemitism) released its fourth report on Poland. According to the organization's chairman Nils Muiznieks, "the persistence of racist and antisemitic discourse, the lack of comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation and the vulnerable situation of the Roma remain sources of concern." On the positive side, special prosecutors were assigned to deal with racist crimes and there is a Program for the Benefit of the Roma Community in Poland. However, "antisemitism is tolerated in part of the political world and influential media." ECRI recommended that comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation be submitted to parliament; that a "body for combating racism and racial discrimination" be established; and that the Polish Football Association "develop a code of conduct to address fans' racism."

Sources: Council of Europe, 15-Jun-2010.; expatica.com, 15-Jun-2010
May/June Dutch Authorities Consider Using Decoy Jews to Expose Antisemites
   
Following a video aired on June 20, 2010, by the Dutch Jewish broadcasting company Joodse Omroep on the rise of antisemitism in the Netherlands, the Dutch authorities were considering using "decoy Jews" - undercover police agents disguised as religious Jews - to expose and arrest active antisemites. The video showed young Moroccan immigrants shouting insults and making Nazi salutes at a rabbi and two schoolchildren in Amsterdam. The decoy strategy was suggested by Ahmed Marcouch, a Moroccan-born member of parliament. According to local reports, Jews in at least six Amsterdam neighborhoods often cannot cross the street wearing a skullcap without being insulted, spat at or even assaulted.

Sources: telegraph.co.uk, 22-Jun-2010; news.yahoo.com, 25-Jun-2010; religionnewsblog.com, 22-Jun-2010
May/June Bomb Attack on Russian Synagogue
   
On the night of June 20/21, 2010 (two days before the anniversary of the German attack on the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941), a homemade bomb exploded near the entrance to a synagogue in the Russian city of Tver. One passer-by was slightly injured and the synagogue and nearby buildings were damaged. Classifying the case as "malicious hooliganism," the police opened an investigation and the municipality announced that it would allocate the necessary funds in order to repair the damage. The Jewish Religious Community of Russia (headed by one of Russia's chief rabbis, Adolf Sayevich) issued a statement saying that the explosion was "not only an offense to the Jewish population but a terrible reminder of World War II victims."

Sources: Interfax, 21-Jun-2010.; uvd.tver.ru, 21-Jun-2010; jta.org, 21-Jun-2010.; IzRus, 21-Jun-2010; Canada Free Press, 21-Jun-2010; European Jewish Press, 22-Jun-2010
May/June Holocaust Memorial Unveiled in Estonia
   
On June 2, 2010, a memorial dedicated to Jews executed during World War II in a prison in Tallinn, Estonia, was unveiled in the presence of Tallinn mayor Edgar Savisaar. The latter admitted during the ceremony that about 8,000 Jews from various European countries were murdered in Estonia during the Holocaust and "it would be hypocrisy to claim that the Estonians have no connection to this and that the executioners were only Germans… These are very painful memories."

Source: historyfoundation.ru, 02-Jun-2010
May/June Historian Uncovers Norway's Avoidance of WWII Past
   
On May 12, 2010, the Norwegian paper Aftenposten published an article on the work of historian Synne Corell from Oslo University. She shows in her doctoral dissertation that until now Norwegian historians have used euphemisms and other linguistic tricks to hide touchy subjects concerning World War II, such as Norwegian involvement in the deportation of its Jews to Auschwitz.

Sources: Aftenposten, 12-May-2010
May/June Swedish Academic Calls on Jews to Distance Themselves from Israel
   
On May 31, 2010, professor of practical ethics at Stockholm University Torbjorn Tannsjo, who is linked to the Left Party and is known for his extremely utilitarian views on medical ethics, wrote an article on the Swedish debate site Newsmill. Tannsjo demanded that Jews all over the world distance themselves from Israel if they wanted to avoid harassment and antisemitism. He was criticized in early June by Swedish historian Fredrik Meiton and author Ramona Fransson, who pointed out how Tannsjo's line of reasoning accepted and fostered antisemitic attitudes instead of fighting them.

Sources: Newsmill, 31-May-2010; Newsmill, 04-June-2010
May/June Some Responses to the "Gaza Aid Flotilla"
   
The confrontation between Israeli soldiers and participants of the so-called Gaza aid flotilla on May 31, 2010 triggered a barrage of attacks against Israel in the Arab and Iranian media, calling for jihad and aggressive action against the Jewish state. Memri (Middle East Research Institute) and PMW (Palestinian Media Watch) published reports based on statements, interviews and wills written by Flotilla participants, according to which Islamist activists onboard were anticipating conflict and wished to die as martyrs. Similarly, al-Jazeera TV aired an interview with Yemen-based Egyptian cleric Wagdi Ghoneim, who declared that Muslims would never recognize Israel and that Allah would pursue Jews who respected nothing but force. A Syrian TV program hosted Syrian historian Soheil Zakkar, who branded Israel "a malignant disease" and called for suicide operations within its borders. Iraqi publicist Nuri Jasim al-Miyahi contended on the Kurdish liberal website al-Hiwar al-Mutamaddin on June 4 that Israel would soon be wiped off the map as a consequence of its aggression.

Sources: Memri, 02-June-2010; Memri, 07-June-2010; Memri, 01-June-2010; AJC, 03-June-2010; PMW, 03-June-2010; Ikhwanonline, 04 June 2010

One of the motifs frequently used in Arab responses to the Gaza flotilla events was Israel's equation to Nazism. On June 1, 'Abd al-Khaliq Husayn claimed, in al-Hiwar al-Mutamaddin, that since its establishment, Israel had followed the Nazi Hitler model and exploited the Holocaust in order to justify the usurpation of Palestine. On the official Muslim Brotherhood site (June 2), Majida Shahhata thanked the so-called "Nazi entity" for showing its real face when it committed a holocaust against Palestinians. Mazin Himad in the Jordanian daily al-Dustur (June 6), accused Israel of being worse than the Nazi state, but said it would take a long time to convince the world.



Sources: Memri, 03-June-2010; www.ahewar.org, 04-June-2010; al-Hiwar al-Mutamaddin, 04 June 2010

On May 31, al-Falluja jihadist web forum posted an essay by Shaykh Husayn Bin Mahmud, a pseudonym of a Salafi cleric popular among the online global jihadist community. He accused the Jews of betraying Moses, killing many of the prophets and conspiring to kill Muhammad, and defined them as "a people of deception and deceit, wickedness, unbelief, heresy, and polytheism… Everyone who has had contact with them … has spurned them, loathed them, and detested them." He claimed to be citing Hitler when he said that the latter had decided to leave some of them alive so that the entire world would know why he killed the rest. In conclusion, he stressed that Gaza would not stop fighting until it drank "the blood of the sons of apes and pigs."



Sources: Al-Dustur, 06 June 2010, ikhwanonline, 02 June 2010, al-Sabil, 03 June 2010, al-Hiwar al-Mutamaddin, 01 June 2010

An editorial in the Iranian daily Kayhan from June 1 evoked Judgment Day, claiming that the life of Zionists was not safe anywhere anymore and that Israel was doomed to annihilation. In addition, Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad told the Iranian daily Fars on May 31 that Israel was a "cancerous tumor" whose end had begun.



Source: Memri, 03 June 2010
May/June Jews in France Assaulted
   
A 78-year-old Jewish man was attacked outside a synagogue in Nimes, France, on May 1, 2010, by three men who sprayed teargas in his face. The attack occurred a few minutes after explicit antisemitic graffiti reading "Nike Le Juif" (F--k the Jews) was sprayed on one of the synagogue doors. Nimes police were investigating the two possibly related incidents.

A month later, on June 7, 2010, a 45-year-old Jewish man was assaulted at the Argenteuil train station in the Ile-de-France region (northern France). The attacker, who the victim claimed was of North African origin, passed through the carriages asking the passengers: "Are you a Jew? Are you a Jew?" When he came across the victim he shouted: "I don't like the Jews… I am going to beat you up. Did you see what your cousins are doing in Gaza?" He then hit him and pushed him to the floor. The victim received medical attention and the perpetrator was arrested and brought before a judge in Pontoise.



Sources: crif.org, 3-May-2010; telegraph.co.uk, 3-May-2010; sosantisemitisme.org, 7-Jun-2010
May/June Arson Attack on Synagogue in Germany
   
An arson attack on the old synagogue in Worms, Germany, was reported on May 17, 2010. The building was set alight and flyers dispersed threatening, "As long as you do not give peace to the Palestinians we will not stop!" The police were investigating.

Sources: swr.de, 24-May-2010; evangelische.de, 18-May-2010
May/June Desecration in Israel
   
In early May 2010 swastikas and slogans such as "Death to niggers," "Death to Ethiopians" and "Heil Hitler" in both Hebrew and Russian were discovered on the gravestone of an Ethiopian woman in Beersheba, Israel. A complaint was filed.

Sources: Ynet News, 09-May-2010; eajc.org, 10-May-2010
May/June Website Countering Holocaust Denial Launched
   
In May 2010, a Second World War website (WW2History.com) was launched by British historian Laurence Rees, former creative director of BBC Television History, to counter Holocaust denial. Among the main features will be timelines for four theaters of war: the Western Front, the Eastern Front, the Pacific Front and the Holocaust.

Source: JC.com, 29 April 2010
May/June Desecrations in Poland
   
In early May 2010 a memorial to Holocaust victims at the Jewish cemetery of Minsk Mazowiecki, Poland, was smashed. It had been renovated a few months earlier and contained a plaque in both Hebrew and Polish. Another desecration took place at the Jewish cemetery in Sosnowic on 16/17 May when about 60 gravestones were shattered. A complaint was filed by the Jewish community.

Sources: sztetl.org.pl, 21-May-2010; CFCA, 03-May-2010; jewish.org.pl, May-2010
May/June Veteran White House Reporter Retires after Antisemitic Remarks
   
At a Jewish heritage event held at the White House on May 27, 2010, veteran White House reporter Helen Thomas, 89, was video-taped answering a question on what she thought about Israel. She said: "The Jews should get the hell out of Palestine" and return to "Poland, Germany, and America and everywhere else." On June 4, she posted a statement on her website apologizing for her comments. However, criticism of Thomas continued to pour in. The White House Correspondents Association called the remarks "indefensible," and on June 7 Thomas retired from her position at Hearst newspapers. A day later, President Obama stated that her remarks about Israel were "offensive" and called her decision to retire "the right decision."

Sources: timesonline.co.uk, 07-06-2010; washingtonontimes.com, 07-06-2010; nytimes.com, 07-06-2010; jpost.com, 15-06-2010; newsbusters.org, 14-06-2010; foxnews.com, 04-06-2010
April Neo-Nazi and Antisemitic Graffiti in Israeli City
   
On April 9, 2010, swastikas and antisemitic graffiti reading "Every Jew has his day," "Jews get out," "Hitler rules and all Jews must die" and "Work sets you free [Arbeit macht frei]" were discovered on electricity poles and in other places in Ashdod, Israel. The police opened an investigation.

Sources: Ynet News, 9 April 2010; Mako, 9 April 2010. newsru.co.il, 9 April 2010
April Antisemitic Manifestations Observed during Kyrgyzstan Coup
   
A series of antisemitic events took place during the period of the coup d'etat in Kyrgyzstan in early April 2010. In an interview he gave to the Russian news website gazeta.ru, a leader of a group of youths that took control over the area in front of the government building in Bishkek, said, after he questioned the reporter about his nationality: "We respect Russians, but Jews should be all killed." On April 8, demonstrators in Bishkek bore antisemitic signs such as "Dirty Jews and those like Maxim do not have a place in Kyrgyzstan," referring to the son of president Kurmanbek Bakiev. Bakiev was accused by the opposition (which initiated the coup) of taking over the country's vital resources upon the advice of Russian Jews in the US. Also on April 8, there was an attempt to set the local synagogue alight with bottles of explosive liquid after the perpetrators had disabled the surveillance cameras. No one was injured since the building was empty. Jewish community leaders sent a letter of complaint to the interim leader of the country Roza Otunbayeva and asked for protection. The security of the building was subsequently reinforced. The US State Department condemned the antisemitic incidents on April 12.

Sources: IzRus, 08 April 2010; JTA (Jewish Telegraphic Agency), 12 April 2010; newsru.co.il, 9 April 2010; IzRus, 12 April 2010
April Antisemitic and Nazi Slogans on Jewish School in Kiev
   
On April 19, 2010 (the eve of Israel's Independence Day and of the anniversary of Adolf Hitler's birthday), antisemitic and Nazi slogans, such as "Jew go home," "A Yid won't pass on white soil," "Trample the Yid," "Sieg Heil," "Waffen SS," "NS/WP," RaHoWa (Racial Holy War) and "Happy Holocaust" were painted on the walls of a Chabad school in Kiev. The head of the school believed that neo-Nazis were behind the incident and expressed his hope that the authorities would investigate the case.

Sources: col.org.il, 20 April 2010; IzRus, 21 April 2010; inn.co.il, 20 April 2010. jta.org, 21 April 2010. jewish.ru, 21 April 2010, Ynet News, 22 April 2010
April Racist Jobbik Party Comes in Third in Hungarian Elections
   
On April 11, 2010, the far right Hungarian Jobbik party, known for its antisemitic and anti-Gypsy (Roma) rhetoric, entered parliament for the first time in Hungarian elections. It won 16.71% of the vote, more than any other far right party in Hungary since the fall of communism in 1989, and was third, behind the governing Socialists (19.3 %) and the opposition center-right Fidesz party, which won a majority of more than 52% of the vote. Jobbik has blamed Jews and Gypsies for Hungary's deep economic crisis and said that "foreign speculators," including Israel, want to control the country. Jobbik's rise has been aided by the popularity of the extremist Magyar Garda, (Hungarian Guard), linked to Hungary's wartime Nazi party. A recent edition of the party magazine showed a statue of St. Gellert - an 11th-century martyred bishop - holding a menorah instead of a cross. "Is this what you want?" it asked.

A few days before the elections, on April 6, about 1000 Jews wearing yarmulkes held a march, organized by the Hungarian Jewish Community, through the Old Ghetto district in Budapest, protesting against a series of antisemitic incidents (antisemitic graffiti in Budapest, desecration of the Holocaust memorial in Zalaegerszeg and an antisemitic rally by neo-Nazis in Tiszaeszlar) and "the polarized political climate in the run-up to Hungary's elections." The march was secured by the police.



Sources: World Jewish Congress, 7 April 2010; haaretz.com, 12 April 2010; nytimes.com, 11 April 2010; timesonline.co.uk, 12 April 2010; telegraph.co.uk, 11 April 2010; JTA 26 April 2010
April Norwegian Journalist Offers Antisemitic Explanation for Jewish Passover
   
On the Thursday of Holy Week, April 1, 2010, Norwegian State Radio (NRK) broadcast a show during which well-known journalist Terje Nordby claimed that whereas the Christian Easter was connected to the death and resurrection of Jesus, the Jewish Passover celebrated "the slaughter of Egyptian children."

Sources: Dokument.no, 1 April 2010
April. Sexual Abuse Claims in Church a Jewish Conspiracy, says Italian Bishop
   
On April 9, 2010 a retired Italian bishop, Giacomo Babini, suggested in an interview posted on the Catholic website Pontifex that claims of sexual abuse in the Catholic Church were a Jewish conspiracy. Babini allegedly claimed that a "Zionist attack" was behind criticism of the Church, since it was so "powerful and refined." He also said: "They do not want the church, they are its natural enemies. Deep down, historically speaking, the Jews are God killers [deicide]." The American Jewish Committee (AJC), which spotted the interview, said the bishop also asserted that "the Holocaust took place due to Jews 'strangling Germany economically' through 'usury'." Italy's Bishops' Conference (CEI) rushed out a statement in which Babini denied having given the interview in the first place. The AJC urged the CEI to condemn the comments, which followed a series of statements made by Catholic churchmen alleging the existence of plots to weaken the church and Pope Benedict XVI. Babini has previously been quoted on the Pontifex website accusing Jews of exploiting the Holocaust.

Sources: Haaretz.com, 12 April 2010; jpost.com, 13 April 2010; guardian.co.uk, 11 April 2010
Feb. Morocco Conference on the Holocaust Draws Criticism
   
In response to a conference on the Holocaust organized by Project Aladdin, the French foreign ministry and the Moroccan National Library, and held on February 1, 2010 in Rabat, Morocco, several Arab scholars and commentators, as well as Moroccan Jewish intellectuals who participated, attacked the initiative as serving Zionist political and ideological goals, and as a further indication of the alleged continuing instrumentalization of the Holocaust. Project Aladdin, which is supported by the Fondation de la Memoire de la Shoah and UNESCO, seeks to disseminate knowledge about the Holocaust in the Arab and Muslim worlds with the aim of bringing about a better understanding between Muslims and Jews. Most vocal in his criticism was Jewish Moroccan author Edmond `Amran al-Malih, who conditioned a discussion of the Jewish Holocaust on recognition of the "Zionist holocaust" in Gaza, emphasizing that Muslims and Jews could never reach coexistence without it. Senior Jewish adviser to the king of Morocco, Andre Azoulay, called, on the other hand, for participants to avoid discussion of Gaza and insisted that there was no connection between the Holocaust and the State of Israel.

Sources: Al-Tajdid, February 3, al-Sabil, February 19, 26, 2010.
Feb. Attempted Bombing at Cairo Synagogue
   
The largest synagogue in Egypt, Sha'ar Shamayim, was the target of an attempted bombing. At 03:00 on February 21, 2010, Jamal Husayn Husayn hurled a suitcase with explosives from his fourth floor room in the Panorama Hotel next door. The synagogue was not damaged and no one was injured. Husayn, 49, who has previous convictions for drug trafficking, was arrested the next day. He reportedly did not belong to any extremist organization and acted alone. He admitted that he was outraged by the events in Palestine and by the assassination of Hamas leader Mahmud al-Mabhuh in Dubai few days previously.

Sources: Haaretz, 22 Feb.; al-'Arabiya net 23 Feb.; al-Yawm al-Sabi', al-Ahram, 23 Feb. 2010
Feb. Holocaust Denier Released from German Prison
   
On March 1, 2010, Holocaust denier Ernst Zundel was released from prison in Mannheim, Germany, after serving a five-year sentence. Zundel was found guilty on 14 counts of inciting antisemitic hatred for years, mainly through his Holocaust denying website. Holocaust denial is a crime in Germany. Supporters outside the prison hailed Zundel as "a brave man" and "a victim of justice," while some claimed there was still no evidence that anyone was gassed to death at Nazi concentration camps.

Sources: jpost.com, 2 March 2010; torontosun.com, 1 March 2010; jta.org, 1 March 2010
Feb. Russian Editor Sentenced for Incitement of Ethnic Hatred
   
On February 3, 2010 the Federal Court of St. Petersburg sentenced Konstantin Dushenov, chief editor of the newspaper Rus' Pravoslavnaia, to 3 years in a prison colony for incitement of ethnic hatred. Dushenov was convicted of publishing and distributing antisemitic materials all over Russia, including the film Russia with a Knife in Its Back - Jewish Fascism and the Genocide of the Russian Nation, which is on the list of banned extremist materials in Russia. Two other staff members of the newspaper were given suspended sentences.

Sources: UCSJ, 12 Feb. 2010; regnum.ru, 3 Feb. 2010; AEN (Jewish News Agency), 4 Feb. 2010
Feb. Italy's Lazio Football Fans Post Antisemitic Expressions in Facebook
   
In early February 2010, supporters of Italy's Lazio football team opened a page on the Facebook social network inciting against the Israeli football player Eyal Golasa who was slated to join their team. In one post on the site, a fan wrote: "It is enough that he [Golasa] is a Jew not to accept him, but he is also about to join their military forces in their army within a year and this is something we cannot accept." Other fans also wrote antisemitic and anti-Israel posts, such as: "We don't want people stained with blood" and "We don't want people who belong to a nation of criminals and murderers."

Sources: ynet.co.il, 2 Feb. 2010; www.facebook.com, Feb 2010
Feb. Books on Holocaust Being Translated into Arabic and Farsi
   
In a statement made on February 11, 2010, the French ambassador to Israel, Christophe Bigot revealed the existence of a French project for translating famous books about the Holocaust, such as Primo Levi's writings and the diary of Anne Frank, into Arabic and Farsi and distributing them in the Muslim world. The Fondation de la Memoire de la Shoah (FMS) and Project Aladdin (which is supported by the FMS), as well as UNESCO, are behind the endeavor. The ambassador's statement followed a report of the Service de Protection de la Communaute Juive (SPCJ) showing that antisemitic incidents in France nearly doubled in 2009, following Operation Cast Lead (832 incidents in 2009 compared to 474 in 2008). The ambassador refused to link the rise of antisemitism in France to its Muslim community; however, he said, antisemitism served as an outlet for several sectors of society to express political or economic frustrations and that Israel's military campaigns "are often used by extremists as a pretext for violence."

Sources: ynetnews.com, 12 Feb. 2010; Jyllands-Posten, 26 Feb. 2010
Feb. Hungary Passes Draft Law against Holocaust Denial
   
On February 22, 2010, the Hungarian parliament passed a draft law outlawing Holocaust denial. The initiator of the bill, which makes denying the Holocaust a criminal offense punishable by up to 3 years in prison, was Attila Mesterhazy, the governing Socialist Party's candidate for prime minister in the upcoming elections (April 2010). The new law may not be ratified since it can be deemed unconstitutional on the grounds of limiting freedom of speech. Previous attempts to ban Holocaust denial have been thwarted on such grounds. Hate speech and incitement to violence against minorities are already criminal acts in Hungary. A motion by the center-right opposition party Fidesz to extend the law to cover denial of other crimes committed under the Communist regime was rejected by 178 votes to 146, with seven abstentions.

Sources: Jerusalem Post, 23 Feb. 2010; Jurist, 24 Feb. 2010; Haaretz, 22 Feb. 2010; EJC, 24 Feb. 2010; PEW.forum, 22 Feb. 2010
Jan. Iranian Cleric Accuses Jews and Zionists of Corruption
   
Ayatollah Mesbah-Yazdi, a member of the Assembly of Experts and the chairman of the Supreme Council of Ahl-e Bait (dedicated to Shi'i Muslim links), known also as Ahamdinejad's spiritual mentor, repeated in a speech to a forum of the Revolutionary Guards in Qom on January 5, 2010, the allegation that Jewish/Zionist hands were behind the demonstrations against the regime. He called the Jews "the most corrupt race" that has endeavored to corrupt the world in order to rule it. They were the enemies of Islam and "their crimes throughout history are testimony to that truth."

Sources: Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, Bulletin, 4, 25 Jan. 2010
Jan. Israeli Aid Mission to Haiti Accused of Organ Trafficking
   
The Hizballah portal al-Intiqad, as well as a program on Syrian TV, claimed that the Haiti catastrophe provided further proof of Zionism's evil intentions. Reiterating a new version of the blood libel, they charged that the real reason for Israel's aid mission was to exploit the tragedy and suffering of the Haitians, and engage in organ stealing and trafficking. Prof. of International Relations Jasim Zakariya said in the program that Shakespeare's Shylock's came to mind while watching the scenes. "The Jew has not changed - especially the Zionist Jews - who are now gathered in so-called Israel, which is the largest concentration in history of war criminals."

Sources: www.al-intiqad.com/essaydetails.php?eid=26158&cid=10, 27 Jan. 2010; Memri, clip 2370, 27 Jan. 2010
Jan. Arab Israeli MK Participates in Official Visit to Auschwitz
   
Arab Israeli MK Muhammad Baraka took part in the official Israeli delegation to Auschwitz, Poland, on January 30, 2010, to mark International Holocaust Remembrance Day. His decision to join the delegation was received with mixed reactions among Israeli Arabs. Whereas MK Ahamd Tibi commended him, and Musa Hasadiya, director of al-Bustani advertising and communications company, and poet Samih al-Qasim welcomed his decision, encouraging Arabs to sympathize with the Holocaust victims and share Jewish pain without endorsing Israeli misdeeds against the Palestinians, others were critical of the move. Zuhayr Andraos, in Ynet News, and Wasil Taha on Panet and Panorama online, considered it a needless act, albeit human and with great symbolic significance. Why should he take part in an official delegation while the 1948 Nakba is denied, they asked. Baraka himself caused a commotion when he stormed out of a Yad Vashem lecture on contemporary antisemitism when the lecturer claimed that Arabs belittled the Holocaust. However, upon his return from Poland, he published an article in Maariv, stating that the visit had deeply moved him and strengthened his resolve to continue his struggle against racism.

Sources: http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3833922,00.html, 13 Jan. 2010; www.panet.co.il/online/articles/63/68/S-260741,63,68.html, 14 Jan. 2010; www.panet.co.il/online/articles/1/2/S-260690,1,2.html, 14 Jan.; al-'Arab, 16 Jan. 2010 http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3836047,00.html, 20 Jan. 2010; www.balady.co.il/politics/5507-tibi, Jan.21; Haaretz, 25, 27, 28 Jan.; Maariv, Jan. 28, 2010
Jan. "The Jews Are the Enemies of Allah"
   
A Friday sermon delivered at a Nablus mosque and broadcast on PA television on January 29, 2010, was virulently antisemitic. The preacher, whose name was not mentioned, described the Jews as the enemies of Allah, and the Nazis of the 20th century. He repeated the oft-cited accusation that they are a people who laid traps for the prophets, and deceived and killed them. Jews, he continued, will always be Jews and will not cease to be hostile to Muslims. Citing the infamous Islamic oral tradition (hadith) on Judgment Day according to which the stones urge Muslims to come and kill the Jew hiding behind a tree, he concluded that the mutual enmity, "is a matter of faith" and the only way to liberate Palestine is by jihad.

Sources: Memri Special Dispatch, No. 2784, 2 Feb. 2010; PMW Bulletin, 1 Feb. 2010
Jan. Holocaust Denial Graffiti Reported in Moldova
   
The text, "Do not fool people with the Holocaust. Get out of the country," appeared on a fence in the center of Chisinau, Moldova, in mid-January 2010. The graffiti was reported close to the memorial complex to Holocaust victims of the local ghetto.

Sources: nm.md, 22 Jan. 2010; AEN (Jewish News agency); 25 Jan. 2010; enews.md, 25 Jan. 2010
Jan. Retired Polish Bishop Accused of Making Antisemitic Remarks
   
On January 25, 2010, retired Polish Bishop Tadeusz Pieronek was quoted as saying on the Rome-based Catholic website Pontifex.Roma that the "Holocaust as such is a Jewish invention (invenzione ebraica) used to obtain advantages." He accused Jews of "intolerable arrogance" and of "enjoy[ing] good press" because they have the unconditional backing of the US. He also accused Israel of treating Palestinians "like animals." The remarks were made two days before International Holocaust Memorial Day commemorating the liberation of the Auschwitz death camp in Poland in 1945. In response to criticism, Pieronek said his remarks had been "taken out of context."

Sources: Jerusalem Post,25 Jan. 25, 2010; AFP and Ynetnews, 25 Jan. 2010; Europetimes, 29 Jan. 2010
Jan. Molotov Cocktail Thrown at Antwerp Synagogue
   
On January 15, 2010, a Molotov cocktail was thrown at the main door of the Bouwmeester synagogue in Antwerp, Belgium. A wall near the entrance was burned and broken glass found on the ground. The police were investigating.

Sources: antisemitisme.be, 15 Jan. 2010
Jan. Cretan Synagogue Desecrated Twice
   
The medieval Etz Hayyim Synagogue, situated in the old city of Hania (Chania), Crete, was twice the target of an arson attack in January 2010. This follows the desecration of other synagogues and Jewish cemeteries across Greece in recent months, in Athens, Larissa, Volos, Thessaloniki and Ioannina. On January 5, the synagogue was broken into and an outdoor wooden staircase leading to the library set alight. The fire was extinguished quickly. Police found a bottle with flammable liquid still burning. A bar of soap was also thrown against the walls of the synagogue, an act expressing the common antisemitic Greek slogan, "I'll turn you into a bar of soap." Another arson attack took place on January 15, causing damage estimated at US$43,000, especially to the library. Some 2,500 holy books, some of them rare editions, were destroyed. In recent months, a fascist-inspired militia has allegedly been at work in the town, which has long been home to many immigrants. Police arrested two Britons and a Greek, and later an American English teacher, in connection with the attacks. Other Jewish sites were defaced in Hania during December-January.

Sources: worldjewishcongress.org, 11 Jan. 2010; ana-mpa.gr, 10 Jan. 2010; phantis.org, 05 Jan. 2010; phantis.org, 09 Jan. 2010; Haaretz.co.il, 16 Jan. 2010; nrchandelsblad, 22 Jan. 2010; samgrubersjewishartmonuments.blogspot.com, 07 Jan. 2010

2009


Dec. Arabs Invoke Jews Following Swiss Referendum on Minarets
   
Following the Swiss referendum held on 29 November 2009, in which 57.7 percent voted for a ban on the construction of minarets, a few Arab commentators claimed that neither Switzerland nor any other country would dare hold a referendum on Jewish places of worship and risk the accusation of antisemitism. On the Hizballah al-'Ahd al-Intiqad, Mishal Sab' contended that the Zionist-Israeli lobby was "the winner" in this affair, which was probably part of the strategy of "international Zionism" against Islam. Similarly, the Libyan daily al-Sharq published a cartoon entitled "The Conspiracy," depicting a figure with a cross, symbolizing the Christian world, and a long arm with a Star of David sawing a minaret. In a debate on al-Jazeera TV held on 8 December, Islamist Azzam Tamimi accused Swiss MP Oskar Freysinge of belonging to a Christian-Zionist movement that sought to support Israel "just like Hitler collaborated with Zionism until 1939." On the other hand, Turkish journalist Enis Berberoglu, in the center-right paper Hurriyet, said while the minarets of Islam disturbed the comfort of the Swiss people, they "[sat] on the fortunes of the Jews who were burned by the Nazis."

Sources: Hurriyet, 1 Dec. 2009; Memri, Clip no. 2297, 8 Dec. 2009; al-Intiqad, 10 Dec. 2009; al-Hewar al-Mutamaddin, 15 Dec. 2009; al-Sharq, 30 Dec. 2009
Dec. Sudan Representative Compares Climate Change Accord to Holocaust
   
Sudan Representative Lumumba Stanislas Dia-ping, who chaired the Group 77 of poor nations at the UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, 7-18 December 2009, caused an outrage when he compared the conference's draft accord to the Holocaust. On 19 December, Dia-ping criticized the pact agreed by the United States, China, India, Brazil and South Africa, claiming it was a "solution based on values that funneled six million people in Europe into furnaces." His remarks were condemned by both the UK climate secretary Ed Miliband and Sweden's chief negotiator Anders Turesson. Although such expressions are not necessarily antisemitic, they illustrate the increasing use made of relativization of the Holocaust.

Sources: AFP, Guardian, Daily Mail, December 19, 2009; http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8421910.stm
Dec. Antisemitic Attack in Moscow Metro
   
On the night of 30 November/1 December 2009, a 25-year-old Jewish man was attacked in the Moscow metro. The attacker gave the Nazi salute, shouted "Heil" and asked the man whether he was a Jew. After receiving a positive reply, the attacker asked him, "Would you like me to strangle you?" When the man did not answer, the attacker began strangling him. He was detained by the metro police who classified the case as "minor hooliganism" and released him. The victim filed a complaint with the police.

Sources: UCSJ, 4 Dec. 2009; SOVA Center, 3 Dec. 2009
Dec. Bosnian Constitution Discriminatory, Says European Court
   
On 22 December 2009 the European Court of Human Rights ruled that the Bosnian constitution discriminates against Jews and Roma since it does not allow people of those origins to run for the presidency or for a seat in parliament (only Bosnians, Serbs and Croats are permitted). The judgment was the outcome of a joint complaint by two prominent public figures in Bosnia, the Jewish activist Jakob Finci and Roma activist Dervo Sejdic. Finci provided as evidence a letter he received from the Bosnian election committee stating that he was ineligible to run for the presidency or for parliament because he is Jewish.

Sources: seattlepi.com, 22 Dec. 2009; ynet.co.il, 22 Dec. 2009; Radio Free Europe, 29 Dec. 2009; Turkish Weekly 23 Dec. 2009; CBSnews, 22 Dec. 2009
Dec. Neo-Nazis Suspected of Involvement in Theft of Auschwitz Sign
   
The sign reading Arbeit Macht Frei above the gateway to Auschwitz, and which symbolized the horror of the concentration camp, was stolen in December 2009. A few days later the 16-foot sign, cut into three pieces, was found in northern Poland. Five Polish citizens were arrested, and Polish police also suspect two Swedish men of involvement in the theft. They claim that one of them, Anders Hoegstroem, was the middle man who had asked the Poles to steal the sign, which he planned to sell to a neo-Nazi in Britain. The money from the sale - according to estimates, several hundreds of thousands of euros - would be used to finance attacks on the Swedish government and parliament. In the 1990s, Hoegstroem was the leader and founder (in 1994) of the neo-Nazi group Nationalsocialistisk Front (NF), which he claimed he left after five years in order to work for an anti-Nazi organization. In 2001, he received a reward for his anti-Nazi work. Denying he has committed any crime, Hoegstroem claims that it was he who alerted police as to the whereabouts of the sign. The Polish minister of culture announced the allocation of $137,000 to reinforce security at the Auschwitz site.

Sources: eurojewcong, 8 Jan. 2010; Expressen, 8 Jan. 2009; Canada.com, 7 Jan. 2010; Haaretz, 6 Jan. 2010
Dec. Extreme Right-Wing Crimes in Germany Continue to Rise
   
On 17 December 2009, Joerg Ziercke, president of the German Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt, BKA), announced that the number of politically motivated criminal acts committed in the country by right-wing extremists was continuing to rise, reaching the highest number since the introduction of the new data collecting system in 2001. Ziercke warned of increasing violence of neo-Nazis. Initial figures show more than 20,000 violent incidents committed in 2009. On average, nearly three acts of violence take place in Germany each day and "about three antisemitically motivated assaults take place" per month. The extreme right-wing scene is estimated to involve some 30,000 persons, one-third of whom are considered violence-prone. A "rising self-confidence" of participants, which often turns into violence against supposed political or ideological enemies, has been detected especially during extreme right demonstrations.

Sources: merkur-online.de, 17 Dec. 2009; freitag.de, 18 12 Dec. 2009
Nov. Teaching of Anne Frank Diary Arouses Controversy in Lebanon
   
A reporter of Hizballah's al-Manar television station aroused controversy in Lebanon when he discovered in early November 2009 that a private English-language school in western Beirut was teaching a textbook that included chapters from Anne Frank's Diary. As a result, Hizballah MP Husayn Hajj Hasan criticized the school for teaching the "so-called tragedy" of this girl instead of the tragedy of the Palestinian people. Teaching such a book, said chairman of the Authority for Banning Zionist Products, is a criminal offense and tantamount to a process of normalization. Lebanese Parliamentary Deputy Sami Jumayyil, as well as journalists Hazim Saghiya and Muhammad Ali al-Atasi, strongly condemned Hizballah's call to censor the diary.

Sources:
http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5itf1-VAct-8J9HM60sa5sFwpqWBg
www.nowlebanon.com/Print.aspx?ID=127151
www.nowlebanon.com/Print.aspx?ID=126312
http://www.projetaladin.org/en/newsletters/lebanese-mp-all-schools-in-lebanon-should-have-the-right-to-teach-anne-franks-diary.html
Nov. Iranian Holocaust Denier Appointed Deputy Minister
   
Iranian Holocaust denier Muhammad `Ali Ramin was appointed by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as deputy minister of culture in early November 2009. Ramin, who organized the denial conference in Tehran in December 2006 and became secretary general of the Iranian World Foundation for Holocaust Studies, is considered the driving force behind Ahmadinejad's Holocaust denial notions.

Sources:
http://www.khorasannews.com/news.aspx?12_17404_15_2500.XML
http://www.rferl.org/articleprintview/1867427.html
Nov. Yemeni Assassination Attempt Foiled
   
An assassination attempt on Yahiya Ben-Yousef, leader of the tiny Jewish community in San'a, was foiled by Yemeni security forces on November 20, 2009. They arrested three armed Shi'i rebels, reportedly belonging to Islamic extremist organizations, who had entered the Jewish area.

Sources:
http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1258705147565&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FPrinter
Nov. EasyJet Withdraws In-flight Magazine due to Controversial Pictures
   
The budget airline easyJet withdrew almost 300,000 copies of the November 2009 edition of its in-flight magazine due to protests over its use of the Central Holocaust Memorial site in Berlin, Germany, as a backdrop for a fashion feature.

Sources:
http://www.wadinet.de/blog/?p=2323
http://www.newstatesman.com/2009/11/holocuast-memorial-easyjet-magazine
Nov. German Anti-Israel Activists Try to Disrupt Movie on Israel
   
On October 25, 2009, a group of extreme left-wing activists tried to disrupt screening of the movie Pourquoi Israel? (Why Israel?), directed by French Jewish filmmaker Claude Lanzmann, in St. Pauli, Hamburg. By imitating an Israeli checkpoint, the boycotters tried to prevent the visitors from entering the theater and insulted them with antisemitic abuse such as Judenschweine (Jewish pigs). Branding this "an unacceptable action," the left-wing party Die Linke said the movie was not about "justifying Israeli politics" but about "the existence of Israel." Lanzmann commented, "they call it anti-Zionism, but it's antisemitism."

Sources:
http://blog.zeit.de/stoerungsmelder/2009/11/04/antisemiten-verhindern-lanzmann-film-auf-st-pauli_1776
http://info.interactivist.net/node/13362
http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1258705154390&pagename=JPArticle/ShowFull
http://www.spiegel.de/kultur/gesellschaft/0,1518,661980,00.html
Nov. Norwegian Attempt to Boycott Israeli Universities Fails
   
On November 12, 2009, following a resolution presented by Rector Torbjorn Digernes, the board of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim, Norway's second-largest university, voted unanimously not to support an academic boycott of Israel. The boycott had been initiated by 34 lecturers at NTNU and the University College of Sor-Trondelag, in Trondheim. Approval of the proposal would have meant the first formal boycott of Israeli academic institutions by a European university. NTNU professor Bjorn Alsberg led the fight against the proposed boycott.

Sources:
http://www.itk.ntnu.no/ansatte/Andresen_Trond/dwnl3/brev-fra-israel.html
http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1257770035024&pagename=JPArticle/ShowFull
http://www.ntnu.no/news/NTNU-says-no-to-Israel-boycott
http://tundratabloid.blogspot.com/2009/09/academic-friends-of-israel-call-on-ntnu.html
http://www.aaup.org/AAUP/newsroom/Highlights/ntnuboycott.htm
Nov. Canadian Parliamentary Coalition Begins Hearings on Antisemitism
   
In light of the rise of antisemitism both domestically and internationally, the Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Antisemitism (CPCCA) began a series of domestic hearings on November 2, 2009, in Ottawa, with two inquiry panels of international parliamentarians and experts. Some Canadian left-wing circles claimed the CPCCA was funded by Jewish and pro-Israel organizations whose purpose was to equate criticism of Israeli policy with antisemitism.

Sources:
http://www.cnw.ca/en/releases/archive/October2009/29/c4149.html
http://www.cpcca.ca/inquiry.htm
http://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2009/11/19/Antisemitism/
http://www.ajc.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=ijITI2PHKoG&b=1531915&ct=7685805
Sept/Oct Jewish Graves Desecrated in Russia
   
On the night of September 23-24, 2009 about 60 gravestones were broken at the Jewish section of the Dmitrovo-Cherkasskoe cemetery in the Tver region. The cemetery was also desecrated in April and July. The police opened an investigation.

Sources: jta.org, 27 Sept. 2009; etver.ru, 24 Sept. 2009; tvernews.ru, 21 Sept. 2009
Sept/Oct British Trade Union Congress Calls for Consumer Boycott of Israeli Businesses
   
On September 17, 2009 Britain's labor federation (6.5 million members), the Trade Union Congress (TUC), adopted a policy calling for a consumer-led boycott and sanctions campaign against Israel. The sanctions, which are directed at businesses based in "illegal settlements," it is believed will "increase the pressure for an end to the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories and the removal of the separation wall and illegal settlements." The Board of Deputies of British Jews and the Jewish Leadership Council (JLC) condemned the move.

Sources: jpost, 17 Sept. 2009; Guardian, 17. Sept. 2009; workersliberty, 21 Sept. 2009
Sept/Oct Harvard Paper Publishes Holocaust Denial Ad
   
In early September 2009, an ad questioning the Holocaust was published in the Harvard Crimson of Harvard University. Crimson president Maxwell L. Child said that the ad, which was paid for by Holocaust denier Bradley R. Smith and his Committee for Open Debate on the Holocaust, was run in error and claimed, "We do not endorse the views put forth in any advertisement." According to the Anti-Defamation League of New England, Bradley Smith placed ads in about 15 US college newspapers this year.

Sources: ynet.co.il, 10 Sept.2009
Sept/Oct Attempt to Boycott Toronto Film Festival
   
In early September 2009, Naomi Klein, a prominent figure on the radical left, helped organize a boycott of the Toronto International Film Festival for showing Israeli films. Prior to the start of the festival, a group of 50 intellectuals, artists and filmmakers had issued a proclamation stating the festival had become "complicit in the Israeli propaganda machine." Celebrities who signed it included Harry Belafonte, Viggo Mortensen and Julie Christie. Jane Fonda, an original signatory, later withdrew her name. However, Jerry Seinfeld, Natalie Portman, Sacha Baron Cohen and others countered with an ad supporting inclusion of Israeli films and opposing blacklists. The Toronto festival showed all ten Israeli films in the "City to City" program which marked the centenary of Tel Aviv. Canadian and American filmmakers lashed out at what they described an "outrageous" boycott.

Sources: haaretz.com, 16 Sept. 2009; UN Watch, 15 Sept. 2009; Washington Times, 5 Sept. 2009
Sept/Oct Irish Comic Performs Antisemitic Skit
   
At the Electric Picnic Arts Festival held in Ireland on 5 September 2009, Irish comedian Tommy Tiernan performed an antisemitic skit during which he called Jews "f…ing Christ-killing bastards" and said that he would have killed twice as many in the Holocaust as the Nazis did. Speaking from the pulpit, the Catholic Archbishop of Dublin said that Tiernan's rant was "offensive to all who feel revulsion concerning the Holocaust."

Sources: jta, 23 Sept. 2009; irishcentral.com, 24 Sept. 2009; antisemitism.org, 20 Sept. 2009
Sept/Oct Algerian Newspaper Claims International Organ-Trading Gang with Jewish/Israeli Links Arrested
   
The Algerian daily al-Khabar reported on September 6, 2009 that Interpol had arrested another international gang trading in human organs, and which, the paper claimed, had abducted Algerian children, smuggled them into Morocco and sold them to Israeli and American Jews for harvesting their organs. The gang was allegedly connected with that led by Israeli Rabbi Levi Yitzhaq Rosenbaum, whose members were arrested earlier in New Jersey for organ trading. ADL national director Abraham Foxman stated that "this is a new variation of the ancient blood libel."

Sources: JTA, 17 Sept. 2009; Al-Khabar, 6 Sept. 2009; Jerusalem Post, 14 Sept. 2009
Sept/Oct Turkish Series Arouses Fears among Local Jewish Community
   
On October 14, 2009, the Turkish state-controlled television station TRT 1 broadcast the first episode of a series titled Separation (Ayrilik), which depicted Israeli soldiers as murderers of innocent Palestinian children. Purporting to tell the story of the Palestinian people through a love and war story, it implied that Israelis saw themselves as a superior race and presented Israeli agents as scheming to establish a "Greater Israel." The Jewish community in Istanbul warned of a potentially dangerous future for Turkey's Jews, and Israeli Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman summoned the Turkish attache in Israel to protest the series.

Sources: Jerusalem Post, 16 Oct. 2009; Ha'aretz, 15 Oct. 2009; Ynet, 14 Oct. 2009
Sept/Oct Jewish School in Marseille Target of Incendiary Attack
   
Aerosol cans soaked with an inflammable liquid (Molotov cocktails) were thrown at the Jewish ORT Bramson High School in Marseille, on September 8, 2009. Nearly 400 students were present but no one was injured. Damage was caused to the fence and nearby cars.

Sources: CRIF, 8 Sept. 2009; ADL, 8 Sept. 2009; TF1 News, 8 Sept. 2009; leparisien.fr, 8 Sept. 2009
Sept/Oct French Intellectual Denies Problem of Antisemitism in France
   
French Jewish intellectual and economist and former advisor of President Francois Mitterand Jacques Attali, who took part in the Israeli Presidential Conference "Facing Tomorrow" held in October 2009 in Jerusalem, denied there is problem of antisemitism in France. According to Attali, while antisemitism exists in France, France is not an antisemitic country. Moreover, he does not believe there is a problem of antisemitism among the Muslim community. In response, Richard Prasquier, head of the CRIF (Conseil repr?sentatif des institutions juives de France), said that despite the government's attempts to fight antisemitism, in some places a climate of hatred and physical aggression against Jews was increasing. On October 21, CRIF published data on antisemitic acts carried out in France from 1998 to 2008, which completely negated Attali's declaration. In 2008, for example, 397 antisemitic acts were reported. On October 24, I-tele published the findings of the SPCJ (Jewish Community Protection Service) report for the first half of 2009, showing a total of 631 acts for that period. In January 2009 alone, during Operation Cast Lead, 360 antisemitic acts took place in France.

Sources: crif.org, 2 Oct., 21 Oct. 2009; ejpress.org, 20 Oct. 2009; Le Monde, 20 Oct. 2009; Ha'aretz, 16 Oct. 2009
August Ukrainian Jews Call for Investigation of Antisemitic Organization
   
In a letter addressed to the regional prosecutor on August 3, 2009, leaders of the Jewish community of Odessa requested an investigation of ZUBR (For Ukraine, Belarus and Russia) which publishes antisemitic articles on its website and in its other publications. It blames the Jews, inter alia, for plotting the Chernobyl disaster and using Christian or Muslim blood during the Jewish holidays of Purim and Passover.

Sources: jta.org, 5 Aug. 2009; AEN (Jewish News Agency), 3 Aug. 2009
August Dutch Journalist Links Jews to Bird Flu Outbreak
   
On August 8, 2009, De Telegraaf, the largest daily in the Netherlands, published an interview with Desiree Rover, a 61-year-old journalist, who linked the Jews to the H5N1 virus (bird flu), claiming that it was a conspiracy to reduce the world's population. She added that the conspiracy dated back to descendants of the Khazars, who converted to Judaism 1200 years ago. CIDI, the local antisemitism monitoring agency, was considering filing a complaint against the journalist.

Sources: Haaretz, 10 Aug. 2009; telegraaf.nl, 8 Aug. 2009
August Film Project Educates against Right-Wing Extremism
   
A film project against right-wing extremism organized by the Konrad Wolf University in Potsdam, the Landeszentrale fuer politische Bildung, and the "Tolerantes Brandenburg" project was presented to the public on August 4, 2009 in Potsdam. The five short scenes, especially directed at young adults, are intended to raise awareness of xenophobic, ultra-nationalist and other intolerant attitudes. The overall aim is to reduce the increasingly large number of votes received by right-wing parties such as the DVU or NPD in the state of Brandenburg, particularly among first-time voters.

Sources: shortnews.de, 5 Aug. 2009; hff-potsdam.de, 4 Aug. 2009
August Antisemitic Graffiti in Moldova
   
Antisemitic graffiti in Russian, such as "Death to the Jews" and "Jews=bitches," accompanied by swastikas, were painted on buildings and fences in Beltsy (Balti), Moldova, in early August 2009 for the first time in several years. The police opened an investigation. The Jewish community of Beltsy is the second largest in Moldova.

Sources: deca.md, 5 Aug. 2009; Hate Monitor Net, 8 Aug. 2009; CFCA, 9 Aug. 2009; AEN (Jewish News Agency), 6 Aug. 2009
August German Jewish Leader Supports Publication of Annotated Edition of Mein Kampf
   
The secretary general of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, Stephan J. Kramer, has lent his support to the publication of an annotated scholarly edition of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf. In an interview with the German 3Sat's TV program "Kulturzeit" on August 5, 2009, Kramer stated the importance of publishing such an edition on the Internet and said that the Zentralrat was willing to cooperate. Seventy years after Hitler's death, the rights to Mein Kampf, held by the Bavarian Finance Ministry, are due to expire on December 31, 2015. In Kramer's view, "a historically critical edition needs to be prepared today in order to prevent neo-Nazis profiting from the situation." Leading historians like Sir Ian Kershaw, of the University of Sheffield, also support the project. The state of Bavaria has prohibited the publication of Mein Kampf and is still refusing to lift the ban out of respect for Holocaust survivors and concern that right-wingers could exploit the work legally. Antisemitic commentaries on neo-Nazi Internet sites such as Stormfront accuse the Jews of wanting to become "the sole profiteers of a reworked, revised, and totally Jewish annotated perversion - excuse me, approved 'version' - of Mein Kampf. The disgustingness and chutzpah of the Jew knows no bounds."

Sources: maerkischeallgemeine.de, 29 July 2009; jta.org, 10 Aug. 2009; ejpress.org, 6 Aug. 2009; dradio.de, 24 April 2008; Haaretz, 17 Aug. 2009
August Australian Holocaust Denier Sentenced
   
On August 13, 2009, Australian Holocaust denier Fredrick Toben was sentenced to 3 months imprisonment by an Australian court due to his failure to comply with a previous court judgment in relation to antisemitic pamphlets published on the Adelaide Institute website. In the earlier judgment, former president of the Executive Council of Australian Jewry Jeremy Jones had attained a prohibition of the publication of antisemitic content by Toben. The sentence was thus not based on his denial of the Holocaust or incitement to hatred, but on his non-compliance with a preceding court order.

Sources: Jerusalem Post, 14 Aug. 2009; telegraph.co.uk, 14 Aug. 2009.; news.com.au, 13 Aug. 2009
August Accusation against Israel in Swedish Newspaper Arouses Furor
   
An op-ed published on August 17, 2009 in Sweden's largest daily Aftonbladet accused Israel of killing Palestinians in order to traffic in human organs. Alongside a gruesome photograph, the author, freelance journalist Donald Bostroem (Bostrom), quotes Palestinians as saying "They plunder the organs of our sons." To support his claims, Bostreom links them to an affair publicized in the US, whereby religious Jews, both in the US and Israel, were accused of trafficking in human organs. The Swedish daily Sydsvenskan accused Aftonbladet of concocting antisemitic conspiracy theories, while a spokesman of the Israel Foreign Ministry denounced the allegation as "racist hysteria at its worst." In response, the editor of Aftonbladet, Jan Helin, rejected all charges of antisemitism; Bostroem himself stressed that he has no proof that Israeli soldiers were stealing organs, and that the purpose of his article was to call for an investigation into the claims. Sweden's ambassador to Israel Elisabet Borsiin Bonnier condemned the article in a press release of August 19. A debate over the relevance of the refusal of the Swedish government to apologize for an article published in a newspaper, followed, largely on the Internet. On August 31, leaders of the US Helsinki Commission urged European foreign ministers to unequivocally denounce the article.

Sources: Haaretz, 19 Aug. 2000; Jerusalem Post, 19 Aug. 2009; Ynet News, 18 Aug. 2009; Aftonbladet, 17 Aug, 2009; Telegraph, 20 Aug. 2009; CNN.com Europe, 19 Aug. 2009; Jerusalem Post, 24 Aug. 2009
July Prestigious German Award Conferred on Anti-Zionist Israeli
   
On July 16, 2009, German President Horst Koehler awarded controversial Israeli human right lawyer Felicia Langer the prestigious Federal Cross of Merit, first class, for her "humanitarian work." Langer (79), who was born in Poland and moved to Israel in 1950, lives with her family in Tuebingen, Germany. The award to Langer - an anti-Zionist activist, who labels Israel an apartheid state, praises Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadenejad's anti-Israel attacks and suggested that Israeli leaders should be tried for war crimes in The Hague - has been applauded by anti-Zionists and sharply criticized by others. Dieter Graumann, vice president of the Central Council of German Jews in Germany (CCJG), said that honoring Langer would send "a fatal message, legitimizing her one-sided agitation against Israel." The American Jewish Committee asked President Koehler, in a letter of July 20, 2009, to reconsider the decision. Two prominent German Jewish intellectuals, Arno Lustiger and Ralf Giordano, are prepared to return their Federal Crosses of Merit, if Koehler decides not to strip Langer of the award.

Sources: achgut.com, 22 July 2009; honestlyconcerned.info, 20 July 2009; presstv.ir, 20 July 2009; monsterandcritics.com, 20 July 2009; jta.org, 20 July 2009; jpost.ocm, 22 July 2009; clemensheni.wordpress.com, 26 July 2009; jpost.com, 17 July 2009
July NGOs Urge Germany to Implement Resolution to Combat Antisemitism
   
On July 9, 2009, NGOs such as the Anne Frank Center, the Amadeu Antonio Foundation and the American Jewish Committee published a joint statement addressed to the government of Germany calling for the implementation of the November 2008 parliamentary resolution to combat antisemitism. They suggest setting up a 12-member committee of experts to oversee its implementation, including the promotion of Jewish life in Germany, pilot schemes to monitor and combat antisemitism, and pedagogic measures for enlightening society about antisemitism in the media and contemporary antisemitism in general.

Sources: annefrank.de, 9 July 2009; taz.de, 10 July 2009; jta.org, 10 July 2009
July Teaching Kit for Combating Antisemitism in Lithuania Launched
   
On July 2, 2009, the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), together with the Lithuanian Ministry of Education and Science, launched a kit of teaching materials on combating antisemitism to be used in Lithuanian secondary schools. The Lithuanian materials were developed by ODIHR, the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam, and experts from the Yiddish Institute at the Faculty of History at the Vilnius University. Teachers will attend a two-day seminar as part of the program. Similar kits were adopted previously in Germany and Poland.

Sources: osce.org, 2 July 2009
July Increased Surveillance of Neo-Nazis in Britain
   
According to a report in the British media on July 8, 2009, Commander Shaun Sawyer, from Scotland Yard's specialist operations wing, told the Muslim Safety Forum that senior officers had increased surveillance of neo-Nazis whom they suspected of planning to carry out "spectacular" attacks aimed at sparking a race war in the UK. British police have arrested more neo-Nazis than usual over the past few months. However, while neo-Nazis were emerging as a serious threat, al-Qa`ida remained the top priority of the security agencies, he said, adding that Islamist terrorism served as a role model for neo-Nazis.

Sources: haaretz.com, 10 July 2009; Daily Express, 8 July 2009
July Gravestones Desecrated in Czech Republic
   
Ten gravestones were broken at a historical Jewish cemetery near the village of Loucim, in the Czech Republic, in early July 2009.

Sources: CFCA, 5 July 2009
July Hungarian Guard Holds Illegal Demonstration
   
Two days after a court decision from July 2 ordering its dissolution, the neo-Nazi Hungarian Guard held an unauthorized demonstration with some 1000 participants near the old Jewish ghetto in Budapest. About 200 uniformed guardsmen formed the core of the demonstration. When the police used tear gas to disperse the crowd, the Guard responded by throwing projectiles and calling the police "filthy Jews." A total of 216 people were detained and 20 injured. The chairman of the extreme right-wing Jobbik party, Gabor Vona, was among those arrested.

Sources: jta.org, 5 July 2009; wonderland.cafebabel.com, 4 July 2009; romea.cz, 7 July 2009; ICare, 5 July 2009
July Australian Holocaust Denier Banned from Exhibition
   
Australian Federal Court Judge Anthony Besanco ruled on July 17, 2009 that it was not "appropriate" for Holocaust denier Frederick Toben to attend the Courage to Care exhibition in Horsham, Victoria, about those who risked their lives to save others during the Holocaust. The motion to restrict Toben was brought by Jeremy Jones, former president of the Executive Council of Australian Jews.

Sources: theaustralian, 18 July 2009; Australian Jewish news, 22 July 2009
July German Minister Urges Internet Providers to Remove Neo-Nazi Propaganda
   
On July 2, 2009, Germany's Minister of Justice Brigitte Zypries opened the Conference against the Distribution of Hate on the Internet in Berlin. She emphasized the urgency of curbing the distribution of neo-Nazi propaganda over the internet, quoting experts who stated that there were over 1600 German-language websites with xenophobic and racist content. Zypries also called on foreign internet providers to remove neo-Nazi content and symbols from websites, even though they were not illegal in their countries, and to adopt terms that would discourage hate on websites. Heinz Fromm, president of the Federal Office for the Defense of the Constitution, warned of the increasing effectiveness of the use of the internet to contact, recruit, influence and manipulate masses of people worldwide quickly and without major investment. The term "cyber mobilization" was used in this context to denote the building of networks that overcome geographical, as well as political frontiers and legal obstacles.

Sources: migazin.de, 10 July 2009; tagesschau.de, 21 July 2009; bmj.de, 9 July 2009; salon.com, 9 July 2009; verfassungsschutz.de, 9 July 2009
June Rise of Extreme Right in EU Parliamentary Elections
   
Out of a total of 375 million Europeans (in the 27 member states) with voting rights, only 43.01% cast their ballot for the EU parliamentary elections on June 4 and 7, 2009. The low turnout, combined with the economic recession, accounted to a large extent for the extreme right's gain of 8 seats from 2004. Some 10% of MEPs are now representatives of extreme right and anti-EU parties in the new European Parliament, as follows:

Finland: the Perussuomalaiset (True Finns) led by Timo Soini was the most successful among the northern EU member states (2 seats).
Denmark: the Danish People's Party (DPP), with candidate Morten Messerschmidt, more than doubled its vote to 15.9%.
UK: the British National Party (BNP) won two seats.
Netherlands: Geert Wilder's Freedom Party received 17%, obtaining 4 seats.
Greece: the Popular Orthodox Rally (LAOS), led by right-wing journalist Georgios Karatzaferis, doubled its representation to 2.
Italy: the anti-immigration Northern League doubled its representation from 4 to 8.
Austria: the Austrian Freedom Party (FPO) doubled its vote to 13.1%.
Hungary: the antisemitic, anti-Roma Jobbik received 14.8% of the vote; the right-wing conservative FIDESZ-MSPZ obtained 56.7%.
Romania: the Greater Romania Party (PRM) received 8.6%.
Slovakia: the Slovakian National Party, headed by Jan Slota, got one seat.

On the other hand, Belgium, France, Bulgaria and Poland experienced significant far right losses: none of Poland's former 16 extreme right MEPs were re-elected; support for the anti-minority National Union Attack decreased in Bulgaria; and in France, the extreme right-wing Front National (FN) lost four seats.



Sources: timesonline.co.uk, 18 June 2009; worthynews.com, 06 June 2009; politics.hu, 16 Feb. 2009
June Antisemitic Attack at US Holocaust Memorial Museum
   
James W. von Brunn, an 88-year-old white supremacist and Holocaust denier, entered the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, on June 10, 2009 and opened fire on museum visitors and security guards. Security guard Stephen T. Johns, 39, died of his injuries. Von Brunn, who served more than four years in prison in 1983 for kidnapping and assault, reportedly advocates various conspiracy theories involving Jews, blacks and other minority groups. On his website, HolyWesternEmpire.org, von Brunn describes the attack with pride. He is said to have acted on his own, but his attack should be considered a sign of radical hate drive violence, said Abraham Foxman, national director of the Anti-Defamation League, serving as "a painful reminder that antisemites and racists are still out there and are more then prone to act out on their belief." Following the shooting, von Brunn was lauded in posts to the forums of white supremacist and antisemitic websites, such as Stormfront and the neo-Nazi VNN (Vanguard News Network), as a warrior of the white race.

Sources: Washington Post, 11 June 2009; jpost.com, 20 June 2009; jta.org, 10 June 2009; ynet.co.il, 11 June 2009; ynet.co.il, 10 June 2009; forward.com, 11 June 20
June Jewish Sites Desecrated in Poland
   
The walls of the White Stork Synagogue (Synagoga Pod Bialym Bocianem) of Wroclaw were defiled on the night of June 13-14, 2009 with a swastika and the slogan Jude Raus (Jew out). Similar graffiti was found at the nearby Jewish Information Center, which had already been defaced earlier in the year with the catchphrase "Free Palestine." On June 16, an antisemitic inscription in Polish was found on the entrance sign of the Gdansk-Chelm Jewish cemetery. The inscription translates to "Jews to the oven, for this is your place." The recently restored Chelm cemetery is one of the oldest Jewish cemeteries in central Europe, dating back to 1694.

Sources: EJP, 1 June 2009; fodz.pl, 19 June 2009
June Obama Visits Buchenwald Concentration Camp Site
   
On 5 June, 2009, US President Barack Obama visited the site of the former Nazi concentration camp of Buchenwald in Germany. There he stated that the atrocities committed in the camp should serve as a reminder of the existence of evil in today's society and of humanity's responsibility to combat injustice and oppression. He also spoke of the need to fight against those who still deny the Holocaust, stressing that Buchenwald was "the ultimate rebuke to such thoughts."

Sources: nytimes.com, 06-June-2009; Huffington Post, 5 June 2009
June Holocaust Memorial in Budapest Desecrated
   
The Hungarian news agency MTI reported on June 16, 2009 that the 40m-long Holocaust memorial composed of 60 pairs of iron shoes along the Danube River bank in Budapest had been violated. Pigs trotters had been placed in some of the shoes, which symbolize the 40,000 Jews stripped, shot and thrown into the icy river to drown in 1944-45 by members of the Nazi-collaborating Arrow Cross. The Budapest police removed the offending objects and launched an investigation. The desecration follows the electoral success of the far right Jobbik party in the European Union parliamentary elections on June 7. Tamas Suchman, a prominent Socialist politician, called for a joint protest demonstration at the memorial by all major Hungarian political parties and democratic civil organizations to condemn the revival of antisemitism in Hungary.

Sources: ikg, 17 June 2009; http://www.vosizneias.com, 16 June 2009
June Brazil to Investigate Neo-Nazi Activity
   
On 2 June 2009, the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies established a special commission to investigate neo-Nazi activities. The decision follows the seizure by police of Nazi literature, knives and three homemade explosive devices on May 18, during an operation in five cities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. According to a police inspector, the bombs were to be used to attack at least two synagogues in the city of Porto Alegre. The commission will be headed by Jewish Congressman Marcelo Itagiba, who authored Bill 987 making Holocaust denial and other crimes against humanity racism offenses. The decision was praised by the Brazil Israelite Confederation.

Sources: jta.org, 7 June 2009; Jerusalem Post, 22. May 2009; Israel National News, 7 June 2009
June Growth of Prejudice in Northern Ireland
   
On June 17, 2009, the Equality Commission for Northern Ireland published a survey showing that the population of Northern Ireland was "becoming more prejudiced against people of different races and sexual orientations," especially Roma, gays, lesbians, bisexuals, migrant workers and the mentally ill. The survey was based on a representative sample of 1,071 adults. Nearly half the people questioned (51%) would mind a little or a lot having a "traveler" as a neighbor (10% increase from 2005), and over 23% would mind a gay, lesbian or bisexual person living next door, compared to 14% in 2005.

Sources: Equality Commission, 24 June 2009; Reuters, 24 June 2009
May Neo-Nazis Harass Holocaust Survivors at Mauthausen, Austria
   
On May 12, 2009, a gang of neo-Nazis shouted "Heil Hitler" and "This way to the gas" at 10 Italians during a memorial ceremony marking the anniversary of liberation at the former concentration camp of Mauthausen in Austria. They also fired plastic bullets at a group of French camp survivors, injuring some of them. Austrian Foreign Minister Michael Spindelegger strongly condemned these "unacceptable acts of provocation, which must not be tolerated." The leader of a gang who fired plastic bullets and verbally harassed Nazi camp survivors near Ebensee three days previously may be one of the suspects arrested. The police revealed that the perpetrators met regularly in the stone pits of Mauthausen for paramilitary training. If convicted, the perpetrators face up to 10 years in prison for public incitement and assault under the provisions of the Austrian Criminal Code.

Sources: austriantimes.at, 13 May 2009; dailymail.co.uk, 12 May 2009; vosizneias.com, 12 May 2009
May Iranian Paper Criticizes Holocaust Denial
   
In an article published on May 12, 2009, the reformist Iranian paper E`temad-e Melli, criticized the Iranian regime for denying the Holocaust in its struggle against the Zionist regime. It claimed that Israel alone benefited from Iran's blunders, since international pressure on its government was eased while its atrocities continued.

Sources: E`temadat-e Melli, 12 May 2009
May Pope Visits Israel: Condemns Antisemitism and Honors Holocaust Victims
   
As part of his Middle East pilgrimage, Pope Benedict XVI arrived in Israel on May 11, 2009. He began by strongly denouncing antisemitism and declaring that humanity must make every effort to avoid a crime like the Holocaust. "Sadly," he said, "antisemitism continues to rear its ugly head in many parts of the world. This is totally unacceptable." He also urged that every effort be made "to combat antisemitism wherever it is found, and to promote respect and esteem for members of every people, tribe, language and nation across the globe." In his speech at Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem, the Pope said: "I have come to stand in silence before this monument, erected to honor the memory of the millions of Jews killed in the horrific tragedy of the Shoah." Although the overall reception of the Pope in Israel was positive, his speech in Yad Vashem was criticized not because of what he said but because of what he did not say, namely, mention the murder of 6 million Jews.

Sources: Ha'aretz, 11 May 2009; Jerusalem Post, 11 May 2009 - (text of Pope's speech; Hagalil, 19 May 2009; Ha'aretz, 15 May 2009
May Rise in Holocaust Denial among Israeli Arabs
   
On May 17, 2009 Professor Sami Smooha of Haifa University released a poll on the attitude of Israeli Arabs toward the Holocaust and Israel; 700 Israeli Arabs took part. Accordingly, 40.5% of the respondents thought the Holocaust never took place, an increase from 28% in 2006. Smooha also found that 41% recognized the country's right to exist as a Jewish state (2005: 65.6%). According to Smooha, the increase in denial of the Holocaust signals a rising frustration among Arabs, who believe that recognizing the Holocaust provides justification for Israeli policies.

Sources: Haaretz, 17 May 2009; xinhuanet.com, 18 May 2009; New York Times, 18 May 2009; Globes, 18 May 2009
May Report Notes Rise in Antisemitism in Latin America during Gaza Operation
   
In May 2009, a joint forum of the Israeli Prime Minister's Office and the Jewish Agency published a report on the struggle against antisemitism in Latin America. According to the report, a considerable increase in antisemitic activities was reported from most Latin American states - mainly Venezuela, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Nicaragua and Mexico - during Israel's Cast Lead Operation in Gaza, December 2008-January 2009. Most antisemitic anti-Israel demonstrations were orchestrated by Muslim and Palestinian organizations together with local left-wing groups. The report predicts that radical Muslim communities and local left-wing organizations will continue to be the main centers of antisemitic and anti-Israeli incitement in years to come. The close relations of some countries in the region - especially Venezuela - with Iran might cause a deterioration in attitudes towards Israel and an increase in antisemitic manifestations. Similar findings noting a rise in antisemitic manifestations in all Latin American countries during the Gaza operation appeared in a report published by the Latin American Jewish Congress (CJL) in March 2009.

Sources: Jewish Agency for Israel, May 2009; CJL, March 2009
May ECRI Reports on Belgium, Germany and Slovakia Published
   
In the framework of its country-by-country monitoring work, on May 26, 2009 the ECRI (European Commission against Racism and Intolerance) published reports on racism and intolerance in Belgium, Germany and Slovakia. In Belgium the report found an improvement in the implementation of legislation against racial discrimination and racism, but noted that cases of discrimination still occur in employment, education and housing. In Germany, following the adoption of the General Equal Treatment Act (AGG), there has been an improvement in attitudes toward Muslims, but "racist, xenophobic and antisemitic attacks continue and support for parties expressing racist, antisemitic or revisionist views has increased." In Slovakia, discrimination against the Roma community in education, housing, employment and health continues. Despite some positive developments, Eva Smith, chair of the ECRI, declared there were "still grounds for concern."

Sources: Press Release of the COE, 26 May 2009
April Aladdin Project to Curb Holocaust Denial Launched
   
On March 27, 2009, under the auspices of the French government and UNESCO, the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah (Fondation pour la Memoire de la Shoah) held a conference in Paris to launch the Aladdin project - a new website to stem the spread of Holocaust denial in the Muslim world. The site will provide speakers of Arabic, Farsi, and Turkish with an accurate account of the history of the Holocaust, as well as information on Jewish religion, history, and culture. The Aladdin initiative, which seeks to promote an "intercultural dialogue based on rejection of Holocaust denial and racism," will include translations of books on the Holocaust and Jewish history, such as Primo Levi's If This Is a Man and Anne Frank's Diary. In addition to high-level representatives and dignitaries from Europe and the Arab and Muslim world, such as Senegalese President and Head of the Islamic Conference Organization Abdulaye Wade, former French President Jacques Chirac, King Muhammad VI's representative Ahmed Tawfiq, and Egyptian Minister of Culture Faruq Husni (a leading candidate to replace the current UNESCO director general), the conference was attended by well-known Arab intellectuals, such as Algeria's Muhammad Arkun and Tunisia's al-`Afif al-Akhdar. The Aladdin Project board includes former French, Indonesian, and Mauritanian Presidents Jacques Chirac, Abdurrahman Wahid, and Ely Ould Mohammed Vall, as well as Jordan's Prince Hassan Bin Talal and former German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder.

Sources: projetaladin, 27 March 2009; AP, 27.March 2009; AFP, 28. March 2009; eurojewcong.org, 30-Mar-2009; Maghreb Arabe Presse, 28 March 2009; Le Matin (Maroc), 28. March 2009; release of Mohammad VI, King of Morocco, 18 March 2009
April US Holocaust Denier Deported from Czech Republic
   
On April 24, 2004, Prague police arrested former US Ku Klux Klan leader and Holocaust denier David Duke for "promotion of movements seeking suppression of human rights." He was questioned and ordered to leave the country. Duke was invited by the local neo-Nazi National Resistance to lecture and promote his book "My Awakening." One of his lectures had been scheduled to take place at Charles University in Prague. The lecture can be downloaded on Duke's Internet site. Two other lectures were to have taken place in central Prague and in Brno. Duke's visit to the Czech Republic was condemned by Interior Minister Ivan Langer and Human Rights and Minorities Minister Michael Kocab. Denying or approving the Holocaust is a crime punishable by up to three years in prison in the Czech Republic.

Sources: ceskenoviny.cz, 24 April 2009; http://www.davidduke.com/, 2 May 2009; The Huffington Post, 4 May 2009; The Prague Post, 30 April 2009
April Germany's NDP Re-elects Party Chairman Voigt
   
On April 4-5, 2009, Germany's National Democratic Party (NPD) held its extraordinary federal party convention in the city hall of Reinickendorf, Berlin. Udo Voigt was re-elected chairman of the party by 62.5 percent (136 votes out of the 218 delegates present), winning the power struggle against Udo Pastoers, party chief of the Landtag in Mecklenburg Western-Pomerania, (72 votes). Voigt, who has been chairman of the NPD since 1996, thus retains his position. The Hamburg-based lawyer and Holocaust denier Juergen Rieger became vice chairman. Together with the Deutsche Volksunion (DVU), the NPD elected the balladeer Frank Rennicke, an icon of the extreme right-wing music scene, as their candidate for federal president. Some 700 people demonstrated against the convention during its sitting.

Sources: taz, 6 April 2009; Times of Malta, 6 April 2009; Juedisches Forum fuer Demokratie und gegen Antisemitismus, 6 April 2009; tagesspiegel.de, 6 April 2009; redok.de, 4 April 2009; berlinonline.de, 6 April 2009; sueddeutsche.de, 4 April 2009; images.zeit.de, 5 April 2009
April Synagogues in Virginia Defaced on Hitler's Birthday
   
During the weekend of April 18-19, 2009, several Jewish synagogues and other sites in Norfolk, VA, were defaced with antisemitic and racial messages. Police were investigating incidents in at least five locations. They believe the vandalism was connected to the 120th birthday of Adolf Hitler on April 20. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) strongly condemned the incidents.

Sources: upi.com, 19 April 2009 ; VIN News, 18 April 2009; virgina pilot, 24 April, 2009; ADL press release, 20 April 2009; dailypress.com; 19 April 2009
April Antisemitic Leaflet Posted on Ukraine Synagogue
   
On April 6, 2009 (two days before the Jewish holiday of Passover) an antisemitic leaflet was glued to the entrance door of a synagogue in Cherkassy, Ukraine, as well as on nearby buildings. The leaflet, entitled "Wierwolf" [Werwolf], called for the extermination of the Jews. The Jewish community filed a complaint and after the holiday the police informed them that a suspect had been detained.

Sources: jewish.ru, 22 April 2009, jewish.kiev.ua, 23 April 2009
April Antisemitism Findings for 2008/Early 2009
   
As in previous years, the Stephen Roth Institute held its annual press conference on the eve of Holocaust Memorial Day, April 20, 2009 (concurrent with the opening of Durban II in Geneva). Click for the following files:

Press release - English, Hebrew

General Analysis and Graphs



March Annual "Israel Apartheid Week" Held
   
Israel Apartheid Week (IAW) took place during the week of March 1-8 on college campuses in 27 cities worldwide. The aim of IAW is "to educate people about the nature of Israel as an apartheid system and to build Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) campaigns as part of a growing global BDS movement." Begun in Toronto in 2005, campuses in South Africa, the West Bank, Mexico, Scotland, Norway, Abu Dis, Berkeley, Bir Zeit, Edinburgh, Edmonton, Johannesburg, Oxford, Kalkilya, San Francisco, Soweto, Tulkarm and Washington DC have joined the movement. According to the IAW website, the focus of the 2009 week was Israel's "barbaric" assault on the people of Gaza, which only served to further confirm the "true nature of Israeli apartheid." The events were also aimed at expanding the BDS movement globally. Orna Hollander, head of the Canadian Center for Israel Activism, said that the events of the anti-Israel movement were intended to inspire opposition to the State of Israel by "applying the labels of Apartheid and Holocaust to the treatment of Palestinians by Israel."

Sources: jpost.com, 29 Jan. 2009; apartheidweek.org, 1 March 2009; jpost.com, 29 Jan. 2009
March Sudanese President Links International Court to "Zionist Plot"
   
Following its issuing of a warrant for his arrest on March 4, Omar al-Bashir, president of Sudan, branded the International Court of Justice in the Hague part of a "Zionist plot." Thousands of demonstrators took to the streets of Khartoum the next day, shouting insults against the US, the UK, the Jews and the supreme judge of the International Court, Luis Moreno-Ocampo. Bashir is accused of war crimes in Darfur.

Sources: IKG Portal, 6 March 2009
March EU Agency Issues Report on Antisemitism
   
In March, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) issued its report "Antisemitism - Summary Overview of the Situation in the European Union 2001 - 2008," the 5th update of the 2004 report "Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU." Also included is data on antisemitic incidents that occurred in early 2009 during Israel's Cast Lead Operation in Gaza. According to FRA director, Morton Kjaerum, while the number of antisemitic incidents in the EU declined during 2007 and most of 2008, it rose again with the outbreak of the war in December 2008. While it was too early to draw conclusions, he said, there were indications that the global financial crisis was also responsible for the increase.

Sources: fra.europa.eu, 2 March 2009
March Jewish Community Center in California Vandalized
   
The Chabad Jewish Community Center on Arlington Avenue in Riverside, California, was vandalized late Thursday March 26. Antisemitic graffiti reading "Achtuing Juden" (Warning, Jews!) accompanied by swastikas was smeared in purple on the windows. The center and the Anti-Defamation League were offering a $1,000 reward for information.

Sources: Riverside County, 27 March 2009
Feb. Bomb in Ukrainian Synagogue
   
On February 2, 2009 a time bomb was found and neutralized in the basement window of a synagogue belonging to the Progressive Jewish Community in Lutsk, Ukraine. The timer was set to an hour when many people would have been in the synagogue. It was "no less than a terrorist act directed against all citizens of Ukraine," said a spokesperson of the Ukrainian Jewish Committee the following day.

Sources: jta.org, 3 Feb. 2009; UCSJ, 3 Feb. 2009; AEN (Jewish News Agency), 03 Feb. 2009.; Shturem, 4 Feb. 2009; jta.org, 5 Feb. 2009
Feb. British Civil Servant Arrested for Antisemitic Outburst
   
Rowan Laxton (46), head of the South-East Asia department of the British Foreign Office, was arrested following an antisemitic tirade in a London gym on January 27, 2009. He reportedly shouted "F---g Jews, f---g Israelis!" while watching a television report on the Israeli attack on Gaza, and continued ranting even after he was asked to stop. Laxton was arrested for the offense of inciting religious hatred, which can carry a seven-year prison term. He was released on bail and scheduled to appear at a central London police station at the end of March 2009. Foreign Office Minister Gillian Merron told members of Parliament on February 27 that Laxton had been suspended from his job at the Foreign Office and would face disciplinary proceedings.

Sources: ha'aretz.com, 27 Feb. 2009; worldjewishcongress.org, 10 Feb. 2009; timesonline.co.uk, 09 Feb. 2009
Feb. France Recognizes Vichy Regime's Responsibility for Deportations in WWII
   
On February 16, 2009, France's highest judicial body, the Council of State, formally recognized the responsibility of the Vichy Regime for having collaborated with Nazi Germany and aided in the deportation of about 76,000 Jews from German-occupied northern France to concentration camps. Only 2,566 survived. The legal proceedings were initiated by a woman who requested compensation for the death of her mother in Auschwitz and her own suffering during the occupation. The Council found that the government of Nazi-occupied France at the time held responsibility for the deportations. "The actions and deeds of the Vichy regime were faults for which it was responsible," it pronounced. Compensation for deportees or their families was ruled out, however, since it had been given since 1945.

Sources: worldjewishcongress.org, 17 Feb. 2009; france24.com, 17 Feb. 2009; dailymail.co.uk, 16 Feb. 2009; Ha'aretz, 17 Feb. 2009
Feb. German Die Linke Candidate Calls for Boycott of Israeli Goods
   
Hermann Dierkes, candidate of the Left (Die Linke) for the mayoral office of Duisburg, called on February 18, 2009 for a boycott of Israeli products. In response, Guenter Reichwein, president of the German-Israel Society asked Die Linke to investigate the boycott call and to clarify whether Dierkes was still acceptable as a candidate. Werner Jurga, vice president of the German-Israel Society, charged Dierkes with antisemitism, stating that the appeal to boycott Israeli merchandise was reminiscent of the Nazi slogan, "Germans, do not buy from Jews." Dierkes explained that as a leftist he would always fight against antisemitic manifestations (from the right) and that his appeal to boycott Israeli goods, stemmed from the guidelines issued by the World Social Forum on boycotts. On February 26, Dierkes withdrew his candidacy and repeated, in an open letter to friends and comrades, his accusations against Israel, labeling its politics undemocratic and murderous.

Sources: Jerusalem Post, 27 Feb. 2009; ksta.de, 24 Feb. 2009; rp-online.de, 25 Feb. 2009; israelnetz.com, 24 Feb. 2009; derwesten.de, 26 Feb. 2009; jungewelt.de, 27 Feb. 2009; presseportal.de, 26 Feb. 2009
Jan. Venezuelan Synagogue Ransacked
   
On the night of Friday January 30, 2009, the Tiferet synagogue in Mariperez, Caracas, was attacked, its security guards tied up, and its property desecrated. Antisemitic slogans such as "Jews out of here" and "Damn the Jews" were scrawled on the walls of the office, Torah scrolls thrown on the floor, safety boxes broken into, and computers and documents stolen. The attackers numbered around 15 and appeared well-organized. They disabled security cameras and reportedly spent five hours ransacking the premises. A week earlier the building was sprayed with graffiti linking the swastika to the Star of David.

"This is an attack of an antisemitic nature," said Elias Farache of the Venezuelan Israelite Association. "The climate is very tense. We feel threatened, intimidated, attacked." The government issued a statement saying those responsible would be brought to justice and calling on all Venezuelans to condemn the attack. Jews had no reason to feel insecure, it said. A pro-government website that ran an article urging a boycott of Venezuelan Jewish businesses and verbal confrontations with Jewish people was removed after protests. Leaders of the 15,000 member Jewish community have complained that denunciations of Israel by President Hugo Chavez may have encouraged the incident. Chavez condemned it and suggested that his adversaries who portray his regime as antisemitic might be behind the violence. The Jewish leadership called the attack the worst ever on their community in Venezuela and the ADL described it as "a modern day Kristallnacht."



Sources: El Nacional, 31 Jan. 2009; Ha'aretz, 1 Feb. 2009; CNN.com, 1 Feb. 2009; Guardian, 3 Feb. 2009; Associated Press, 3 Feb. 2009
Jan. Antisemitic Manifestations in Holland
   
At least four Dutch synagogues were targeted during Israel's three-week Operation Cast Lead against Hamas militants in the Gaza Strip. In Amsterdam a house was torched, and antisemitic slogans and the word "Jood" were daubed in yellow paint on the windows. A Molotov cocktail was thrown at a building housing a synagogue in Amsterdam during the weekend of January 16-17, 2009. The week before, the windows of the synagogue in Haaksbergen were smashed and the synagogue in Arnhem was set alight, reported Ronnie Naftaniel of the Israel Information and Documentation Center (CIDI). In addition, demonstrators at anti-Israel protests shouted slogans of "Hamas, Hamas, Jews to the gas." During an anti-Israel demonstration in The Hague, ten people wearing clothes adorned with swastikas and chanting antisemitic slogans were arrested. On January 23, following the request of the Jewish community for more protection, Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende admitted that their "feelings of unease" required attention.

Sources: nisnews.nl, 20 Jan. 2009; cidi.nl, 23 Jan, 2009; ikg, 27 Jan. 2009; De Telegraaf, 18 Feb. 2009
Jan. Norwegian Diplomat Compares Israel's Gaza Operation to Holocaust
   
In an e-mail with the subject "Holocaust Survivors," circulated from the account of the Norwegian Foreign Ministry, on January 19, 2009, Trine Lilleng, first secretary at the Norwegian embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, equated Israel's offensive against Hamas in Gaza with the systematic mass murder of six million Jews by the Nazis. Consisting of black-and-white pictures from the Holocaust placed next to color images of Operation Cast Lead, Lilleng's accompanying message read: "I always wondered why they [Holocaust survivors] didn't learn anything from the horror during WWII. Now I see what they learnt." The Oslo-based Center against Anti-Semitism in Norway filed an official complaint with Norwegian Foreign Minister Jonas Gahr St?re, stating that it was appalled by the distribution of "clearly antisemitic propaganda" by a ministry official and claiming that Norway's Foreign Affairs Ministry was "contributing to the intensification of antisemitic tendencies, which lately have been quite visible in the Norwegian media, and which have been reproved by both us and by international experts." "That a Norwegian Foreign Ministry official is disseminating such distortions is appalling and smacks of antisemitism," added a Yad Vashem spokesperson.

The Norwegian Foreign Ministry expressed regret for the "misunderstanding," stating that Lilleng had violated ministry policy. "The content of the e-mail in question does not represent the opinion of the Foreign Ministry in terms of the conflict in the Middle East," Norwegian Foreign Ministry spokesman Haakon Fvane said in a telephone statement from Oslo. "The responsibility for the e-mail lies solely with the sender."



Sources: Jerusalem Post, 21 Jan. 2009; The American Apologist, 22 Jan. 2009; The Gazette, 31 Jan. 2009
Jan. South African Deputy Minister's Jewish Conspiracy Theory
   
On January 14, 2009, during Israel's Operation Cast Lead in Gaza, South Africa's Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Fatima Hajaig of the ruling ANC, who is known for her anti-Israel views, told a pro-Palestinian rally in Johannesburg that Jews controlled America "no matter which government comes into power, whether Republican or Democratic, whether Barack Obama or George Bush… The control of America, just like the control of most Western countries, is in the hands of Jewish money… If the Jewish money controls their country, then you cannot expect anything else." Channel Islam International aired Hajaig's antisemitic comments as part of its rally coverage. David Saks, of the South Africa Jewish Board of Deputies, said that this was the worst Jew-baiting from a senior government representative in 50 years. The Board has lodged a complaint of hate speech against Hajaig with the country's Human Rights Commission.

Responding to concerns about threats to Jews in South Africa during Israel's military operation, President Kgalema Motlanthe met with Jewish community leaders in order to assure them that everything would be done to ensure their safety.

In a release issued on February 3, Hajaig said: "To the extent that my statement may have caused hurt and pain, I offer an unequivocal apology for the pain it may have caused to the people of our country, and the Jewish community in particular."



Sources: jta.org, 26 Jan. 2009; Jerusalem Post, 29 Jan. 2009; forecasthighs.com, 29 Jan. 2009; Dispatch Online, 30 Jan. 2009; zionism-israel.com, 2 Feb. 2009; thetimes.co.za, 3 Feb. 2009
Jan. Anger at Pope`s Revocation of Excommunication Order
   
At a ceremony held on January 24, 2009, Pope Benedict XVI revoked the 1988 excommunication of four schismatic bishops, all members of the Society of St. Pius X, founded by French Archbishop Marcel Lefebre in 1970 in protest against the reforms of the Second Vatican Council (1965). One of the bishops is Richard Williamson, known for his Holocaust denying views. Only three days earlier, Williamson had said during an interview with Swedish television that "there were no gas chambers" and "only" up to 300,000 Jews were killed in Nazi camps. Monseigneur Bernard Fellay, the Superior of the Society, issued a release on January 27, asking the pope and "all men of good will" to pardon Williamson's Holocaust denying statements. Two days later, in an interview with the Italian newspaper La Tribuna di Treviso, Fr. Floriano Abrahamowicz, another leader of the Society, questioned whether the Nazis used gas chambers for anything other than "disinfection," and claimed that people who held revisionist views on the Holocaust were not antisemites. Abrahamowicz, also referred to Jews as "a people of deicide."

Jewish leaders around the world condemned the revocation decree. In response, Pope Benedict XVI pledged his "full and indisputable solidarity" with the Jewish people and recalled the deaths of "millions of Jews" in Nazi concentration camps.

State prosecutors in Regensburg, Germany, have opened a preliminary investigation into whether Williamson violated German laws against Holocaust denial since he spoke to Swedish state TV while in Germany. Gerhard Ludwig Mueller, the Catholic bishop of Regensburg, which is also the pope's home city, declared Williamson persona-non-grata in his diocese.

Two days after German Chancellor Angela Merkel, too, questioned the pope's decision, the Vatican, which is facing the greatest controversy since the accession of Benedict XVI, called on Williamson to recant his views. In a statement issued on February 5, the Vatican also said that the pope was unaware of Williamson's opinions and that in order for the Society of St. Pius X to be fully reconciled with the Vatican, it must accept the reforms of the Second Vatican Council, which include the Church's renunciation of antisemitism.



Sources: News Blaze, 24 Jan. 2009; jta.org, 25 Jan. 2009; New York Times, 25 Jan. 2009; Times Online, 26 Jan. 2009; newsmax.com, 26 Jan. 2009; La Tribuna di Treviso, 29 Jan. 2009; National Catholic Reporter, 29 Jan. 2009; Spiegel Online, 24 Jan. 2009; Boston Globe, 6 Feb. 2009

2008


Dec. Antisemitic Manifestations in Arab and Muslim World in Wake of Israel's Gaza Operation
   
Official reactions to Israel's Cast Lead Operation in Gaza, launched on December 27, 2008, were mixed in the Arab and Muslim world, reflecting the rift between moderate regimes critical of Hamas and radical ones identifying with it. The former lent muted support to the Israeli action, while the latter called for a third intifada and jihad against Israel, as well as an uprising against "treacherous" Arab regimes. Popular demonstrations and rallies of support with the Palestinian people swept most Arab and Muslim countries, with participants denouncing the Israeli operation and burning the Israeli flag. In Turkey fans carrying banners urging "Death to the Jews" threatened to attack an Israeli basketball team, causing cancellation of the match, while in Jordan parliamentarians called for severing ties with Israel. Arab and Muslim newspapers and websites expressed similar outrage. Although they also reflected the approach of their respective regimes, most articles perceived the Israeli operation as "a mark of disgrace on humanity's forehead" (al-Quds al-'Arabi, Dec. 29, 2008) and many verged on blatant antisemitism, using Holocaust terminology to describe the Israeli attack. For example, Jordan's al-Dustur and the Hamas' mouthpiece Palestine Times defined the operation as "Zionist Nazi aggression" and an "Israeli Holocaust," while Syria's al-Thawra and Tishrin described it as "ethnic cleansing" and a "war of annihilation," and accused Israel of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Sources: www.electronicintifada.net; Tishrin, 28, 29 Dec. 2008; al-Islam al-Yawm, 28 Dec. 2008; al-Ahram, al-Quds al-'Arabi, 29 Dec. 2008; al-Thawra, 28, 29 Dec. 2008, 1 Jan. 2009; al-Dustur, 29, 30 Dec. 2008, 1 Jan. 2009; al-Jumhuriyya, 1 Jan. 2009; MEMRI, Special Dispatch, no. 2167, 31 Dec. 2008, no. 2171, 1 Jan. 2009; www.hizballah.tv/essaydetails.php?eid=12325&cid=207; Pakistan Daily, 4 Jan.; Ha'aretz, 7 Jan. 2009
Dec. Antisemitic Manifestations in Europe in Wake of Israel`s Gaza Operation
   
Europe has witnessed an upsurge in antisemitic manifestations since the launching of Israel's Cast Lead Operation in Gaza on January 27, 2008. Violent antisemitic attacks, including armed assault on individuals and arson attempts on synagogues, have been reported in France, Belgium, Sweden, Britain and Denmark, among others. Dr. Desire Amsellem, a prominent member of the Jewish community in Valenton, a suburb of Paris, died after being shot in the chest, on January 2. Three days later, a car packed with explosives rammed the gates of a synagogue in Toulouse, causing a fire, but no injuries. No suspects have been arrested to date in either incident. Synagogues in Belgium, Britain and Sweden suffered similar attacks. In the largely Jewish suburb of Golders Green, London, a gang walked the streets shouting "Jews" and "Free Palestine," while Jewish sites throughout Europe were defaced with graffiti reading "Murders/Assassins" and other such slogans. Islamic extremists in the UK, among other countries, published "hit lists" targeting prominent Jewish personalities. At anti-Israel demonstrations all over Europe Israel - and often Jews - was frequently equated with blood-thirsty Nazis. Many newspapers and Internet sites, including mainstream ones, carried a similar message, often through cartoons. In response, Jews in many countries, including Belgium, the Netherlands, the UK, Germany, Austria and Italy, have held, or plan to hold demonstrations in support of Israel.

Sources: Ha`aretz online, 1 Jan. 2009; Times online, 6 Jan. 2009; Jerusalem Post online, 7 Jan. 2009; Z-Word Blog, 7 Jan. 2009; The Sun online, 7 Jan. 2009; foxnews.com, 8 Jan. 2009, and many others
Dec. Controversy in German Academia over Equation of Antisemitism with Islamophobia
   
On December 8, 2008, the conference "Enemy Concept: Muslim - Enemy Concept: Jew" was held at the Center for Research of Antisemitism (ZfA) at the Technical University of Berlin. Prior to the opening, the director, Prof. Wolfgang Benz, was criticized for allegedly equating antisemitism with so-called islamophobia. According to Matthias Kuentzel, a Hamburg-based political scientist who specializes in Islamic antisemitism, creating a link between enemies of Jews and enemies of Islam involves thought patterns well known "from the history of antisemitism," thus undermining the fight against Islamic antisemitism. The one-day conference, which focused on comparing the ways in which German society marginalizes Muslims and Jews, triggered debates over the differences between antisemitism and islamophobia and the reality of the Iranian threat to the existence of Israel and how it should be treated by researchers of antisemitism. The Center's 2008 yearbook was also criticized for similar reasons. Prof. Benz rejected the accusations as ridiculous and unfounded and strongly repudiated claims of trivialization of the Holocaust.

Sources: Wall Street Journal, Dec. 7, 2008; tagesspiegel, 6 Dec. 2008; achgut.com, 4, 9 Dec. 2008; eussner.net, 9 Dec. 2008; engageonline, 8 Dec. 2008; Jerusalem Post, 10 Dec. 2008
Dec. Egyptian Liberals Accused of Antisemitism
   
In an article published in the Wall Street Journal on December 1, 2008, Amr Bargisi, a Cairo-based writer, claimed that there were few places like the Egyptian media where Jews were blamed for so many of the world ills; moreover, the most distressing aspect was that much of the pointing was being done by Egypt's self-proclaimed liberals. According to Bargisi, on October 3, the new liberal Egyptian weekly al-Yawm al-Sabi' re-printed an Anti-Defamation League press release from the previous day entitled "Surge in Antisemitic Messages on Online Finance Sites," under the title "Jews Are the Principal Suspect in the Financial Crisis." Bargisi also mentioned a column purporting to demonstrate that "Jews were merely manipulating the stock market as they had the price of gold in the late 1970's," published by the chief editor of al-Wafd, the mouthpiece of Egypt's leading liberal party. Two weeks later, Bargisi said, al-Misri al-Yawm, Egypt's largest independent newspaper, ran a column entitled "The Jewish Conspiracy," in which Khayri Ramadan claimed that the collapse of Lehman Brothers brokerage house could be compared to the events of September 11 when thousands of Jews allegedly did not go to work at the World Trade Center. These examples, concludes Bargisi, expose the falsehood that hatred of Jews is not one of the great motivating factors in the Arab world's overall objection to Israel.

Sources: al-Wafd, 11 Oct. 2008; al-Masry al-Yawm, 26 Oct. 2008; al-Yawm al-Sabi', 2 Dec. 2008; al-Yawm al-Sabi', 3 Oct. 2008
Dec. Muslim and Jewish Graves Desecrated in France
   
On December 7, 2008, the eve of the Islamic Eid al-Adha feast, about 500 Muslim and 20 Jewish gravestones, some of war veterans, at the Notre-Dame-de-Lorette cemetery in Arras were defaced with swastikas and anti-Islam slogans. The police opened an investigation. President Sarkozy and the European Jewish Congress condemned the incident.

Sources: ejpress.org, 8 Dec. 2008; eurojewcong.org, 9 Dec. 2008
Dec. South African President Criticized for Signing Anti-Israel Petition
   
The South African Zionist Federation strongly criticized President Kgalema Motlanthe, in early December 2008, for signing a petition equating Israeli policy with apartheid. The petition, entitled "We fought against apartheid; we see no reason to celebrate it in Israel now," appeared in the Mail & Guardian of November 21, 2008 and carried over 120 signatures of public figures.

Sources: eurojewcong.org, 4 Dec. 2008; Jerusalem Post, 26 Nov. 2008; supernatural blog 23, 3 Dec. 2008
Nov. Jewish Film Boycotted in Tunis
   
The Secret, a recent film of Jewish French filmmaker Claude Miller, about the shattered life of a Jewish family in occupied France, opened the Tunis European Film Festival on November 20, 2008. Screening of the film aroused controversy in the Arab media, mainly because it deals with the period of the Holocaust. According to al-Jazeera, many locals boycotted the film, considering it an "exaggerated expression of solidarity with the Jews." One interviewee even accused the festival's European sponsors of being under Jewish control. Others wondered why a film about the torture of Jews during the Holocaust was being screened while Gaza was under siege. Nonetheless, some like film critic Khamis al-Khayyati opposed the attack on the film, claiming that the Holocaust was a real historic event that had nothing to do with the situation in Gaza.

Sources: Filastin, 22 Nov.; www.aljazeera.net, 23 Nov.; www.alarabiya.net, 28 Nov. 2008.
Nov. Anti-Nazi Exhibit in Berlin Destroyed
   
On November 12, 2008, approximately 1000 school pupils and left-wing activists destroyed an anti-Nazi exhibition called "Betrayed and Sold", about the plundering of Jewish businesses under the Nazis, held in the lobby of Humboldt University (HV) in Berlin. The demonstrators entered the university to protest against the politics of education in Germany. In a press release issued on November 14, the BAK Shalom left-wing youth initiative against antisemitism and anti-Zionism sharply criticized the passivity of other demonstrators who did not intervene to stop the culprits. Police are investigating an antisemitic motive or the possibility that the exhibition was destroyed accidentally. Peter-Michael Haeberer, head of the State Office of Criminal Investigation, told the Berliner Morgenpost that he believed the pupils had probably intended to attack the exhibit. Humboldt University President Christoph Markschies also reported that he heard some of them shout anti-Israel slogans. The president charged a group of hardcore leftists called the "Black Block" with concealing their hatred toward Jews (antisemitism) behind anti-Zionism.

An open letter written by the students' alliance, Bildungsblockaden einreissen ("Tear down educational blockades"), regretted the incident, offered help with reconstruction of the exhibit, and at the same time repudiated accusations of antisemitism. Lee Hielscher of the alliance explained to the press: "Of course, everything can get damaged if such a big crowd storms a building. This wasn't antisemitic. Some people just gave free rein to their frustration about the education system."



Sources: worldjewishcongress.org, 14 Nov. 2008; bild.de, 15 Nov. 2008; BAK Shalom, 14 Nov. 2008; jta.org, 13 Nov. 2008
Nov. Hungarian Right-Wing Extremist Sets Up Headquarters in UK
   
The British daily The Sun of November 10, 2008 reported that Zoltan Fuzessy, vice-president of the extreme right-wing Hungarian Jobbik movement, has secretly set up the headquarters of the organization at his home in Gravesend, Kent, from where he operates a website, jobbik.com, which is filled with antisemitic and Holocaust denial comments. Zoltan responded that his party is "radical but patriotic, not nationalist. Millions in Hungary support us. Those who call us Nazi are just Communists." Jobbik, labeled by Hungary's Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsany "the shame of Hungary" has a paramilitary unit, whose members wear black uniforms like Hitler's SS troops, and has close ties to the British National Party.

Sources: The Sun, 10 Nov. 2008; Telegraph, 10 Nov. 2008
Nov. Antisemitic Headline in Greek Daily
   
A headline in the Greek mainstream daily Avriani of November 4, 2008, read: "The Anticipated Victory of Obama in the US Elections Signals the End of Jewish Domination. Everything is changing in the US and we hope that it will be more democratic and humane." The paper was criticized by the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) and American Jewish Committee (AJC), Director David Harris accused it of drawing on "classic antisemitic canards."

Sources: ADL, 6 Nov. 2008; European Jewish Congress, 7 Nov. 2008; AJC, 4 Nov. 2008
Nov. Belgian Right-Wing Extremist Leader under Investigation for Violating Holocaust Denial Law
   
Belgian national television screened a video, on November 5, 2008, showing extreme right-wing senator Michel Delacroix, head of the National Front, singing a song about a Jewish girl being killed in Dachau concentration camp. Delacroix was forced to resign his chairmanship of the party and the prosecutor's office is investigating whether there are grounds for removing Delacroix' parliamentary immunity under Belgium's law against denying the Holocaust. The blind leader of the National Front said that he could not remember having sung the song. On November 14, it was reported that le Mouvement contre le racisme, l'antisemitisme et la xenophobie (MRAX) had decided to press charges against Delacroix.

Sources: haaretz.com, 8 Nov. 2008, ap.google.com, 8. Nov. 2008; euronews.net, 6. Nov. 2008; 7sur7.be, 14 Nov. 2008
Nov. Australian Holocaust Denier Detained in London
   
On October 1, 2008, Gerald Fredrick Toben, a 64 year old Australian citizen and Holocaust denier, was arrested upon his arrival at Heathrow airport in London under an EU warrant issued by Germany. Toben is wanted by the district court in Mannheim for publishing and distributing antisemitic and Holocaust denial material on the Internet, a punishable crime in Germany. Toben already served 7 months in a German prison after being convicted of inciting to racism and Holocaust denial in 1999. In 2006 Toben attended the International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust in Tehran, where he stated that those who believed in the gas chambers displayed "an appalling state of ignorance of natural and chemical processes." The arrest in Britain initiated a debate between those who think Toben should be extradited to Germany and those who say that this would conflict with Britain's tradition of free speech. Liberal Democratic MP Chris Huhne asked for the case to be dropped as Toben had not violated British law. In November 2008 a London court ruled that the warrant used to arrest Toben while he was in transit from the US to Dubai was invalid because it did not provide enough detail. He was granted bail following that ruling, but had to remain in Britain until the case was heard in the High Court. He was released from custody at Wandsworth Prison on November 20.

Sources: deutschewelle, 2 Oct. 2008; ynetnews, 1 Oct. 2008; telegraph.co.uk, 05 Oct. 2008; The Australian, 21 Nov. 2008; Times online, 20 Nov. 2008
Oct. Wall Street Collapse Reportedly Sparks Wave of Antisemitism
   
The Wall Street meltdown has triggered an upsurge of antisemitism, according to the Anti-Defamation League (ADL). The organization stated that references such as "Jew World Order" appeared not only on neo-Nazi or white supremacist websites but also on Yahoo blogs. Among the canards were "Jews have infiltrated Wall Street and government and have ruined our country."

One widely circulated conspiracy theory suggested that "$400 billion in funds was secretly transferred to Israeli banks" just prior to the collapse of Lehman Brothers and other major investment banks.



Sources: nydailynews, 2 October 2008; ADL, October 2, 16, 2008
Oct. Look to "Protocols" to Explain World Economic Crisis, Says Jordanian Columnist
   
The world economic crisis has triggered a wave of antisemitic articles in the Arab world. In a piece published in the Jordanian daily al-`Arab al-Yawm on October 14, 2008, Mufiq Muhadin, who is known for his antisemitic statements, claimed that even if some doubt exists regarding the veracity of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, it should be read nowadays in light of the worldwide economic crisis. Muhadin points to specific protocols dealing with financial and economic affairs, such as the third protocol entitled "Global economic crisis and the (Jewish) clandestine organization." He also emphasized that "global Judaism was the first to gain control over the cash and banking global movement," since the Jews used to lend money with interest. The first to discuss this, he said, was Karl Marx.

Sources: al-`Arab al-Yawm, 14, 25, 26, 29 October 2008; Filastin, 7 October 2008; al-Watan, 22 October 2008; al-Bayan, 22 October, 2008
Oct. Antisemitic Cartoon in Saudi Newspaper
   
On October 11, 2008, the Saudi daily al-Watan published an antisemitic cartoon by Jihad 'Awartani, in which a stereotypical Orthodox Jew (bulging eyes, prominent nose and ears), with a Star of David pinned to his hat holds two dolls, one in each hand, representing the candidates for the United States election - Senator John McCain and Senator Barack Obama. The message conveyed is that no matter who wins the elections, Jews are the ones behind the scenes controlling the United States.

Sources: al-Watan, 11 October 2008
Oct. Antisemitic Incident during US School Event
   
In mid-October 2008 the Parkway West Middle School in Chesterfield, St. Louis, Missouri held a "Hug a Friend Day" among sixth graders. The event degenerated from friendly to silly, such as "Hit a Tall Person Day," and finally descended to "Hit a Jew Day." At least four students face punishment for allegedly hitting Jewish classmates. In one case, a Jewish student was slapped in the face. District officials said that the students involved could face suspension and required counseling.

Sources: Ha'aretz, 23 October 2008; FoxNews.Com, 25 October 2008
Oct. Extreme Right Militia Holds Ceremony in Central Budapest
   
Some 500 supporters watched an oath-taking ceremony of about 400 uniformed new members of the extreme right wing paramilitary militia Hungarian Guard, on October 25, 2008, at Heroes Square in Budapest. Legal proceedings to dissolve the Hungarian Guard were initiated on March 12, 2008 by the chief prosecutor, on the instructions of the justice minister. The purpose of the judicial investigation is to determine whether the group is violating the law on political organization prohibiting infringement of the rights or freedoms of others. Much of the controversy centers on the Guard's campaign against what it calls "gypsy crime." If the court finds the group guilty of violating the law, it could be disbanded.

Sources: politics.hu, romea.cz, 12 March 2008; Hagalil.com, 26 October 2008; Z-Word Blog, 27 October 2008
Sept. Holocaust Monument in Moldova Desecrated
   
On the night of September 6, 2008 swastikas, slogans such as "Death to the Yids," "The Holocaust is a Myth" and "Why have Jews more rights than Russians?" were painted on the Holocaust memorial in Bendery, Moldova. The monument was erected in 2002 in memory of local Jews who were murdered during the Holocaust.

Sources: jewish.ru, 09 Sept. 2008; jewish.kiev.ua, 12 Sept. 2008; newsmoldova.ru, 12 Sept. 2008
Sept. Ex-Beatle McCartney Threatened over Planned Visit to Israel
   
According to a report published on September 14. 2008 in the London Daily Express, Muslim Sheikh Omar Baqri Muhammad threatened to target ex-Beatle Paul McCartney with a suicide bombing if he carried out his plan to perform in Israel later in the month. Bakri, preaching in a weekly Internet broadcast from Lebanon where he lives in exile from Britain, also warned that "if you [McCartney] speak about the Holocaust and its authenticity never being proved historically in the way the Jewish community portrays it, people will arrest you."

Sources: NRG, 15 Sept. 2008; Daily Express, 14 Sept. 2008; Ha'aretz, 14 Sept. 2008
Sept. Jews Beaten in Ukraine
   
Chief Rabbi of Vinnitsa (Ukraine) Shaul Horovitz, his 3-year-old son and a guest from Canada were attacked by a gang in the center of the city on September 11, 2008. After the Jews did not react to their antisemitic insults, such as "We will kill all Yids," "We will bury you in the ground," and "Heil Hitler," the youths began beating them, including the child. A driver of a passing car helped the victims and reported to the police, who arrived and arrested some of the attackers.

Sources: Ynet, 12 Sept. 2008; shturem.net, 12 Sept. 2008; jta.org, 14 Sept. 2008; AEN (Jewish News Agency), 14 Sept. 2008
Sept. Rise in Negative Attitudes toward Jews and Muslims in Europe
   
On September 17, 2008, the Pew Global Attitudes Project released the findings of a survey conducted among 25,000 people in 24 countries in Europe and the US. The report, entitled "Unfavorable View of Jews and Muslims on the Increase in Europe," revealed a rise in ethnocentric attitudes throughout Europe. While the percentage of negative views on Jews in the US and the UK remained relatively low (7 percent in the US and 9 percent in the UK), in Spain unfavorable rating of Jews more than doubled in three years (from 21 to 46 percent). In Poland and Russia one out of every three people polled had a negative opinion of Jews. A clear increase in antisemitic attitudes was also seen in France and Germany, from 12 to 20 percent in the former and from 21 to 25 percent in the latter. There was a similar tendency in attitudes toward Muslims.

Sources: pewglobal.org, 17 Sept. 2008; guardian.co.uk, 18 Sept. 2008
Sept. Antisemitic Books Banned in Russia
   
On September 12, 2008, a regional court in Stavropol banned three antisemitic books on the grounds that they were "extremist." The publications in question are Who Rules Us - The Psychology of Management, The Psychological Management of People and The Secret Mechanisms of People Management, all authored by Mikhail Sherstnev, a doctor of medical sciences. They contain statements such as "The way for the Russian people is only in one thing - antisemitism." Distribution, publication or storage of the books on the territory of the Russian Federation is forbidden.

Sources: SOVA Center, 12 Sept. 2008; proksk.ru, 12 Sept. 2008
August Extreme Right Music CDs Banned in East Germany
   
German Interior Minister Joerg Schoenbohm announced in early August that the LKA, the State Office of Criminal Investigation of Massen-Niederlausitz in Brandenburg, East Germany, has been successful in its struggle against the dissemination of extreme right-wing music, which is considered to pose a threat to German youth. Nine CDs with xenophobic and antisemitic lyrics inciting to violence and glorifying the NS regime were banned. Schoenbohm added that the fight against the extreme right must continue on all fronts, including music directed at young people.

Sources: niederlausitz-aktuell.de, 6 August 2008
August Antisemitic Graffiti in Lithuania
   
During the weekend of August 9-10, 2008 (9 Av fast), swastikas, Stars of David on gallows and "Juden Raus" slogans were painted on Jewish community buildings in Vilnius and Panevezys. The police opened an investigation. The incident was condemned by Lithuanian Prime Minister Gediminas Kirkilas and President Valdas Adamkus, as well as by the Simon Wiesenthal Center and the American Jewish Congress.

Sources: AEN (Jewish News Agency), 11 August 2008; Ynet, 10 August 2008; jewish.ru, 12 August 2008; Simon Wiesenthal Center, 11 August 2008; Trend News, 11 August 2008
August New Neo-Nazi Site Reported in Switzerland
   
In August 2008 the AKDH (Aktion Kinder des Holocaust) reported to the Swiss monitoring organization CICAD (Coordination Intercommunautaire Contre l'Antisemitisme et la Diffamation) that a new neo-Nazi group, Nationaux-Socialistes Suisses (Swiss National Socialists - NSS), had launched a website, hosted by wordpress.com. Describing themselves as "a gathering of young Swiss National Socialists, nostalgic for the Great Europe that had fallen into the forked hands of the Goldsteins and Levys in 1945," the group claimed they were at war with "the hordes of alien Arab-Muslim merde" and "international Jewry." Referring to the Holocaust, they spoke of the "so-called elimination of the yids at the time of the Third Reich" ("pretendue elimination des youpins sous le IIIeme Reich"). wordpress.com closed the website following the announcement of legal proceedings against the operators, initiated by CICAD.

Sources: Le Courrier, 21 August 2008; Stormfront.org, 20 August 2008; eurojewcong.org, 20 August 2008; CICAD, 20 August 2008
July British Academic Resigns from Union due to "Discrimination against Jews"
   
Eve Gerrard, senior lecturer in the Center for Professional Ethics at Keele University, tendered a letter of resignation, on July 1, 2008, to Sally Hunt, general secretary of the University and College Union (UCU). She stated that she could no longer remain in a body which was involved in discrimination against Jewish academics and Jewish members of the union. Earlier, during a debate in the House of Lords in June 2008, Baroness Ruth Deech had said that the UCU was ''an unprofessional union" and that "universities would do well to cease to recognize it" and seek alternatives.

Sources: evegerrard, 01 July 2008; timeshighereducation, 10 July 2008
July Former German Judge: Holocaust Denial Law Does Not Protect Human Dignity
   
A former judge of Germany's Federal Constitutional Court delivered a lecture in Berlin, on July 9, 2008, entitled "Freedom of Assembly for Right-Wing Extremists - Capitulation of the Constitutional State?" Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem maintained, inter alia, that if he were a lawmaker he would not make denial of the Holocaust a punishable offense, since punishment did not protect human dignity. In response, Stephan Kramer, secretary general of the Central Council of German Jews, stated that while he, too, opposed repression of freedom of speech he feared the political danger. Warning against the rise of right extremists in Germany, Kramer said that softening the law would be a dangerous signal.

Sources: jungefeiheit.de, 14 July 2008; tagesspiegel.de, 10 July 2008
July Nazi Propaganda Film Shown in Budapest
   
A public screening in Budapest of the Nazi propaganda movie Jud Suess, allegedly organized by the wife of Hungarian right-wing extremist Lorant Hegedus jr. and the extreme right-wing publishing house Gede Testverek (which sells the Hungarian translation of Hitler's Mein Kampf), aroused a series of condemnations. A local lawyer said he would initiate legal proceedings against the organization, and the local branch of the Hungarian Free Democratic Party announced it would file a complaint since the organization did not receive permission from the German Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation, which holds the screening rights. The German adaptation of the film was made in 1940 under the supervision of Joseph Goebbels, Nazi Germany's propaganda chief, and is considered one of the most hateful depictions of Jews on film.

Sources: World Jewish Congress, 22 July 2008; politics.hu, 18 July 2008
July Russian President Vows to Combat Racism and Antisemitism
   
During a meeting held at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, with heads of diplomatic missions and the country's representatives abroad, on July 15, 2008, Russian President Dmitrii Medvedev promised to counter any manifestations of neo-fascism, racial discrimination, nationalism, antisemitism and xenophobia, as well as "attempts to rewrite history" and use them to provoke confrontations and revanchism in world politics and revise the settlements made at the end of World War II.

Sources: SOVA Center, 17 July 2008
June Lithuania Passes Law Prohibiting Nazi and Soviet Symbols
   
Soviet symbolism is equated with Nazi symbolism in Lithuania, a former country of the USSR. On June 18, 2008, the Lithuanian parliament approved a law prohibiting the public display of Nazi and Soviet symbols, including portraits of Nazi and Soviet leaders, flags, hammer and sickle, swastikas, military symbols, uniforms, and playing the Nazi or Soviet anthems. According to the new law, the symbolism can be perceived as the propaganda of both Nazi and Communist occupation regimes. Russia described Lithuania's decision to put the swastika and hammer and sickle on an equally prohibited footing as "blasphemous," and an attempt to rewrite history, said BBC Russian affairs analyst Steven Eke.

Sources: haaretz.co.il, 19 June 2008; jewish.ru, 17 June 2008; BBC news, 17 June 2008
June Neo-Nazi Murders in Russia
   
In mid-June 2008, the Investigative Committee of Russia's General Prosecutor's Office determined that a video showing the murder of two males of Tajik and Dagestani origin, with a Nazi flag in the background, was genuine. When the video was first distributed on the Internet in August 2007, the Ministry of Interior believed it to be faked. Victor Milkov who posted the video, claiming he received it from an anonymous source, was sentenced in February 2008 to one year of forced labor for inciting hatred. In January, the Dagestani victim was recognized by his brother on the video and the case was re-opened. As a result, four suspects were arrested. According to one version, the murder was committed by members of a group named the National-Socialist Society from Obninsk, Kaluga region. The bodies were never found.

Sources: SOVA Center, 16 June 2008; Haaretz, 16 June 2008; FSU Monitor, 18 June 2008; jta.org, 14 Aug. 2007; Haaretz, 16 June 2007
June Suspected Antisemitic Attack in Paris
   
On June 21, 2008, Rudy Haddad, 17, was attacked in Paris with iron bars and beaten unconscious. He was hospitalized with a fractured skull and broken ribs. The attack apparently occurred after a fight broke out between young Jews and youths of African origin in the multi-ethnic 19th district of north-east Paris and, according to the Union of French Jewish Students, Haddad was identified as a Jew before being beaten. Prosecutors in the French capital opened an investigation on June 24. "The antisemitic circumstances are unquestionable," Paris prosecutor Jean-Claude Marin told reporters, adding that insults such as "dirty Jew" were used.

Sources: News Daily, 24 June 2008; thejc, 26 June 2008; themercury, 29 June 2008; CICAD, 29 June 2008
May Russian Antisemites Arrested
   
In May 2008, Victor Rogozhin, member of the regional municipal committee, Vladimir Naydanov, engineer, Valerii Salnikov, senior lecturer at an aviation university, and Sergeii Pospelov, a civilian army worker, were arrested in Akhtubinsk, Astrakhan region. They were accused of running an antisemitic organization since 2002 and of calling in public (at their places of work, among others) for the deportation or annihilation of the Jews.

Sources: izrus.co.il, 2 May 2008. AEN (Jewish News Agency), 04 May 2008
May Polish Football Player Investigated for Antisemitic Incident
   
A judicial investigation was launched on May 2, 2008 against Arkadiusz Mysona, a premier league player of LKS Lodz football team, for wearing a shirt bearing an antisemitic inscription. After the incident occurred on April 11, 2008, Mysona was fined 8,670 euros by his club. Mysona claimed that he received the shirt from a fan and wore it without reading the inscription, "Jewish whore," allegedly directed at the Widzew club. After a fellow member of his team drew his attention to the inscription, he removed the shirt. During the same match played on April 11, antisemitic banners were displayed in the stands of the LKS Lodz stadium, which was consequently closed for one month. The club was ordered by the Polish football federation to pay a fine of 50,000 zlotys (14,600 euros) for this incident.

Sources: ZNAK Forum, 6 May 2008; European Jewish Press, 05 May 2008; Ynet, 30 April 2008
May Hamas Minister: Palestinians Don`t Deny Holocaust
   
On May 15, 2008, the London Guardian published an article by Basim Na'aim, minister in the Hamas administration, stressing that Palestinians in general do not deny the Nazi Holocaust. According to Na'aim, one approach to isolate Hamas is to portray it as motivated by anti-Jewish sentiment rather than hostility to Zionist occupation. Na'aim claimed that Palestinians "reject the exploitation of the Holocaust by the Zionists to justify their crimes... against us"; although they had nothing to do with the Holocaust, he said, Palestinians find themselves punished for the crimes of others. Europeans thus bore a direct responsibility for what is befalling them today. The article was published in response to antisemitic messages broadcast by Hamas' al-Aqsa television, including denial of the Holocaust.

Source: Guardian, 15 May 2008
May Motion to Boycott Israeli Academic Institutions
   
On May 30, 2008 delegates of the British University and College Union (UCU) voted in favor of a controversial motion calling for a boycott of Israeli academic institutions. This was in spite of legal advice stating that an academic boycott of Israel would be unlawful and could not be implemented. Philosophy Prof. Tom Hickey, who headed the initiative, said that British lecturers must re-evaluate their ties with Israeli institutions, in light of the latter's illegal settlements and the situation in Gaza. Sally Hunt, the union's general secretary, explained that "we have passed a motion to provide solidarity with the Palestinians, not to boycott Israel or any other country's academic institutions. I made clear to delegates that the union will defend their right to debate this and other issues. Implementation of the motion will now fall to the national executive committee." According to sociologist David Hirsch, "an academic boycott.... would impact disproportionately against Jews and so would be institutionally antisemitic. It is based on and encourages a world-view which puts Israel and Zionism at the centre of all that is threatening to the oppressed and to the left." Israeli Ambassador to the UK Ron Prosor stated: "The recurring calls for an academic boycott of Israel over the past few years are another attempt to delegitimize Israel both in academia and in British professional associations.

Sources: Times Higher Education (THE), 29 May 2008; UCU declaration, 30 May 2008; democratiya.com, May 2008; Haaretz, 31 May 2008
April Antisemitic Graffiti Reported in Israel
   
Antisemitic graffiti was found painted on the walls of a swimming pool in Kibbutz Hatzor, Israel, on April 30, 2008. The text, in Russian, read: "It's a pity Hitler didn't liquidate all of you," and "If there's no water in the tap, it means that the Yids drank it all." The police opened an investigation.

Sources: Maariv, 1 May 2008
April Homes of Yemeni Jews Destroyed
   
In the latest attack targeting Yemen's few remaining Jews, rebel Shiite Houthi militiamen destroyed several homes belonging to the now absent Jewish community (67 members) in the northwestern Saada province. "The Houthis destroyed part of my house and looted it," Rabbi Yehia (Yihya) Youssuf told Reuters. Today, fewer than 400 Jews live in Yemen.

Sources: The World Jewish Congress, 7 April 2008; Jerusalem, 7 April 2008; Haaretz, 6 April 2008
April Holocaust Memorial in Belarus Desecrated
   
On April 20, 2008 (the anniversary of Hitler's birthday), the Holocaust Memorial in Slutsk, Belarus, was desecrated with dozens of swastikas and the number 88, signifying "Heil Hitler" in numerology. A complaint was filed. The city services helped clean the memorial, which marks the place where the Nazis shot and burned to death 3,000 Jews in 1941.

Sources: kurjer.info, 21 April 2008; jewish.ru, 22 April 2008; Jerusalem Post, 23 April 2008; mignews.com, 23 April 2008; jta.org, 23 April 2008; Haaretz, 22 April 2008
April Jewish Cemetery Desecrated in Berlin
   
Thirty gravestones in Weissensee, Berlin, one of Europe's largest and most historically significant Jewish cemeteries, were desecrated on April 29, 2008. Mayor of Berlin Social Democrat Klaus Wowereit sharply condemned the incident, declaring that it was clearly antisemitic. One day later (April 30), another 20 graves were found desecrated. The police were investigating the incident. Petra Pau, of the left-wing Die Linke party, criticized the fact that the desecration of Jewish cemeteries, an almost weekly phenomenon in Germany, is investigated not as an antisemitic offense but as "disturbance of the peace of the dead" and/or as "damage to property."

Sources: news.walla.co, 29 April 2008; Petra Pau, 29 April 2008, press release; Helmut Schroeder, 29 April 2008; http://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/0,5538,31115,00.html, 1 May 2008; Der Spiegel, 29 April 2008
March Posters in Russian City Evoke Jewish Blood Ritual
   
On 19 March 2008 (the eve of Purim), dozens of antisemitic posters appeared on buildings in Novosibirsk, the third largest city in Russia. The posters called on parents to protect their children during the Jewish holiday of Passover because "these disgusting people still engage in ritual practice to their gods. They kidnap small children and remove some of their blood and use it to prepare their holy food - matza - which they eat during their Passover and throw the bodies onto garbage dumps." The chief rabbi of Novosibirsk, Zalman Zaklas, filed a complaint. He also asserted that this was not the first time antisemitic posters had appeared and that an antisemitic group of about 50 people was active in Novosibirsk. It is headed by Boris Mironov, former Russian minister of the press, who was convicted in February 2008 for incitement of ethnic hatred in several antisemitic articles he published in election leaflets. The US Union of Councils for Jews in the Former Soviet Union (UCSJ) condemned the posters.

Sources: Y Net, 19 March 2008; European Jewish Congress, 20 March 2008; Interfax-Religion, 20 March 2008; World Jewish Congress, 20 March 2008; Ha'aretz, 20 March 2008; AEN (Jewish News Agency), 20 March 2008; FSU Monitor (27 March 2008)
March Antisemitic and Racist Demonstration on Lithuanian Independence Day
   
On 11 March 2008, Lithuanian Independence Day, about 200 skinheads held an unauthorized demonstration in the center of Vilnius. They shouted antisemitic and racist slogans, such as "One, Two, Three, Lithuania is beautiful without Russians," "Juden Raus," "Kill this Jew" and "Lithuania to the Lithuanians." The participants held banners with swastikas and skulls, as well as Lithuanian and Latvian flags. Lithuanian President Valdas Adamkus condemned the parade, stating, "Such incidents shame the whole of Lithuania. Inciting racial hatred can carry a two-year prison sentence under Lithuanian law." The police were investigating.

Sources: regnum.ru, 12 March 2008; rus.delfi.lv, 12 March 2008. jjew.ru, 18 March 2008
March Arab Reactions to Vilnai's Use of the Term "Shoah"
   
In response to the escalation that took place in the Gaza Strip between 27 February and 3 March 2008, the Arab media made extensive use of the term "Holocaust" and related expressions such as "massacre" and "annihilation." Deputy Israeli Defense Minister Matan Vilnai's threat, made on 29 February, that a catastrophe would befall the Palestinians if they continued their rocket strikes on Israel triggered the employment of such terminology. Vilnai used the Hebrew word "Shoah" to denote catastrophe, inadvertently legitimizing, in the eyes of the Arabs, a comparison between the Holocaust and Palestinian suffering and between Nazi and Israeli conduct, and providing the Arab media with a pretext to minimize and relativize the Holocaust.

On 1 March, Palestinian Authority Chairman, Mahmud 'Abbas stated that Israel's reaction to the launching of rockets was "even worse than the Holocaust," while Khalid Mash'al, head of Hamas political bureau, noted that what Israel was doing in Gaza was "the real Holocaust," part of its ongoing sixty year holocaust against the Palestinians. He added that Israel was exaggerating the Jewish Holocaust in order to blackmail the world.

Saudi Arabia declared on 3 March that Israel's acts in Gaza were "an imitation of Nazi war crimes" and called on the international community to intervene to stop them. Ghazi al-'Uraydhi, writing in the UAE daily al-Ittihad (8 March), claimed that Israel was celebrating its 60th anniversary with acts which confirmed that the Palestinian people had to pay the price for the "Holocaust" of the Jews of Europe.



Sources: Ha'aretz, 1 March; Filastin, Tishrin, 2 March; al-Watan, 2, 3 March; al-Riaydh, 3 March; al-Ittihad, al-Jumhuriyya, 8 March 2008. Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, 12 March 2008
March Bin Ladin's Deputy Calls to Take Revenge on the Jews
   
On 22 March 2008, Usama Bin Ladin's deputy Ayman al-Zawahiri, who is considered the "brain" behind al-Qa`ida activities, urged Muslims to take revenge on the Jews worldwide and attack Jewish as well as American targets. His call came in response to the Israeli attack on Gaza at the beginning of March, and followed Bin Ladin's call a week earlier to launch a holy war to liberate the Palestinian territories. The call to target Jews wherever they are appeared for the first time in February 1998 in al-Qa`ida's declaration of "Jihad against the Jews and the Crusaders," which included a fatwa (religious edict) by Bin Ladin, stipulating that it was the individual duty of every Muslim to kill the Americans and their allies, in order to liberate al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem and the Holy Mosque in Mecca.

Sources: Ha`aretz, 25 March 2008
Feb. Israel Approves Law Outlawing Nazi Ideology
   
On 25 February 2008 Israel's parliament, the Knesset, approved a law outlawing the promotion of Nazi ideology or incitement of racism against any group. The bill was initiated by MK Moshe Gafni (United Torah Judaism ?UTJ) following the arrest of a neo-Nazi group in central Israel in 2007. "The State of Israel never used legislation to deal with Nazi organizations, because in our darkest dreams none of us ever considered that this phenomenon would happen here," Gafni said. MK David Rotem (Israel Beiteinu) opposed the bill, claiming that Nazism should be addressed separately from racism.

Sources: y-net, 25 Feb. 2008; Haaretz 17 Feb. 2008; Jerusalem Post, 25 Feb. 2008
Feb. Global Forum on Antisemitism Held in Jerusalem
   
On 24-25 February 2008 the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Diaspora Affairs Ministry hosted the annual Global Forum for Combating Antisemitism in Jerusalem. A record number of over 300 high-ranking delegates from over 45 countries, among them parliamentarians, judges and legal experts, ambassadors and diplomats, academics, heads of NGOs, and leaders of Jewish organizations and communities, pledged meaningful cooperation with Israel to combat the world's oldest hatred.

Sources: Jerusalem Post, 23 Feb. 2008; Ministry of Foreign Affairs press release, 24-25 Feb. 2008
Feb. Study Finds Russian Textbooks Ignore Holocaust
   
A joint study of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Jewish Congress, directed by Aleksandr Lokshin and released in early February 2008, found that many Russian history school textbooks completely ignore the subject of the Holocaust. In addition, no textbook mentions the pogroms against the Jews during the Russian Civil War (1918-20) or the Doctors' Plot (1952-3), concocted by Stalin as a pretext for repressions against the Jews.

Sources: FSU Monitor, 14 Feb. 2008; newsru.com, 13 Feb. 2008, jta, 14 Feb. 2008; arutz sheva, 2 March 2008
Feb. French Policemen Suspended Following Antisemitic Provocation
   
Three French policemen, who admitted to membership in the extreme right White Power movement, were suspended after provoking an antisemitic incident in the Irish pub My Goodness in Aniens, northern France. According to the National Office for Vigilance against Anti-Semitism (BNVCA), the men allegedly burst into the pub on 8 February 2008, shouting slogans such as "Heil Hitler," "Death to the Jews" and "We need to open the gas chambers." The international League against Racism and Antisemitism (LICRA) condemned the event, as did Interior Minister Michele Alliot-Marie. A disciplinary investigation has begun. The owner of the bar filed a writ against the officers, claiming he was threatened with "reprisals," including the forced closure of his bar, if he revealed what they had done.

Sources: dpa/baz, 08 Feb. 2008; BNVCA press release, 6 Feb. 2008; ejp, 10 Feb. 200
Jan. Book Relating to Holocaust Era Arouses Controversy in Algeria
   
A novel in French, by Algerian author Boualem Sansal, The Village of the German, or the Journal of the Schiller Brothers (Le Village de l'Allemand ou le journal des Fréres Schiller), which invokes the Holocaust and the Algerian attitude toward the Nazis during WWII, was published in January 2008. The story evolves around two Algerian brothers, Malrich and Rachel Schiller. Born to a German father and an Algerian mother, they were sent to study in France, where they stayed. While inquiring into the murder of their parents by an Islamist group, Rachel discovers that their father was a German SS officer who found refuge in Algeria after the war. Following this revelation, he traces his father's footsteps from Hamburg to Auschwitz and keeps a diary. Shocked by his father's past, he eventually commits suicide. Malrich, however, becomes fascinated with the SS and joins a force combating Islamists in his neighborhood. Boualem criticizes Algerian denial of the Holocaust, considering it a reflection of Algerian narrow-mindedness. The Algerian daily al-Bilad (13 Jan. 2008) questioned Boualem's motives for adopting this approach toward the Holocaust, which implicitly accuses his countrymen of antisemitism, and claimed he was seeking the support of the Jewish lobby and the French intelligentsia in order to win the Nobel prize.

Sources: al-Bilad, 13 Jan. 2008; Ha'aretz, 18 Jan. 2008; Le Monde, 17 Jan. 2008; La Croix, 16 Jan. 2008
Jan. Poland Considers Prosecuting Historian for Book on Postwar Polish Antisemitism
   
In January 2008, the Polish prosecutor's office announced that it would consider charging former Princeton professor and historian Jan Tomasz Gross, with slandering the Polish nation in his book Fear - Anti-Semitism in Poland after Auschwitz (USA, 2006), on antisemitism and pogroms in Poland after World War II. The law in question, which was adopted in 2006, provides for a three year prison term for anyone "publicly accusing the Polish nation of participating in, organizing or being responsible for Nazi or Communist crimes."

The Polish edition of the book, which went on sale on 11 January 2008, caused a heated debate on antisemitism in Poland. The book focuses on the pogrom in Kielce on 4 July 1946, when 42 Jews were killed and 80 injured. Gross argues, inter alia, that the pogrom was motivated by antisemitism and the wish to rid the country of Jews.

Another book that stirred a public debate in Poland was Marek Jan Chodakiewicz's After the Holocaust: Polish-Jewish Conflict in the Wake of World War II. Chodakiewicz, a Polish historian and dean of the Institute of World Politics in Washington, DC, traces the roots of the Polish-Jewish conflict after the war. He argues that violence developed after the Soviet takeover of Poland amid postwar retribution and counter-retribution, and was exacerbated by the breakdown of law and order and a raging Polish anti-Communist insurgency. Chodakiewicz stresses that Polish-Jewish relations in the 1940s should be examined in the context of the Soviet-imposed Communist dictatorship and not as part of antisemitism.



Sources: Spiegel Online, 18 Jan. 2008; Polskie Radio, 14 Jan. 2008; Clerical Whispers, 16 Jan. 2008; Polskie Radio, 07 Jan 2008; eejh, 22 Jan. 2008; znak, 18 Jan. 2008; Washington Post, 18 Jan. 2008; Associated Press, 24 Jan. 2008; Columbia University Press, 27 Nov. 2006; network Europe, 18 Jan. 2008
Jan. Jewish Students Attacked in Berlin
   
Five pupils, aged 15-17, from the non-religious Jewish high-school (Juedische Oberschule) in Berlin, were attacked on Oranienburg Street, in the city center, on the afternoon of 16 January 2008. After insulting them with antisemitic slogans, the four punks set their dog on them. Passers-by immediately called the police who arrested the perpetrators. Mayor of Berlin Klaus Wowereit (SPD) and Frank Henkel (CDU) condemned the attack. Wowereit, who labeled the incident "antisemitic," said he was glad that passers-by had reacted well. Charlotte Knobloch, president of the Jewish Council in Germany, said the event showed that violence had reached a high level. The students were not injured.

e110, 18 Jan. 2008; ejpress.org, 17 Jan. 2008; haaretz.com, 17 Jan. 2008; worldjewishcongress.org, 18 Jan 2008
Jan. Pope to Amend Controversial Prayer
   
On 18 January 2008, the Italian newspaper Il Giornale reported that Pope Benedict XVI has decided to change the controversial prayer "Tridentine" for the conversion of Jews, referring to the Jews' refusal to recognize Jesus as the Messiah. The prayer, which speaks of the Jews' "blindness," is part of the Good Friday liturgy for non-Christians and is not used in most churches. The change to the 1962 missal, which the Pope brought back into use in 2007, follows protests by the chief rabbis of Israel. A Vatican source said he expected the amendments, which were not detailed, to be announced before Good Friday on March 21 this year. Good Friday is the day Christians commemorate Christ's death. The Vatican had no official comment on the report.

jta.org, 20 Jan. 2008. New York Times, 19 Jan. 2008; Washington Post, 18 Jan. 2008; Catholic News Service, 18 Jan. 2008.

2007


Dec. Complaint Filed against German-Language Edition of Wikipedia
   
On 6 December, Katina Schubert, deputy chairperson of the German Left Party, filed charges against the German language edition of the online Wikipedia for featuring Nazi symbols, which are illegal in Germany. "My complaints relate to content on Wikipedia, such as an article about the Hitler Youth movement," Schubert explained, in an interview to Welt Online. "Wikipedia lends itself to abuse by right-wing extremists," she said, pointing to their repeated attempts to use the World Wide Web as a platform for distributing propaganda.

Schubert intended to initiate a public debate on the extent to which Internet platforms should be allowed to provide a forum for extremist, antisemitic and racist ideologies. She was not supported by her party, however, and had to withdraw her complaint against Wikipedia a day later.



Sources: Deutsche Welle, 7 Dec. 2007; The Register, 7 Dec. 2007; theinquirer.net, 7 Dec. 2007; diepresse.com, 7 Dec. 2007
Dec. Draft Bill in Ukraine Outlaws Holocaust Denial
   
In December, President Victor Iushchenko submitted a draft bill to the Ukrainian parliament outlawing Holocaust denial and denial of the Holodomor (the 1932-33 famine in Ukraine). According to the draft, denying the Holocaust or Holodomor in public will carry a sentence of 2-3 years imprisonment or a fine of 9,000-27,000 US dollars (100-300 times the Ukrainian monthly minimum wage).

Sources: rferl.org, 11 Dec. 2007; mignews.com, 6 Nov. 2007; jta.org, 24 Oct. 2007
Dec. Jews Beaten on NY Subway
   
On 7 December (Chanukah festival period), four Jews on the Q train between Manhattan and Brooklyn, New York, were beaten by a group of 10 youths shouting antisemitic insults. Hassan Askari, a Muslim Bangladeshi college student, was beaten while trying to help the Jewish group. He was later honored by the Foundation for Ethnic Understanding for his bravery. The attackers (19-20-year-olds) were detained for questioning; one has been charged previously with hate crimes.

Sources: BBC News 18 Dec. 2007; New York Post, 12 Dec. 2007; Jerusalem Post, 11 Dec. 2007; jta.org, 11 Dec. 2007; Vos Iz Neias, 11 Dec. 2007; YNet News, 14 Dec. 2007
Dec. Teachers' Guide Addresses Antisemitism
   
On 19 December, a teachers' guide on antisemitism, entitled "Addressing Antisemitism: Why and How - A Guide for Educators," was presented in Jerusalem. The guide is the product of cooperation between the ODIHR (Warsaw-based OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights) and Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority, Israel). The guide aims to provide educators with practical suggestions, materials and background information on dealing with contemporary antisemitism, ranging from Holocaust denial to expressions of anti-Zionism, and including the use of antisemitic stereotypes and symbols. Many of the educational resources and lessons are available in 13 languages.

Sources: The guide: http://www1.yadvashem.org/education/department/english/specproj.html; European Jewish Press, 20 Dec .2007; Yad Vashem and ODIHR press release, 19 Dec. 2007.
Dec. Holocaust Memorial in Armenia Defaced
   
In December, unknown perpetrators defaced a memorial to Jewish victims of the Holocaust in the Armenian capital Yerevan. They daubed a swastika on the stone structure and splattered black paint on the Hebrew inscription. A senior advisor to President Robert Kocherian condemned the incident. Armenia's Jewish population is estimated at between 300 and 500, most of whom live in the capital. The police launched an investigation.

Sources: Federation of Jewish Communities in Russia, 24 Dec. 2007; AEN, 23 Dec. 2007; Jerusalem Post, 23 Dec. 2007; Voz Is Neias, 23 Dec. 2007
Nov. Neo-Nazi Rally Held in Prague despite Ban
   
On 4 October 2007, Prague City Hall announced it had banned a rally planned for 10 November (a day after the 69th anniversary of Kristallnacht), by the Young National Democrats, a group linked to the neo-Nazi National Resistance. The organizers claimed they wanted to protest against the deployment of Czech troops in Iraq. However, the Tolerance and Civil Society group warned that the rally, which was scheduled to pass through Prague's Jewish quarter, was actually a neo-Nazi event. Despite the ban, hundreds of neo-Nazis held a march in Prague on 10 November. The police sealed the city's Jewish quarter to prevent demonstrators from entering. At the same time, about 2000 anti-fascists held their own demonstration. Jews conducted prayers in front of the Old-New Synagogue where Archbishop Miroslav Vlk and Deputy Prime Minister Cyril Svoboda also spoke out against extremism. The police detained 396 extremists, 96 of them foreigners. Six were to face charges. Several complaints were lodged against the police, Prague Mayor Pavel Bem and his deputy for banning the rally.

Sources: Prague Daily, 23. Nov. 2007; Ceske Noviny, 9 Nov. 2007; Nova, 10 Nov. 2007; Prague Monitor, 12 Nov. 2007; Haaretz, 11 Nov. 2007; Rotter Net, 11. Nov. 2007
Nov. Austrian Jewish Journalist Acquitted of Causing Suicide of German Professor
   
On 15 November 2007 the European Court of Human Rights in Salzburg acquitted Karl Pfeifer, an Austrian Jewish journalist, of "causing the suicide" of a German professor and ordered the Austrian government to pay him 5000 euros in damages and 10,000 euros in court costs. In 1995 Professor Werner Pfeifenberger published an article claiming, among other things, that the Jews had declared war on Germany in 1933. In response, Pfeifer, editor of the Austrian Jewish community newspaper, wrote an article accusing the professor of "underrating the crimes of the Nazi regime." Pfeifenberger sued Pfeifer twice for libel, in 1997 and 1998, but lost. In 2000, after the Austrian prosecutor general charged Pfeifenberger with violating the law against Nazi activity, Pfeifenberger committed suicide. In June 2000 the right-wing weekly Zur Zeit accused Pfeifer of causing the suicide. Pfeifer sued the newspaper for libel in 2001 and 2002 and a Viennese court ruled in his favor. However, the weekly appealed and the Austrian highest appeals court ruled that Pfeifer had "moral responsibility for the suicide". In 2003 Pfeifer appealed to the European court against the Austrian courts and the government and was finally acquitted in November 2007, since there was no "indication that Pfeifer had acted as a member of a 'hunting' association" that had targeted Pfeifenberger.

Sources: Haaretz, 16 Nov. 2007; Wien Aktuell, 15 Nov. 2007; European Court of Human Rights, 15 Nov 2007
Nov. Jewish Grave Desecrated in Poland
   
A swastika was discovered on a gravestone in the Jewish cemetery of Suwalki, Poland, in November. A complaint was filed. This was the third incident of desecration of a Jewish cemetery in Poland in 2007.

Source: jta.org, 19 Nov. 2007
Nov. German YouTube Rife with Neo-Nazi Content
   
The German edition of YouTube, which went online on 8 November 2007, was full of neo-Nazi videos and rumors of Jewish conspiracies. The Central Council of Jews in Germany has asked YouTube to filter racist and antisemitic videos as it does with child pornography. One clip has lyrics describing the torching of a home for asylum seekers, followed by a comic-style balloon saying "Kill them all!". A video glorifying war accompanying a song by the right-wing music group Landser (Soldier) was downloaded over 400,000 times.

The video, considered by many to be the most offensive, is the World War II Nazi film Jud Suess (The Jew Suess), produced under Joseph Goebbels' propaganda machine.



Sources: Yideoz, 30 Aug. 2007; Jerusalem Post, 12 Nov. 2007
Oct. UNESCO Passes Resolution to Promote Holocaust Education
   
On 23 October 2007, UNESCO passed a resolution to promote Holocaust education worldwide. The resolution, which was adopted unanimously, calls for UNESCO to enhance the memory of the Holocaust through education and combating Holocaust denial. Seventy-two states had co-sponsored the resolution. Egypt, along with some other Arab states, and Iran had sought to change the draft so that it would define the Holocaust as one of many crimes against humanity.

Sources: Yediot Aharonot, 19 October 2007; Jerusalem Post, 16 October 2007; Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 October 2007
Oct. Belarus President Refers to Former "Jewish" City as a "Pigsty"
   
During a press conference on 12 October 2007 for Russian journalists, Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko referred to the city of Bobruisk - where prior to World War II about 80% (70,000) of the city's inhabitants were Jewish - as having been transformed by the Jewish population into a "pigsty." He added: "You know how Jews treat the place where they live. Look at Israel." Lukashenko explained that the inhabitants and the city authorities had rehabilitated the city after the Jews had left. Nevertheless, the Belarusian president showed interest in "Jewish investment" in his country, when, during the same press conference, he called on "wealthy Jews" to return to Bobruisk.

Lukashenko's statement was condemned by Israel's Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni and Israel's ambassador to Belarus Zeev Ben Arie, who said that Lukahenko's words were reminiscent of "the antisemitic myth depicting Jews as untidy, dirty, smelly people." Belarus' ambassador to Israel, who was summoned to the Israeli Foreign Ministry to explain the president's comment, described it as "an unsuccessful joke."



Sources: charter97, 17 October 2007; jewish.re, 18 October 2007; walla, 18 October 2007; Haaretz, 19 October 2007; Radio Free Europe, 18 October 2007; Jerusalem Post, 20 October 2007; Yedioth Ahronot, 19 October 2007
Oct. Antisemitic Book Series Published in Turkey
   
Mustafa Aykol, deputy editor of the Turkish Daily News, published an article in the Internet edition of the Washington Post, on 7 October 2007, exposing antisemitic manifestations in Turkey. He referred to the publication of a series of four books based on The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. The most popular book in the series, The Children of Moses, by Ergun Poyraz, accuses "global Zionism" of conspiring with the Islamist ruling party in Turkey to turn Turkey into a "moderate Islamic republic." The cover of the book depicts Islamist Prime Minister Recep Erdogan in the center of a six-pointed Star of David. Aykol also points out the existence of a staunchly nationalist and racist group called the Union of Patriotic Forces, headed by Fikri Karadag, whose secret oath includes the words: "I am of pure Turkish stock, and there is no Jewish convert in my blood."

Sources: Washington Post, 7 October 2007; Omedia.co.il, 7 October 2007
Oct. Czech TV Threatens to Boycott Popular Soccer Team
   
On 10 October 2007, Czech Television,a public broacasting station, announced that they would stop showing games featuring the popular Sparta Prague soccer team if its fans continued to chant antisemitic slogans. Two days before Sparta Prague fans had chanted antisemitic slogans ("Jude, Jude") during a match against the Slavia team.

Sources: JTA, 11 October 2007
Oct. One in Four Germans Sees Positive Aspects to Nazi Regime
   
According to a survey published on 17 October 2007, one out of four Germans sees at least some positive aspects to Nazi rule. The survey, carried out by the Forsa Institute, was commissioned by the German weekly Stern magazine after talk show host Eva Herman was fired, following a statement in favor of some of the Third Reich's family policies. The construction of the Autobahn (high way), the elimination of unemployment, the perceived low rate of criminality, and the encouragement of family values, were mentioned by 25% of those polled as positive aspects of National Socialism.

Database system no. 195181; Herald Tribune, 17 October 2007; WJC, 19 October 2007; N24.de, 17 October 2007; Die Welt, 17 October 2007.
Sept. Antisemitic Discourse in Egyptian Weekly
   
The topics of Israel as the cause of the Middle East conflict and the power of the Jewish lobby in America preoccupy the Arab media. American Scholar of Palestinian origin Issa Khalaf triggered a discussion with his article, "The Closing of the Jewish mind," published in Egypt's al-Ahram Weekly on 26 July 2007. Khalaf who criticized the West, especially the US, for its unqualified support of Israel and for ignoring the situation in Palestine, accused Israel and Zionist Jews of displaying unmitigated inhumanity toward Palestinians and other Arabs, and wondered how the millions who died in the Nazi camps would perceive the "new, defiant, death insensate Israeli Jew." Jews, he contended, had become intoxicated and corrupted with power and were as capable as other people of the basest transgressions against others, justified by a modern militant ideology, "thus subverting the ethical meaning of the Holocaust." The only way to achieve authentic Jewish redemption, he concluded, was to acknowledge their sins against the Palestinians. Following this article, two responses dealing with Muslims and Jews were published by Eric Walberg and Youssef Rakha on 9 August, reiterating the equation of Zionism with Nazism and racism and the allegation that Jews and Zionists exploited the accusation of antisemitism to mute criticism.

Sources: Al-Ahram Weekly, 26 July 2007; Al-Ahram Weekly, 9 Aug. 2007
Sept. Neo-Nazis Arrested in Israel
   
On 9 September, police arrested 8 Israeli neo-Nazis (17-19 years old) from the former Soviet Union, in Petah Tikva (near Tel Aviv), for attacking dozens of homosexuals, foreign workers, drug addicts and religious Jews. The investigation began a year earlier when swastikas were painted on a local synagogue in Petah Tikva. Computers confiscated from the suspects revealed that they would go to the Tel Aviv central bus station where they brutally assaulted their victims while videoing the event. Superintendent Revital Almog said that the perpetrators - all of whom came to Israel via the Law of Return and have only distant connections to Judaism - believed in the Nazi ideology and deliberately "selected victims whom they deemed too weak to complain." Weapons were found in the home of one of the suspects. The youths also planned to celebrate Adolf Hitler's birthday inside Yad Vashem. Police suspect that their leader is 20-year-old Eli Boniatov, a non-Jew, nicknamed "Eli the Nazi".

Sources: Ha'aretz, 9 Sept. 2007; Walla-news, 9 Sept. 2007; in-brief.aen.ru, 9 Sept. 2007; Ha'aretz, 1 March 2007
Sept. Ultra-Right-Wing Party Wins Seats in Greek Parliament
   
The right-wing Popular Orthodox Alarm (LAOS) Party, known for its antisemitic and xenophobic views, gained 3.7 percent of the votes (10 seats out of 300) in the Greek parliament in the general elections held on 16 September. According to a 2005 report on antisemitism by the US State Department, party leader Giorgos Karatzaferis regularly attributed "negative events involving Greece to international Jewish plots." This was the first time in 33 years that a nationalist right-wing party entered the Greek parliament. Electoral analysts ascribe LAOS' success to a backlash against the weakened ruling party, the conservative New Democratic Party, following devastating fires in August that swept the country, killing 67 people.

Sources: JTA, 17 Sept. 2007; Ha'aretz, 18 Sept. 2007; phantis.com, 17 Sept. 2007; mwtro.us, 8 Sept, 2007
Sept. German Talk Show Host Fired for Pro-Nazi Comments
   
Eva Herman (48), talk show host of the German NDR (Norddeutscher Rundfunk) public television, was sacked for praising Adolf Hitler's family policy. During the launching of her book, Das Prinzip Arche Noah - warum wir die Familie retten muessen (Noah's Ark Principle - Why We Must Save the Family), she stated that the turmoil of the late 1960s had brought about the discarding of family values nurtured in the Nazi era. NDR Director Volker Herres announced that Herman had been fired on 9 September, with immediate effect, as her comments "were deemed to be incompatible with her role as a television presenter and talk show host. In 2006 Herman published the anti-feminist Eva Principle, declaring that the survival of Germany was at stake -- Germans would "die out" if women did not change their behavior. Herman's views have been publicly endorsed by the far right National Democratic Party (NPD). The Ring Deutscher Frauen, (Uninion of German Women), part of the NPD, published a press release entitled "Bravo Eva," congratulating Herman on her initiative and "courage."

Sources: Frankfurter Allgemeine, 10 Sept. 2007; Haaeretz, 9 Sept. 2007; Der Spiegel, 15 March 2007; NPD.de; 10 Sept. 2007
Sept. Article Reveals Nazi Roots of 9/11 Attacks
   
The US Weekly Standard published on 17 September an article by Hamburg-based political scientist Matthias Kuntzel on "Jew-Hatred and Jihad," revealing what he terms the Nazi roots of the September 11 attacks. Kuntzel contends that the idea to use suicide pilots to obliterate the American skyscrapers originated in 1940s' Berlin. He traces the impact of Nazism on the Muslim Brotherhood, the first Islamic movement, which emerged in Egypt and remains the "ideological reference point and organizational core for all later Islamist groups." Surprised at the failure of the 9/11 Commission Report published in July 2004 to mention Bin Ladin's hatred of Jews, and pointing instead to recent American and Western policies as the major cause of Islamist grievances, Kuntzel shows how historically "the death cult that became a hallmark of modern jihadism was laced with Jew-hatred." Moreover, he claims, blindness toward Islamist ideology not only weakens the West's struggle against Islamism, but is especially hazardous in the case of Iran's nuclear program. Kuntzel's article is based on his book, Jihad and Jew-Hatred. Islamism, Nazism and the Roots of 9/11, to be published in November 2007.

Sources: Weekly Standard, 17 Sept. 2007
Aug. Jewish Cemetery Desecrated in Germany
   
Seventy gravestones were desecrated, many of them seriously damaged, in the historic Jewish cemetery of Ihringen, Germany, during the night of 11/12 August 2007. One week after the incident the police arrested four suspects known to belong to the extreme right. The incident was described as a "commando action" carried out by antisemites, similar to that perpetrated by extreme rightists who desecrated the cemetery in 1990-91. In a press release issued on 15 August, citizens of the region demanded that Dr. S. von Ungern-Sternberg, president of the regional council of South Baden, take legal action against the perpetrators and launch an investigation into the 1990-91 events.

Sources: JPberlin.de, 15 Aug.; World Jewish Congress, 21 Aug.; fudder.de, 14 Aug.
Aug. Jewish Student Attacked in Australia
   
On 18 August 2007 Alon Tam (17), a yeshiva student, was beaten by two men with baseball bats on his way home from a kosher restaurant in Balaclava, a suburb of Melbourne, home of a large Jewish population. Tam said that his attackers shouted antisemitic insults such as "Jew, you deserve to die." In a joint statement, the Jewish Community Council of Victoria and the B'nai B'rith Anti-Defamation Commission condemned the attack. "We are outraged at this violent anti-Semitic attack which was perpetrated in the heart of the Jewish community," it said. "Members of the Jewish community should not be subjected to these sorts of attacks under any circumstances."

Sources: JTP, 19 Aug.; Australian News, 20 Aug.; ABC Melbourne, 19 Aug.
Aug. Ultra-right Hungarian Party Plans to Form Militia
   
Jobbik, a Hungarian radical right-wing party, is reportedly intending to create a Magyar Garda (Hungarian guard) at a ceremony in Buda Castle on 25 August 2007. Its members plan to wear the controversial Arpad stripes, associated with the Nazi-allied Arrow Cross party during World War II. Jobbik president Gabor Vona said on 2 August 2007 that about 200 people had applied to join the guard. Expressing its concern at the news, the Federation of Hungarian Jewish Communities hopes that the government will ban Jobbik and similar groups.

Sources: caboodle.hu, 3 August 2007; Stormfront, 7 August, 2007; IKG, 7 August 2007; JTA, 10 August 2007; Haaretz, 9 August 2007; Israelinsider, 9 August 2007
Aug. Antisemitic Attack in France
   
A 23-year-old Jewish woman was attacked in Noisy-le-Grand near Paris, on 9 August 2007, by two youths of 'African origin'. The perpetrators shouted "dirty Jew," stole her mobile phone and beat her up. She needed medical care.

Sources: CRIF, 10 August 2007; Walla, 13 August 2007; EJP, 13 August 2007; ynet, 13 August 2007
Aug. Pope Meets with Antisemitic Priest
   
On 5 August 2007 Pope Benedict XVI met in Rome with Polish Roman Catholic priest Rev. Tadeusz Rydzyk, owner of the Catholic nationalist Radio Maryja (1.5 million listeners daily), which has repeatedly been accused of disseminating antisemitic messages and inciting antisemitic manifestations in Poland. Tadeusz Rydzyk, who is known for his antisemitic views, allegedly called Jewish Holocaust restitution efforts greedy and condemned Polish President Lech Kaczynski for supporting the establishment of the Museum of the History of Polish Jews. The Pope's meeting was criticized by Rabbi Marvin Hier (Los Angeles-based Wiesenthal Center), the European Jewish Congress and Israel's ambassador to Poland. Branding the meeting "outrageous and appalling," vice president of the Central Council of Jews in Germany Dieter Graumann, said that "one would expect the Vatican to clearly distance itself from Rydzyk and 'Radio Race Hate'." On 9 August the Vatican reassured Jewish organizations that the meeting "did not imply any change in the Holy See's well-known position regarding relations between Catholics and Jews."

Sources: Tagesspiegel, 9 August 2007; IKG, 11 August 2007; JTA, 8 August 2007; Jerusalem Post, 9 August 2007; WJC, 10 August 2007
July Arab Writers Claim Hamas Takeover in Gaza a US-Israeli Plot
   
Several Arab writers portrayed the Hamas takeover (June 2007) in Gaza as an American-Israeli plot. In an article published in the daily al-Thawra, 18 June, Syrian columnist Muhammad Khayr al-Jamali wrote that the civil war in Palestine was part of a Zionist-American scheme aimed at generating "creative chaos" and paving the way for the implementation of the new Middle East plan. In the Qatari daily al-Sharq, 19 June, Muhyi al-Din Titawi accused Fatah of acting in the service of the Crusader-Jewish war on Islam, and Ahmad Amurabi claimed in the Qatari daily al-Watan, 16 June, that Hamas was merely defending itself against an Israeli-American front. In contrast, Jordanian columnist Fahd al-Fanik rejected the notion of a joint Israeli-American conspiracy against the Palestinian people in the daily al-Ra'y, 28 July.

Source: MEMRI, 3 July 2007
July American Rabbi's Lecture Arouses Uproar in Egypt
   
A paper delivered by an American rabbi, Professor Robin Firestone, at Egypt's Ain Shams University on the "The Problematics of the Chosen in Monotheistic Religions" in July 2007, caused an uproar among academics and parliament members. Firestone was accused of not dealing equally with the idea of choseness in Islam as with the same concept in Judaism, and of contending that God ordered Abraham to sacrifice Isaac and not Ismail as Muslims believe. Independent MP Jamal Zahran declared that "we are not going to allow Jews to desecrate our universities, spread their Zionist views and brainwash our students."

Source: Al-Ahram Weekly, 12 July 2007
July Man Attacked in Berlin While Helping Victim of Antisemitic Insults
   
On 22 June 2007, a 24 year old man of Turkish origin was attacked and slightly injured in Berlin Schoeneberg when he tried to help a woman who targeted with antisemitic insults. The perpetrator threatened him with a knife and then tried to run him over with his car. The attacker fled and police were investigating.

Sources: Berliner Zeitung, 25 June 2007; e110, 24 June 2007; Tagesspiegel, 24 June 2007
July Hamas Replaces Anti-Israel/Anti-Jewish Children's TV Character
   
After removing Farfur, the Mickey Mouse-like character who spouted anti-Israel and anti-Jewish homilies, from the children TV program "The Pioneers of Tomorrow" in late June, Hamas network replaced it on 13 July with a bee named Nahul. Introducing itself to children as Farfur's cousin, the bee vowed to continue in the path of "Islam, heroism, martyrdom and jihad."

Sources: Memri, 16 July 2007; Palestinian Media Watch Bulletin, 16 July 2007; New York Times, 17 July 2007
July Czech Jewish Cemetery Desecrated
   
On the weekend of 14-15 July 2007, 25 tombstones were overturned and two others broken in the 19th century Jewish cemetery in Bohumin. The cemetery had been rehabilitated and reopened only two weeks previously.

Sources: Prague Daily, 17 July 2007; Jerusalem Newswire, 17 July 2007; EJP, 27 July 2007
June Nobel Prize Laureate Cancels Lecture
   
In mid-May 2007, American Nobel Prize laureate in physics Prof. Steven Weinberg of the University of Texas canceled his speaking engagement honoring Pakistani physicist Abdus Salam at London University. Weinberg said that his decision was due to the National Union of Journalists' (NUJ) boycott of Israeli products, which "indicated a moral blindness for which it is hard to find any explanation other than antisemitism."

Sources: Guardian, 24 May 2007; Jerusalem Post, 25 May 2007; Haaretz, 24 May 2007
June Kiev Mayor Calls for Stopping State Support of MAUP
   
On 31 May 2007, Kiev mayor Leonid Chernovetskii asked Ukrainian Prime Minister Viktor Ianukovich to stop state financial support of MAUP, a private educational institution, since it distributes antisemitic publications. Chernovetskii promised to close all MAUP kiosks in Kiev selling antisemitic literature and newspapers.

AEN (Jewish News Agency), 01-Jun-2007
June Hamas Members Compared to Jews
   
In the war of fatwas (religious edits) resulting from the struggle between Hamas and Fatah within Gaza, the Palestine Press Agency site posted a ruling by Shaykh Shakir al-Hiran, on 18 May 2007, sanctifying the killing of Hamas members. In justification, he compared them to Jews, using Qur'anic verses reflecting prevalent antisemitic beliefs about sectarianism, hypocrisy, violation of agreements, greed and lying.

Sources: www.fateh.ps/Print_doc.asp?nid=3564, 18 May 2007; Al-Watan, 22 May 2007; MEMRI, 23 May 2007
June Activities of US-based Arabic Language Channel to Be Reviewed
   
In June 2007, Larry Hart, spokesman for the Broadcasting Board of Governors, which oversees the Arabic-language US-based satellite TV television network Al-Hurra, sponsored by the US government, said the Board would seek an outside panel to review the network after broadcasts included inflammatory language referring to Israel or Jews. In one program Palestinian PM Isma`il Haniyya appeared to support the assertion that the Holocaust was a myth. In addition, coverage of the conference on Holocaust denial held in Tehran in December 2006 was considered insufficiently critical. Hart said the review would be conducted by an academic institution with experience in the Middle East and journalism.

Sources: New York Times, 4, 6 Jun 2007
June Japanese Party Founded by Antisemite
   
In June 2007 Japanese Holocaust denier Richard Koshimizu founded the Independence Party of Japan. The homepage of the party propagates antisemitic and Holocaust denial propaganda, such as: "9-11 was generated by secret Jewdom", "9/11 was a hoax", "the American Jewish government killed its own people" and "not even one Jew was killed in the gas chambers of Auschwitz" (http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8249834850366562921). Koshimizu intends to present his arguments in a public debate on the Campus Plaza in Kyoto; however, the ADL has requested that the mayor prevent his appearance, as inflammatory speeches are forbidden on the city-run Plaza.

Sources: JTA, 5 June 2007; Guysen Israel News, 4 June 2007; y-net 7 June 2007; Koshimizu' homepage: http://www15.ocn.ne.jp/~oyakodon/newversion/hb1.htm
May 21 Hamas Mickey Mouse Character Sanctions Annihilation of the Jews
   
In April, Hamas al-Aqsa satellite TV in Gaza aired a children's show, "Tomorrow's Pioneers," in which a Mickey Mouse character is used to encourage Islamic supremacy and sacrifice for the sake of Palestine. When the girl host asks another little girl, "What will you do for the sake of al-Aqsa Mosque?" she replies that she will annihilate the Jews, "defending al-Aqsa with our souls and our blood." The reports triggered a massive international media campaign against the Palestinians' use of the American icon, and Palestinian Information Minister Mustafa al-Barghuti instructed Hamas TV to shelve the show. However, it refused to do so.

Sources: MEMRI, special dispatch-jihad, 9, 14 May 2007; Palestinian Media Watch (PMW), 6, 10, 11 May 2007; Times, 10 May 2007 ABC News, 11 May 2007.
May 21 Holocaust Denial Seminar Held at Italian University
   
A three-day seminar on the legitimacy of denying the Holocaust, held at the University of Teramo in central Italy on 17-19 April 2007, was harshly criticized by the Union of Italian Jewish Communities (UCEI). UCEI president Renzo Gattegna, said, "We believe that academic institutions in our country cannot ignore such an event, which should not have been granted legitimacy by being held in a university and, which, once again, invites us to keep an eye on rising antisemitism and racism in Italy." Speakers at the seminar, entitled "The Gagged History," included anti-Zionists from the extreme right and extreme left such as Israel Shamir and well-known Holocaust deniers such as Robert Faurisson. The latter delivered his speech via video conference. Professor Claudio Moffa, professor of Asian and African history at the University of Teramo and head of the program "Master Mattei per il Media Oriente," (who had argued that 9/11 served Israeli interests and that "there is evidence, shaky though it may be, of operational convergence between Mossad and bin Laden"), claimed that "the Jewish lobby in Italy" was preventing questioning of the Holocaust.

One month later, on 18 May, the administration of the university decided to close part of the campus ("out of security reasons") in order to prevent the possible appearance of Robert Faurisson, who was again invited to lecture in Prof. Moffa's program, "Master Mattei per il Media Oriente." Eight hundred historians and other academics signed a petition to protest this controversial series.

The university had asked Moffa to cancel the invitation to Faurisson as his qualifications were "completely inadequate and don't deserve academic legitimation."



Sources: ejpress, 26 April 2007; Emanuele Ottolenghi, Israel Shamir, lecture,18 April 2007;AXT, Nov. 2005; Petition, Lettera-Appello, 19 May 2007; NYT, 19 May 2007; y-net, 18, May 2007; JTA, 20 May 2007
May 21 Extermination of the Jews Fulfills Allah's Wishes, Say Hamas
   
On 23 April 2007, Hamas' mouthpiece al-Risala published an article by Kana`an `Ubayd on suicide operations. `Ubayd stated that Hamas was fulfilling Allah's wishes by carrying out suicide bombings because "the extermination of the Jews is good for the inhabitants of the world." Justifying extermination of the Jews, both as God's will and for the benefit of humanity, echoes Hitler's words in Mein Kampf, asserted Itamar Marcus and Barbara Crook from Palestinian Media Watch (PMW), in their bulletin summarizing the article.

Source: Palestinian Media Watch, 3 May 2007;
May 9 EU States Agree on Sanctions against Racism and Xenophobia
   
For the first time in EU history and after six years of negotiations, all member states decided, on 27 April 2007, to apply sanctions, including penalties, against racism and xenophobia. Furthermore, the EU resolved to forbid denial of all genocide, including the Holocaust, which will be punished if the person or group incites to hatred or disturbs the public order. EU Justice Commissioner Franco Frattini declared that Europe would not be a safe haven for racists and antisemites. The proposed laws still have to be ratified by the national parliaments. While welcoming the adoption of the Framework Decision on Racism and Xenophobia by EU Justice and Home Affairs ministers, the European Jewish Congress (EJC) expressed concern that the text made no explicit reference to antisemitism. The European Network against Racism (ENAR) criticized the text of the sanctions as being too vague. According to German Minister of Justice Brigitte Zypries (SPD), the EU had not yet begun discussions on banning the dissemination of Nazi symbols such as swastikas. The Framework Decision on Racism and Xenophobia was first proposed by the European Commission in 2001, but was rejected in 2003, as some states were concerned that it would impede freedom of speech.

Sources: EJC, 19 April 2007; epd, 29 April 2007; ynet-news, 19 April 2007; Press Release of the Council of Europe, 19-20 April 2007
May 8 More Graves in France Desecrated
   
On 21 April 2007, 180 graves were desecrated in the Sainte-Marie cemetery in Le Havre, northern France; one-quarter of them were Jewish. Swastikas were painted on the gravestones. Five youths were arrested. The mayor of the town, Antoine Rufenacht, and the president of the Jewish community of Le Havre, Victor Elgressy, visited the cemetery and condemned the vandalism. Two days previously, 52 Muslim tombs in the military cemetery at Notre-Dame-de Lorette, Arras, were defiled, and on the night of 31 March, 51 Jewish graves were violated in Lille.

Sources: Liberation, 22 April 2007; Le Figaro, 22 April 2007; CRIF, 23 April 2007.
April 16 Jewish Graves in France Desecrated
   
During the night of 31 March 2007, the day before the beginning of the Passover holiday, 53 graves in the Jewish part of the Lille cemetery were desecrated. The CRIF called for strict, exemplary punishment of the perpetrators (who have not yet been caught).

Sources: CRIF, 2 April 2007; Walla News, 1 April 2007; Net Tribune, 2 April 2007
April 12 Antisemitism: A Threat to Hungarian Jews?
   
On the eve of the anniversary commemorating the 1948 anti-Habsburg revolution, 15 March, and after the government had warned on 9 March that radical anti-government groups planned to disturb the ceremonies, Jewish residents of Hungary were advised by their leaders to leave the country ahead of the national holiday. The appeal was originally meant as a Purim spiel published in a special edition of the Hungarian Jewish newspaper Ujelet: Peter Feldmejer, head of Mazsihisz (one of the Hungary's largest Jewish organizations) was quoted as saying that Hungarian Jews should flee the country before that date out of fear of antisemitic violence. As Feldmejer told the Jerusalem Post in a phone interview from Budapest his warning was "a joke" intended to focus attention on the problem of antisemitic and right-wing violence in Hungary. However, he had warned Hungarian Jews to avoid the March 15 celebrations, suggesting that if they wanted to celebrate in public, "they should go to the countryside and not stay in Budapest." The US, UK and Australian embassies also issued warnings to their citizens in Budapest to avoid areas in which gatherings and demonstrations were scheduled to take place on that date. In an interview with the Times (1 March), Hungarian Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsany said that there had been an escalation in antisemitism in Hungary. As an example, he related that his wife (who is of Jewish descent), a university lecturer, was handed an "unambiguous antisemitic pamphlet."

Sources: The Budapest Sun, 22-29 March 2007; Times, 1 March 2007; EJP, 4, 9 March, 2007
March 15 Neo-Nazi Group Reported in Taiwan
   
Since 2005 a neo-Nazi movement, the National Socialism Association, has reportedly been operating in Taiwan. The group, comprising some 1000 members, mostly students, was founded by 23-year-old Yue Shu-ya, who adores Adolf Hitler and believes that all Taiwan's problems of 'social unrest' should be blamed on democracy. He considers that Hitler's welfare state ideology had some positive aspects worth studying. The co-founder of the movement, Chao Lahn, denies being racist. His goal is the restoration of traditional Chinese values such as Confucianism. The movement's symbol contains the letters 'SS', and is based on the Nazi party's flag. Their website, http://www.twnazi.org, is used mainly as a forum.

According to Emile Sheng, a member of the municipal government and former lecturer at Taipei's Soochow University, the establishment of the National Socialism Association reflects ignorance of Western history in Taiwan. On 13 March, the Simon Wiesenthal Center condemned the movement.



Sources: Telegraph (UK), 15 March 2007; Haaretz, 14 March 2007; Walla news, 14 March 2007; National Socialism Association website
March 11 German Bishops Compare Ramallah to Warsaw Ghetto
   
During a collective pilgrimage to the Holy Land, in the first week of February 2007, Germany's 27 bishops, lead by Cardinal Karl Lehmann, head of the German Bishops Conference, visited the Palestinian town of Ramallah shortly after a visit to Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs and Heroes Remembrance Authority in Jerusalem. Commenting on their impressions, Bishop Gregor Maria Hanke told reporters that during the visit to Yad Vashem, the group had seen, in the morning, "pictures of the inhuman Warsaw Ghetto and in the evening we traveled to Ghetto Ramallah." Speaking of the security fence, Cardinal Joachim Meisner (from east Germany), Archbishop of Cologne, said: "Something like this is done to animals, not to human beings," and "I never in my life thought to see anything like this again," alluding to the Berlin Wall. Bishop Walter Mixa, from Augsburg, referred to Ramallah as a "ghetto-like situation with almost racist characteristics."

"Appalled and surprised," Avner Shalev, director of Yad Vashem stated in a letter to Cardinal Lehmann that "the remarks illustrate a woeful ignorance of history and a distorted sense of perspective. Israel's actions do not bear any resemblance to [those of] the Nazis."

However, Msgr. Walter Brandmueller, German president of the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences at the Vatican, noted that he had little understanding of the "Jews' frustration," claiming: "One can't be harrowed in Yad Vashem and then go back to normal. while the Warsaw Ghetto unfortunately can't be reversed, Ramallah can still be changed."

Dieter Graumann, deputy president of the German Council of Jews, said: "Anyone who compares the condition of the Palestinians with the suffering of the Jews in the ghettos under the Nazis has learned nothing from history; these remarks were antisemitic in character."



Sources : Al-Jazeerah.Info; March 8, 2007; Independent Catholic News, 8 March 2007; Catholic News Service, 7 March 2007; netzeitung.de, 6 March 2007; Haaretz, 7 March 2007.
March 7 Yemeni President Intervenes to Help Jews Threatened by Islamist Group
   
In response to threats made by a Yemeni Islamist group against local Jews in the city of Sa`da in January 2007, Yemeni president `Ali `Abdallah Salih moved 45 Jewish families from Sa`da to San`a in order to protect them. Sa`da is located in the north of the country which is home to extremist groups that reportedly maintain connections with al-Qa`ida far from the reach of the central government`s control. The Jews were given houses by the government and according to some of their relatives in Israel they also receive an allowance to sustain them.

Sources : Ha'aretz, 27 Feb. 2007
March 7 Israeli Muslim Leader to Be Investigated for Alleged Incitement
   
Following allegedly antisemitic remarks made by Israeli Muslim leader Shaykh Ra`id Salah in a speech protesting Israeli excavations in the area of the Maghrebi Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem, Shai Nitzan, from the Israeli prosecutor's office, called, on 22 February 2007, for a police investigation of the cleric for incitement to violence, racism and rebellion. Salah, head of the northern faction of the radical Islamic movement in Israel and leader of the campaign against the evacuations, reportedly claimed that "they [Israel] want to build their Temple while our blood is on their clothing, on their doorposts, in their food and in their water." MP Israel Katz, Likud, submitted a draft law to the Knesset (parliament) calling for a ban on the northern faction of the Islamic movement.

Sources : Ha'aretz, 23 Feb. 2007
March 7 Arab Nominated as Righteous Gentile
   
Khalid `Abd al-Wahhab, a wealthy Tunisian landowner who died in 1997, was nominated in January 2007 for the title Righteous among the Nations, granted by Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum, Jerusalem, by Robert Satloff, an expert on Arab and North African studies. During World War II, when Tunisia was under German occupation,`Abd al-Wahhab saved the lives of two dozen Jews and is the first Arab ever nominated for this title, although some 60 Muslims are among the more than 20,000 Righteous Gentiles already honored. Survivor Anny Boukris, who was 11 at the time, described how al-Wahhab risked his life when he stopped a German officer from raping her mother.

Sources : Ha'aretz, 22 Jan. 07, Jerusalem Post, 24 Jan. 07, JTA, 23 Jan. 07, Al-Sharq al-Awsat, 31 Jan. 07
Feb 27 Antisemitism in Israel
   
On 25 February 2007, the Israeli newspaper Haaretz began a series of articles by Moti Katz on antisemitism in Israel. According to the first article, six under-age newcomers from the CIS were arrested in January 2007 for burning Israeli flags and stealing mezuzahs in Bat Yam, south of Tel Aviv. During questioning they admitted to having been motivated by hatred of the Jews and Judaism. Katz' investigation revealed that there were five cases of desecration of synagogues in Israel during the previous three months, including antisemitic graffiti.

The Dmir organization, which monitors antisemitic manifestations in Israel by perpetrators of CIS origin, recorded an increase in antisemitic activity in Israel in recent years. In 2003 a neo-Nazi website in Russian, called 'White Union in Israel', operated from an Israeli server by Ilya Zolotov, was discovered and closed by the police. Other websites operating from non-Israeli servers by Israeli (of CIS origin) operators, such as www.rusnatcentre.tk (tk stands for Tokelau, a pacific atoll) of the Russian National Centre in Israel, continue to disseminate antisemitic hate messages. Their main objectives are to spread nationalistic propaganda among non-Jewish Russians in Israel and to encourage them to go back to Russia. On the other hand, they try to prevent Jewish emigration back to Russia.



Sources : Haaretz, 25 February 2007. See also item no. 179518, Stephen Roth Database http://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/database.htm
Feb 25 Antisemitic Incidents in Ukraine
   
On 18 February 2007, red swastikas and the slogan "Congratulations on the Holocaust" appeared on a Holocaust memorial near Tolbukhin Square in Odessa, where 25,000 Jews were murdered during World War II. The Ukrainian Foreign Ministry denounced the incident, stating that it discredited Ukraine and that there was no place for antisemitism there. That same day 240 (270) graves were desecrated at the Jewish cemetery in Odessa, also with red swastikas. The ADL issued a statement urging the Ukrainian government to take action against antisemitism and Advocates on Behalf of Jews in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic States and Eurasia (NCSJ), based in the US, condemned the incidents and demanded that the authorities provide adequate protection for Jewish sites.

Sources: Reporter - All News from Odessa 19 February 2007; ADL 21 February 2007; Federation of Jewish Communities of the CIS 21 February 2007; Kyiv Post 20-February 2007, Gorodskoii Dozor 19 February 2007, NEWSru 20 February 2007; Migdal Online 20 February 2007; NCSJ 20 February 2007; Live Journal 20 February 2007; Haaretz 20 February 2007; CBN 21 February 2007.
Feb 21 Terrorists Sentenced in Turkey
   
On 16 February 2007, seven Muslim men were sentenced to life imprisonment and 41 defendants given lesser terms for their involvement in the deadly bombings of two Jewish synagogues and a British banking and financing company in Istanbul on November 2003. Twenty-six defendants were acquitted. The seven were accused of being members of an al-Qa`ida network. After the judge read their sentences, some of the convicted shouted, "Long live hell for nonbelievers!"

Source: New York Times, 17 February 2007
Feb 20 Polish MEP Publishes Antisemitic Pamphlet
   
Extreme right-wing, non-aligned member of the European Parliament, former head of the League of Polish Families, Macie Giertych (a 71-year-old biology professor), is the author of an antisemitic booklet published on 15 February 2007 which, according to a report of the French daily Liberation of 16 February, was published with European Parliament funds.

Giertych describes the Jews as belonging to a civilization "of programmed separateness, of programmed differentiation from the surrounding communities... By their own will, they [the Jews] prefer to live a separate life, in apartheid from the surrounding communities... They form the ghettos themselves." It was only Hitler's Germany that created the concept of 'forced separation', he continued. claiming that "Jews are not pioneers" but migrate from poorer communities to settle among other civilizations "preferably among the rich."

The 32-page pamphlet, which bears the European Parliament logo on its front page, is entitled "Civilisations at War in Europe." The author is the father of Roman Giertych, Poland's vice-premier and minister of education, who in August 2006 asserted in Brussels that the notion of Polish antisemitism is "a myth" and that the antisemitic fringe in Poland is changing. When asked during a press conference in Brussels on 16 February to comment on his father's booklet, the education minister declined to distance himself from his father's ideas, claiming quotes published in the media were "out of context."

Strongly condemning the pamphlet, the European Jewish Congress (EJC) declared that it "reserves the right to bring to court the author of this antisemitic text which reeks of medieval hate and 19th century racial stereotyping," and which "contains the same pre-war theories that led to the Holocaust." German leader of the Socialist parliamentary group Martin Schulz called for an investigation into funding of the booklet, while his colleague, French Socialist MEP Martine Roure, said that his group was shocked by the publication which contains declarations contradicting EU values. A spokesman for the European Commission said the EU executive "rejects and condemns any manifestations of anti-Semitism, racism and xenophobia"; also condemning the text, Hans-Gert P?ttering, president of the European Parliament, promised to investigate the circumstances of its publication, stating: "I am deeply troubled by... the content of the brochure."

Giertych claims that in Europe the ideas of "integration, middle ground and the 'melting pot'" are not possible and that the continent should adhere to "the Latin civilization," as opposed to Jewish, Islamic or other traditions.

Five Polish MEPs issued a statement opposing Giertych's booklet, "which is based on the aberrant theory of civilizations of Polish historiosopher Feliks Koneczny back in the 1930s." The MEPs, all members of the liberal group, are: Bronislaw Geremek, Jan Kulakowski, Janusz Onyszkiewicz, Grazyna Staniszewska and Pawel Piskorski. They said the text represented the views of neither Poles nor the majority of Polish deputies to the European Parliament.



Sources: Euobserver, 16 February 2007; ejpress, 16, 19 February 2007; jta, 15 February 2007; Deutsche Presse Agentur, 16 February 2007; Freee Republic, 16 February 2007
Feb 19 Canadian German Holocaust Denier Sentenced
   
On 15 February 2007, a Mannheim court sentenced German Holocaust denier Ernst Zündel (convicted of 14 counts of incitement) to five years in prison, the maximum penalty for inciting racial hatred and denying the Holocaust (Auschwitzlüge). Zündel's lawyers announced their intention to appeal. Zündel (b.1939) has been a leading Holocaust denier since the 1970s. He immigrated to Canada in 1958 and moved to Tennessee, USA, in 2001. In 2003 he was deported back to Canada for alleged immigration violations and was arrested and held there until his deportation in March 2005 to Germany (see 'Canada', in ASW 2005 and previous reports), where he has been in jail ever since.

Among other activities, he ran the Samisdat publishing company, a leading distributor of Nazi and Holocaust denial propaganda, based in Canada. Zündel published the Holocaust denial booklet Did Six Million Really Die? by Richard Harwood. His Zundelsite website disseminates hate propaganda worldwide.

In his closing statement, in the spirit of Iranian President Ahmadinejad, Zündel proposed that Germany "set up an international commission of experts to examine the Holocaust." The Simon Wiesenthal Center concluded: "The sentencing today of Ernst Zündel also represents a slap in the face to Iranian President Ahmadinejad's hateful campaign of Holocaust denial that unfortunately has generated too much support in the Arab and Muslim world."



Sources: Zündel-entries at the Database of the Stephen Roth Institute; Die Jüdische, 16 February 2007; lipstadt.blogspot, 15 February 2007; Toronto Star, 15 February 2007; National Post, 16 February 2007
Feb 15 Survey on German/Jewish Attitudes toward Each Other
   

 

A survey carried out by the Bertelsmann Foundation at the end of January 2007 sought to convey mutual perceptions of Germans, Israelis and Jews  in the US "against the background of National Socialism, anti-Semitism and opinions toward current political developments in the Middle East."  The findings (1,004 interviews in Germany, 1,015 in Israel and 500 in the US) indicate that a majority of Israelis and American Jews hold positive views of Germany, a dramatic improvement since 1991 when most Jews polled in Israel and in the US believed that Germans held antisemitic views and doubted  the democratic foundations of Germany. The 1991 survey (shortly after German reunification) was commissioned by Der Spiegel and conducted by the TNS Emnid Institute.

The Bertelsmann study found that 57% of Israelis had a favorable opinion of Germany (an increase of 48% since 1991). As to the Germans, 58% of those polled would like to "put the past behind us" in contrast to 74% of Israelis who did not agree, and almost 4 out of 5 of whom believed that their attitudes toward Germany are influenced by the Holocaust.

Disturbingly, 30% of Germans agreed strongly or partially with the statements: "What the State of Israel is doing to the Palestinians is no different in principle from what the Nazis did to the Jews" and "Israel is waging a war of extermination against the Palestinians." One-third of Germans agreed with the assertion that "Jews have too much influence in the world," a decrease of 3% compared to 1991 when 36% supported this classic antisemitic statement.

Four out of ten interviewees in Germany in the 2007 survey considered that National Socialism had good and bad sides. One in ten Germans agreed totally and one in three partially with the statement that Jews were trying to benefit from the Holocaust.



Sources: Berliner Morgenpost, 12 February 2007; Bertelsmann- Stiftung. de, 11 February 2007; Survey of the Bertelsmann Stiftung January 2007;  Haaretz, 12 February 2007

Jan 31 Russian Ultranationalist Demonstration Turns Antisemitic
   
On 28 January 2007, (the 62nd anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz), about 400 right-wing radicals held a demonstration at Triumfalnaia Square, in downtown Moscow. The meeting was initiated by the Movement against Illegal Immigration and other ultranationalist organizations, allegedly to show support for so-called political prisoners, including several activists who were convicted of inciting ethnic hatred. However, the demonstration turned out to be vehemently antisemitic and anti-Caucasian. Many of the participants made the Nazi salute and shouted slogans such as, "There is nothing more frightening than Jewish fascism." Speakers called to put an end to "the genocide" of the Russian people by Jews and Caucasians. Some of the participants held signs inciting against the Jewish population, such as, "Today the Jewish question is one of the honor or dishonor of Russia − the question of life or death of the Russian people." Two thousand policemen were present. Similar demonstrations were held on the same day throughout Russia.

Sources: newsru.com, 25 January 2007; SOVA Center for Information and Analysis, 29 January 2007; walla.co.il, 28 January 2007; Moscow Times 29 January 2007
Jan 30 Zündel Charged in German Court
   
German prosecutors in Mannheim asked a court on 26 January to sentence Holocaust denier Ernst Zündel (66) to five years in prison. Zündel is charged on 14 counts of incitement for his dissemination of far right and antisemitic propaganda both in a series of pamphlets and via his website (http://www.zundelsite.org).

Denying the Holocaust is a crime in Germany, punishable by three months to five years in prison. In his closing argument, prosecutor Andreas Grossmann called Ernst Zündel a "political con man" from whom the German people must be protected." You might as well argue that the sun rises in the west," Grossmann said. "But you cannot change that the Holocaust has been proven." Zündel was deported from Canada in 2005 (see also database of the Stephen Roth Institute). Since then, he and his supporters have argued that he is a political prisoner, denied his right to free speech. Zündel's main defense lawyer is right-wing extremist Jürgen Rieger.



Sources: de.news.yahoo, 26 January 2007; zundelsite, 26 January 2007; torontosun, 27 January 2007; Haaretz, 26 January 2007; Guardian, 27 January 2007
Jan 29 Holocaust Memorial in Germany Razed
   
A Holocaust memorial in the form of a railway carriage of the Reichsbahn (dating from the Nazi era) was razed completely by fire in the German city of Verden, Lower Saxony. The suspected arson attack occurred on 26 January 2007, the eve of Holocaust Memorial Day, when a ceremony was due to take place in Verden, in memory of victims of the Holocaust transported by rail as Nazi slave workers. German Jewish leaders had warned that extreme right-wing militants had been threatening to attack Holocaust memorials.

During a Holocaust memorial ceremony on the 62nd anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, , in Frankfurt a.d. Oder, near the German-Polish border, German Chancellor Angela Merkel promised that Germany would have "zero tolerance" for neo-Nazis and urged all democrats to fight the rise of right-wing extremism and antisemitism.



Sources: Tagesschau.de, 26 January 2007; jta, 26 January 2007; Deutsche Presse Agentur, 26 January 2007; Allheadlinenews, 28 January 2007; ejpress, 26 January 2007.
Jan 23 Yemenite Jews Threatened by Radical Islamists
   
On 10 January 2007 an extremist group, supporters of the radical Shi`i cleric Hussein Badr Eddin al Houti, demanded that Jews leave the Sa'ada region in Northern Yemen by 20 January 2007. The warning came after Jewish residents asked for equality with Yemenite citizens and signed an agreement with the authorities in this respect. The frightened group left their homes for the Paris Tower Hotel in Sa'ada, where they have stayed since 17 January at the expense of the local sheikh, Hassan Manaa. Local officials promised to protect them when they return home.

"We are a total of 45 Jews; we left our houses in the Al Haid area of Sa'ada to seek shelter in a hotel here in the city of Sadaa, after we received warnings to leave our country, Yemen, within 10 days from the date of the threat letter," Dawoud Yousuf Mousa (Yehiw Moussa Merhavi) one of the Jews who arrived in Sanaa, told Gulf News. According to Mousa, four masked people threatened to slaughter him and the other Jews if they did not leave by 19 January.

A letter signed by Yahya Sad al-Kudhir, a leader of the militants, and faxed to Gulf News, said, "After accurate surveillance over the Jews residing in Al Haid, it has become clear to us that they were doing things that serve mainly Zionism, which seeks to corrupt the people and distance them from their principles, their values, their morals, and their religion."

According to Judeoscope, Canada, the militants in question are Islamists inspired by the Hizballah, and suspected of receiving support from Iran.



Sources: gulfnews.com, 22 January 2007; Haaretz, 22 January 2007; Daily India.com, 22 January 2007; Jerusalem Post, 22 January 2007; La Stampa, 22 January 2007;; United Press International, 22 January 2007; ynet.news, 22 January 2007; Judeoscope.ca, 22 January 2007.
Jan 16 Escalation in Antisemitic Activity in Switzerland
   
According to figures published by the Swiss AkdH (Aktion Kinder des Holocaust - association that combats antisemitism, racism and extremism) on 14 January 2007, the number of antisemitic manifestations reported in the German-speaking part of Switzerland doubled in 2006. From September 2005 until December 2006, the AkdH registered 73 cases compared to 32 in 2004. Of these, 42 were directed against Jewish institutions, such as the synagogue desecrations in Biel and Wittigofen. According to Samuel Althof, head of the AkdH, while the trend of a rise in antisemitic manifestations was obvious, the numbers did not necessarily reflect an increase of 100 percent. Perhaps, said Althof, the monitoring body was becoming better known. The AKdH has been monitoring antisemitic incidents since 2004 on behalf of the SIG (Swiss Jewish Community). The SIG and the AkdH have been calling for a national antisemitism monitoring body federation-wide.

A similar phenomenon was observed in the French speaking part of Switzerland where, according to a report of the CIDAD (Intercommunity Coordination Against Antisemitism and Defamation), Geneva, published in April 2006, the number of antisemitic acts doubled in 2005, reaching 75, compared to 34 in 2004 (see Database item 183579).

On 18 July 2006 the Department of Sociology at Geneva University published a report stating that 20 percent of the Swiss population harbored antisemitic sentiments.



Sources: blick, 14 January 2007; akdh, 14 January 2007; Aargauer Zeitung, 14 January 2007; European Jewish Congress, 25 April 2006; CICAD, 18 July 2006.
Jan 14 Ultra-Right-Wing European Parliamentary Group Formed
   
According to the rules of the European Parliament, a minimum of 19 MEPs from at least five countries is required in order to form a political grouping with official status, meaning inter alia, access to special funding of ca. 50,000 Euros.

With the accession of Romania and Bulgaria to the EU (bringing the total to 27 member states) on 1 January 2007, the extreme right-wing group Identity, Tradition and Sovereignty (ITS; initially called Enlightened Nationalism) received the necessary quota (20 MEPs from 7 nations) to become an official EU parliamentary group. Parties represented in the ITS are:

French National Front, Bruno Gollnisch
Austrian Freedom Party, Andreas Mölzer
Vlaams Belang (Flemish nationalists), Philip Claeys, Koenraad Dillen, Frank Vanhecke
Greater Romania Party, Daniela Buruiană, Eugen Mihăescu, Viorica Moisuc, Petre Popeangă, Cristian Stănesc
National Union Attack (Bulgaria), Dimitra Stroyanov
Alternativa Sociale, Fiamma Tricolore (Italy), Allessandra Mussolini
Ashley Mote (British Independent)

They signed a political charter on 9 January 2007. According to ITS leader Bruno Gollnisch of the French National Front, besides opposition to Turkish accession to the EU, the ITS seeks to defend Christian values, "the family, and European civilization." It should be noted that Gollnisch is currently awaiting a judicial verdict on charges of Holocaust denial. On 16 January ITS is expected to make its official appearance as a parliamentary group in Strasbourg. The leader of the Socialist group in the European Parliament, Martin Schulz, called to isolate the group within the parliament

In a press release (http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASInt_13/4959_13.htm) of 10 January, the ADL branded the ITS, which besides Gollnisch includes many xenophobic and antisemitic extremists, "a disturbing show of unity among bigots."



Sources: ZIUA.ro, 4 January 2007; buzzflash.com, 12 January 2007; BBC news, 12 January 2007; ADL press release, 10 January 2007
Jan 9 Germany Wants Holocaust Denial Punishable EU-Wide
   
In light of the escalation of ultra-right-wing crimes in many EU member states, and the cross-border cooperation between extreme right-wingers, German Justice Minister Brigitte Zypries (SPD) declared that with Germany's assumption of the EU presidency in the first half of 2007, an effort would be made to pass Europe-wide legislation setting common European standards and strengthening networking between European police and justice authorities in order to fight these phenomena efficiently. Zypries will also seek to make Holocaust denial, as well as the display of Nazi symbols, punishable by law Europe-wide. Zypries is optimistic that such measures will be passed since Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi, who in the past opposed them, has withdrawn his objections.

For Germany's EU presidency see:
http://www.eu2007.de/de/The_Council_Presidency/index.html

For interview with German Justice Minister Brigitte Zypries, see:
http://www.bild.t-online.de/BTO/news/2007/01/08/zypries-terror-flugzeuge/zypries-terror-flugzeuge.html



Sources: deutsche welle, 8 January 2007; Spiegel online, 8 January 2007; bild-online, 8 January 2007

2006


Dec 14 Iran's Holocaust Conference, 11-12 December 2006
   
"Review of the Holocaust: Global Vision," a conference where "the historical facts of the Holocaust" were purportedly discussed in a "free and open atmosphere," opened on 11 December, in Tehran, with the participation of over 60 so-called experts and six ultra-Jewish orthodox rabbis, known mainly for their strong anti-Zionist convictions. The conference, the first of its kind in the Middle East, was conceived by Iranian President Mahmud Ahmadinejad in February, when he announced the holding of an international Holocaust cartoon competition following the publication of the Danish cartoons of Prophet Muhammad and the international criticism voiced in the wake of his branding the Holocaust a myth and his vow to wipe Israel off the face of the map. The sessions of the conference, which was organized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Institute for Political and International Studies, included, "Historical Survey," "Holocaust: Concept and Justification/Evidence," and "Aftermath and Exploitation." Among the speakers on the first day were French Holocaust denier Robert Faurisson, American white supremacist and Holocaust denier David Duke, and the director of the Adelaide Institute (the center for Australian Holocaust denial), Frederik T?ben, who spoke of "The Alleged Murder Weapon: Homicidal Gas Chambers." An antisemitic poster depicting a red X, indicating erasure of the word 'Israel', and a boot over the globe was hanging behind the stage.

Israeli Arab lawyer, Khalid Kassab Mahamid, who has a small Holocaust museum in Nazareth and believes Arabs should learn about the Holocaust in order to properly understand Israeli society and thus eventually gain recognition of the Palestinian tragedy, asked to attend but was barred entry to the country. Palestinian Mahmud al-Safadi, who was sentenced to 27 years in jail by Israel for throwing Molotov cocktails during the 1988 intifada, sent an open letter to Ahmadinejad, explaining that his stance toward the Holocaust harmed the Arab cause. Independence would not be gained by "denying the genocide against the Jewish people," he asserted.

Addressing the participants during the closing session, Ahmadinejad said that "just as the Soviet Union was wiped out and today does not exist, so too the Zionist regime will soon be wiped out. This is what God has promised and what all nations want."

Europe, the Vatican, the US, Canada and Israel expressed official outrage and denounced the conference. Franco Frattini, the EU's top justice official said that the conference showed an "utter disregard of historically established facts" and was "an unacceptable affront not only to the victims of that tragedy and their descendants, but also to the whole democratic world".

The English edition of Al Jazeera TV station reported that many ordinary Iranians admitted to embarrassment about the event and that "a former senior government official, who declined to be named, said that "such conferences should not be held."

For the program of the conference, see: http://www.adelaideinstitute.org/2006December/contents_program1.htm
For Frederic T?ben's lecture, see: http://www.adelaideinstitute.org/2006December/FT_talk.htm
For David Duke's speech, see: http://www.davidduke.com/?p=1532
For Rabbi Aharon Cohen's speech, see: http://www.http://www.nkusa.org/activities/Speeches/2006Iran-ACohen.cfm

Participants scheduled to appear at the conference were:
Prof. Patrick McNally (Tokyo, Japan), Fl?vio Consalves (Lisbon, Portugal) Georges Theil (Grenoble, France) , Dr. Robert Faurisson (Vichy, France), Jean Faurisson (Paris, France), Bradley Smith (Rosarito, Mexico), Fredrick T?ben (Adelaide-Norwood, Australia), Richard Krege (Canberra, Australia), Mohammed Hegazi (Melbourne, Australia), George Kadar (Budapest, Hungary), Alessia Lai (Roma, Italia), Dr. Werner Schaller (Irving/Z?ndel lawyer), Wolfgang Fr?hlich and Hans Gamlich (Vienna, Austria), Rabbi Yisroel Weiss / Yeshaye Rosenberg (New York, USA), Matthias Chang (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia), Dr. David Duke (New Orleans, USA), Jan Bernhoff (Stockholm, Sweden).



Sources: New York Times, 6, 11 Dec.; Jerusalem Post, 10, 11 Dec.; The Independent, 10 Dec.; IRNA, 11,12 Dec.; Ha'aretz, 11, 12, 13 Dec.; CNN, Ynet, CICAD, 11 December; Washington Post, 12 Dec.; Honestly Concerned, 12 Dec.; Aljazeera.net, 11 Dec.; Catholic World News, 12 Dec. BusinessDay, 13 Dec.; Honestly-Concerned, 12 Dec.; Le Temps, 13 Dec.; 2006; Die J?dische, 13 Dec. 2006.
Nov 27 Over 100 Windows of Vienna School Smashed
   
A man in his thirties was arrested on the premises of the Lauder Chabad School in Vienna in the early morning of 26 November, on suspicion of having caused severe damage to this Jewish institution. He had allegedly used an iron rod to smash more than 100 windows and to cause damage to the school rest rooms. No statement was given by the police as to the perpetrator's motives. However, when arrested, he is said to have introduced himself as 'Adolf Hitler'. The leaders of the Jewish community viewed the incident as the most severe in the last 20 years.

Sources: die j?dische, 26 Nov.2006; Herald Tribune, 27 Nov. 2006; Wallah-news, 27 Nov. 2006; Jerusalem, 26 Nov. 2006.
Nov 21 British Muslim Leader Supported Holocaust Denier
   
According to the Observer of 19 November 2005, Asghar Bukhari, a prominent British Muslim leader and founder of the Muslim Public Affairs Committee (MPACUK), admitted that he had made donations to Holocaust denier David Irving. Bukhari explained that besides a cash donation he made in 2000 to Irving's legal fund, he had also asked many Muslim websites to create a link to Irving's site in order to help him "expose certain falsehoods perpetrated by the Jews". Bukhari, who says he opposes antisemitism and Holocaust denial, explained that at the time he thought Irving was an anti-Zionist.

Referring to the three-year prison sentence Irving received earlier this year in Austria for Holocaust denial, Bukhari said to it was wrong to jail Irving for his assertions that the scale and planning of the Nazi genocide had been exaggerated. The MPACUK claimed on their site that Bukhari had made a mistake 6 years ago and that "now that it has become clear that Irving does in fact hold such dispicable [sic] views Asghar Bukhari has no hesitation in opposing him".

The report of the UK All-Party Parliamentary Inquiry into Antisemitism stated, inter alia, that "MPACUK has been criticized for publishing material on its website promoting the idea of a worldwide Zionist conspiracy, including the reproduction of articles originally published on neo-Nazi and Holocaust Denial websites, and is currently banned from university campuses".



Sources: The Observer, 19 November 2006; JTA, 20 November 2006; The All-Party Parliamentary Report, 2006; MPACUK.Org, 19 November 2006
Nov 20 German Academics Petition against 'Special Relationship' with Israel
   
In a petition published on 15 November 2006, in Frankfurter Rundschau, 25 academics from German universities and academic institutions stated that it was time for Germany to abandon the 'special relationship' with Israel and recognize Palestinian suffering as a result of the Holocaust. "As Germans, Austrians and Europeans we are not only responsible for the existence of Israel.. but also for the living conditions... and future... of the Palestinian people," they said.

Rejecting the petition, the spokesman of the German embassy in Israel declared that it was not in the spirit of the German-Israel relationship. "The position of the German government regarding the special relationship will not change," he said.



Sources: Frankfurter Rundschau, 15 November 2006; Jerusalem Newswire, 16 November 2006; IHC, 16 November 2006; Jerusalem Post, 16 November 2006
Nov 14 Survey Reveals Extreme Right-Wing Views among Germans
   
A study about antisemitic, xenophobic and Nazi attitudes, based on a survey conducted in May-June 2006 by the University of Leipzig for the German Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (SPD) among 5,000 Germans, was published on 8 November 2006. The study showed that extreme right-wing views are firmly established in the mainstream of German society, and across all social classes and ages . Following are some examples:

- 15% of all Germans long for a strong leader (Fuehrer); 26% want a one-party system, representing the Volksgemeinschaft (national community).

- Country-wide, 18% believe that Jews still have too much influence, and almost 14% think that Jews are strange and do not fit in well with the German mentality (sie passen nicht so recht zu uns). Antisemitic tendencies are higher in west Germany than in the east. The highest antisemitic tendencies were found in the richer states like Bavaria.

- 15% believe that Germans are superior "by nature" to other cultures.

- 40% believe that Germany is dangerously swamped by foreigners.

The findings of the survey show that neither education nor affiliation to specific political parties or churches prevent people from holding extreme right-wing ideologies.



Sources: tagesschau.de, 12 November 2006; Spiegel.de, 8 November 2006; de.news.yahoo, 8 November 2006; ejpress, 8 November 2006; ynetnews, 12 November 2006
Oct 22 Jewish Soccer Players Suffer Antisemitic Abuse in Germany
   
On 26 September 2006, players from the Jewish club TuS Maccabi walked off the field in the 78th minute due to a tirade of antisemitic abuse hurled at them during a soccer match against VSG Altglienicke II of Treptow, east Berlin. Fans chanted 'Gas the Jews', 'Synagogues must burn again' and 'Auschwitz is back.' The referee did not intervene. One sign read 'The NPD rules here, not the DFB (German Football Union)'. VSG Altglienicke claimed that Maccabi players had provoked the abuse. On 13 October, the Berlin Soccer Association (BFV) ordered players and coaches of the VSG Altglienicke to attend a seminar against racism. Those who refuse will lose their right to play in any Berlin league.

Sources: Sueddeutsche.de, 11 Oct. 2006; SomethingJewish, 10 Oct. 2006; Anti-Defamation Forum, 5 Oct.2006; Neues Deutschland, 12 Oct. 2006; Yahoo!, 14 Oct. 2006
Oct 19 Nazi-Style Incident in German School
   
On 12 October 2006, a 16-year-old boy was forced by three classmates in the Parey High School, Saxony-Anhalt, during the break, to carry an antisemitic sign around his neck and walk around the schoolyard. The placard read: "I'm the biggest pig in town, only with Jews do I hang around" (Ich bin am Ort das grosste Schwein, ich lass mich nur mit Juden ein!!!)." Branding the incident "disgusting," Saxony -Anhalt Interior Minister Holger Hovelmann said that the NSDAP and the SA had similarly humiliated people in Germany when the Nazis came to power in 1933. The police detained three pupils for questioning. The display of Nazi symbols is illegal in Germany.

Sources: Spiegel online, 13 October 2006; Ha'aretz, 13 October 2006; Walla News, 13 October 2006; Yahoo, 13 October 2006; EJP, 13 October 2006.
Oct 6 French Holocaust Denier Convicted
   
On 3 October 2006, Robert Faurisson (77) was convicted for the sixth time by a Paris court of contesting "the existence of a crime against humanity" - denial of the Holocaust. He was given a three months suspended prison sentence and fined 7,500 euros. The case concerned an interview given by Faurisson in February 2005 to the Iranian satellite TV channel Sahar 1 (banned in France since March 2005 for transmitting antisemitic broadcasts), during which he declared that the Nazis did not try to exterminate the Jews and that there were no gas chambers at Auschwitz.

Sources: boursier.com, 3 October 2006; CICAD, 4 October 2006; EJP, 4 October 2006.

Sept 26 Shots fired at Oslo Synagogue
   
An Oslo synagogue was damaged after persons in a passing vehicle fired at it on the night of 16 September 2006. Three days later, four suspects were arrested.

On 21 September Oslo police announced that the charges against the four suspects had been expanded to include terrorism, and that an investigation was under way to determine whether they had also been involved in planning to blow up the US and Israeli embassies in the Norwegian capital.

"This is the last in a series of incidents this summer whose purpose, it seems, is to scare us," said Anne Sender, leader of the Mosaic Religious Community. The Bishop of Oslo, Ole Christian Kvarme, called for more government support for the Jewish community in Norway (800 active members). Norwegian Justice Minister Knut Storberget, promised immediate security improvements for the synagogue.



Sources: y-news, 17 September 2006; Jerusalem Post, 17 September 2006; Aftenposten, 20 September 2006; Washington Post, 21 September 2006;

Sept 8 Neo-Nazi Network in Belgium
   
On 8 September 2006 Belgian Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt announced that police had arrested 17 right-wing extremists, alleged members of a neo-Nazi network - most of them soldiers - in 4 Flemish cities: Dendermonde, Leopoldsburg, Kleine Brogel and Herentals. The ring-leader is a member of the neo-Nazi Blood and Honor group. The prime minister called the infiltration of extreme right-wing activists in the army, intolerable. Those arrested, after an investigation of two years, have also been accused of disseminating racism, xenophobia, Holocaust denial, antisemitism and neo-Nazism.

Sources: EJ Press, 8 September 2006; cbc.ca, 8 September 2006; CICAD, 8 September 2006; de.news.yahoo.com, 8 September 2006

Sept 7 Jewish Families Sue Khatami
   
On Thursday, September 7, 2006, seven Jewish Iranian families, residing in the USA and Israel, used the opportunity of former Iranian President (1997-2005) Mohammad Khatami's presence in the USA, to file a lawsuit against him in the Manhattan Federal Court. The plaintiffs who are suing under the Alien Tort Claims Act and the Torture Victim Protection Act, are claiming that their relatives ( 12 male Jews), who were arrested and tortured after they tried to cross into Pakistan during the years 1994 through 1997, are said to be missing since then. The summons was handed to Khatami during a reception hosted by the Council of American-Islamic Relations. They charge Khatami with having singled out the Jewish community by authorizing the secret imprisonment of Jews indefinitely.

Sources: Shurat Hadin, 11 September 2006; International Harold Tribune, 9 September 2006; Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 9 September 2006

Sept 1 Small Explosive Found at Synagogue in Bastia, Corsica.
   
On September 1st, 2006 a small home made explosive was found outside the Bet-Meir synagogue in Bastia, Corsica. The bomb, made of a gas canister with explosive material, connected to a detonator, failed to explode. The anti-terrorist section of the police is investigating the incident. No group claimed responsibility. The bombs are usually planted overnight in order not to cause casualties,. In a letter to the Jewish community, the prefect of Corsica, Michel Delpuech, wrote that he vigorously condemned the attack.

Sources: Haaretz, 1 September 2006; EJP, 3 September 2006; Deutsche Presse Agentur, 1 September 2006; Reuters, 1 September 2006; The Tocqueville Connection, 1 September 2006.

Aug 27 Jewish Girl Attacked on London Bus
   
While on board a bus in Mill Hill, north London, the victim and her friend were approached by a group of four girls who asked them if they were English or Jewish. Both answered "fully English". When they tried to leave the bus the gang blocked their way and searched them. After having robbed a bracelet from one of the girls, they threw her to the floor of the bus and kicked and stamped on her face. She was seriously injured. The police are said to be investigating the incident as a racially aggravated robbery.

Sources: This Is Local London, 27 August 2006;

Aug 17 Rise in Antisemitic Manifestations in Germany
   
Since the outbreak of the latest hostilities in the Middle East, in July 2006, Jews in Germany have been experiencing increasing manifestations of antisemitism. Hundreds of hate messages have been received daily by Jewish organizations and individuals. Gideon Joffe, head of the Jewish community in Berlin, reports a rising number of antisemitic incidents at schools throughout the capital. According to Joffe, those directing their aggression against Jewish pupils are not only Muslims.

An analysis (by Media Tenor International) of the news coverage of Germany' s public TV stations, ARD and ZDF, regarding events in the Middle East from 21 July until 3 August 2006, and published on 11 August, demonstrated that an anti-Israel perspective prevailed. Following are some of the findings: 1) The Israeli army is primarily shown in the context of violent actions, while Hizballah fighters hardly appear at all. 2) Victims are mostly Lebanese; images of Israeli victims are rare. Israel is usually portrayed as the perpetrator.

According to Prof. Frank Brettschneider, chair of the Faculty of Communication Sciences at the University of Hohenheim who specializes in communication theory: "The Israeli army has not been portrayed as the organization of a lively democracy under democratic control and legitimization, but rather as one that follows the principle 'an eye for an eye'. The question of who is portrayed as the victim/perpetrator, which is relevant for media effects, was clearly answered for German audiences: Israel is primarily the perpetrator, while civilians in Lebanon are the main victims. "



Sources: Media Tenor International, 11 August 2006; Berliner Zeitung, 15 August 2006.

Aug 9 Chavez's Antisemitic References to Lebanon Conflict Criticized by Venezuelan Jewish Organization
   
One day after Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez recalled his country's diplomatic representative in Israel, the Confederation of Israelite Association of Venezuela, CAIV, which in the past has defended President Chavez against charges of antisemitism (see Updates, Jan. 19), denounced (4 Aug. 2006), "the attempts at transferring the conflict in the Middle East to Venezuela, as well as antisemitic expressions disguised as anti-Zionism, to government and pro-government media that encourage hatred and discrimination." The statement also criticized efforts to "banalize the Holocaust" by comparing it to the current military campaign.

During a recent visit to Iran, Chavez condemned Israel's attacks in Gaza and Lebanon, compared the Beirut bombings to Hitler's actions in World War II, and labeled Israel's treatment of the Palestinians genocidal. "The Israelis are doing exactly what Hitler did to them; they are killing children, innocents and entire families," he told al-Jazeera.

In its 2005 findings, the Stephen Roth Institute noted the fact that politicians and journalists associated with the party of President Hugo Chavez used the Holocaust to attack both Israel and the local Jewish community by comparing the plight of the Palestinians to the Holocaust or denying it altogether (see General Analysis) .



Sources: Venezuelanalysis, 4 Aug. 2006; Jerusalem Post, 4, 6 Aug. 2006; el universal.com, 4 Aug. 2006.

July 27 Norwegian Newspaper Compares Olmert to Nazi Commandant
   
Norway's largest daily, Oslo Dagbladet, published a cartoon on 10 July 2006, by well-known political cartoonist Finn Graf. In it Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert is likened to Amon Goeth, the commandant of the Plaszow Nazi death camp near Krakow who murdered Jews by firing at them indiscriminately from his balcony. The scene he invoked is taken from Steven Spielberg's film Schindler's List. The cartoon prompted an outrage among the country's small Jewish community (1,300 members) and the Norwegian Israel Center against Anti-Semitism, an Oslo-based organization, asked the government to speak out against antisemitism. Five days later on Saturday 15 July, 2006, the Norwegian newspaper Vart Land reported that a Jew was assaulted by Arabs in the streets of Oslo. The Jewish community in Oslo has therefore suggested that members not wear a skullcap outside their home, or that they cover it under a cap. They also recommend not speaking Hebrew in public.

Sources: Brussels Journal, 20 July 2006; VL.NO, 26.July 2006 ; dagbladet.no, 25 July 2006; Jerusalem Post, 25 July 2006; pub.tv2.no, 20 July, 2006; Aftenposten.no, 20 July 06.

July 17 Don't Support Zionists, Warns Ahmadinejad
   
In an Iranian television program aired on 11 July 2006, President Ahmadinejad warned western countries not to support Israel because this would incur the rage of the Muslim peoples. He accused Zionists of opposing not only Islam and Muslims but humanity as a whole. Reflecting the spirit of 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion', he added that these corrupt people wanted to dominate the entire world and would even sacrifice the western regimes to further their own interests.

Sources: MEMRI, 13 July 2006

July 5 60th Anniversary of Kielce Massacre Commemorated
   
The 60th anniversary of Europe's last pogrom, in the Polish city of Kielce, was marked by the sounding of air raid sirens in memory of 40 men, women and children, most of them Holocaust survivors, who were lynched by a mob of several hundred Poles. On 4 July 1946, the atmosphere in Kielce was inflamed by a rumor that a 6-year-old Polish boy had been abducted by Jews, allegedly for a ritual killing. The massacre has never been fully investigated. In 2004 due to lack of convincing evidence, the latest inquiry into the Kielce pogrom was finally discontinued. According to the prosecutor of the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) Krysztof Falkiewicz:

Assumptions of Polish and Soviet special service involvement were reviewed. Other interpretations spoke of the incident being provoked through Jewish organizations, or by former underground Home Army members, which was a convenient explanation for the erstwhile communist authorities. None of these hypotheses were sufficiently substantiated in the evidence gathered to be classified as solid proof. That is why the case has ultimately been dropped.

A common assumption is that Christian residents feared they would have to return property they had stolen from the Jews during the Holocaust.

At a ceremony in the city of Kielce, on 4 July 2006, unveiling a monument in memory of those murdered, an aide read a message from President Lech Kaczynski (who was said to be ill):

As the president of Poland, I want to say it loud and clear: what happened in Kielce 60 years ago was a crime. This is a great shame and tragedy for the Poles and the Jews, so few of whom survived Hitler's Holocaust.

The anniversary came at a sensitive time for Poland: two months previously the governing Law and Justice party had formed a coalition with the extreme right League of Polish Families; this fact, according to the European Union, may be responsible for an increase of intolerance in Poland. (see database item 185017).



Sources: The Scotsman, 5 July 2006; Polskie Radio, 5 July 2006; Frankfurter Rundschau, 4 July 2006; Walla News, 5 July 2006; Ha'aretz , 17 May 2006.

June 7 French Black Supremacy Group Manifests Antisemitic Hatred
   
On 28 May 2006, 30-40 members of a black supremacy group marched through the historic Jewish Marais neighborhood, rue des Rosiers, in central Paris, shouting antisemitic slogans. Reportedly, they were dressed in black, wielded sticks and baseball bats and shouted "Death to the Jews" and other antisemitic insults. The French Office of Vigilance against Antisemitism (BNCVA) issued a statement stating the rally was organized by Tribu KA, a black identity group described by police as extremist. On 29 May Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy called for for an investigation of Tribu KA and spoke of the possibility of banning the group. A first step was to close their website. BNCVA claimed that gang members performed Nazi salutes, sought fights with the neighborhood's Jews, and threatened and intimidated them.

Tribu-KA, created in December 2004, opposes all contacts between blacks and non-blacks. Its leader, Kemi Seba, formerly Stellio Gilles Robert, was once a member of Nation of Islam in Paris. Tribu KA members describe themselves as being 'Kemites' (the ancient Egyptians referred to their land as Khemet, or 'the black land'; according to Tribu-KA's mission statement, 'khemite' means 'black' "in the language of slavery"), and the chosen black people who were made to rule the world. In February 2005 a dozen young men and women claiming to be part of Tribu-KA, infiltrated a meeting of the Jewish-Black Friendship Association and warned the Jews to cease all contacts with their Khemite brothers.

Antisemitic hatred as manifested by the Tribu KA is increasing among France's radical black population, which accuses the Jews of being the descendants of slave traders.



Sources: France Echos, 28 May 2006; The Tocqueville Connection, 29 May 2006; AfricaMaat, 24 November 2006; Timesonline, 30 May 2006; Poche-Orient.info; 29 May 2006; EJP, 6 June 2006.; Le Figaro, 30 May 2006; Tribu Ka - Mission Statement (Tribu Ka, cache)

May 31 Poland's Chief Rabbi Attacked
   
On 27 May 2006, one day before the visit of Pope Benedict XVI to Auschwitz, Poland's chief rabbi, Michael Schudrich, was attacked with what appeared to be pepper spray in downtown Warsaw. The perpetrator also punched him and shouted "Poland to Poles" before fleeing the scene. The police are treating the event as an antisemitic attack. According to the chief rabbi, the incident is not connected to the Pope's visit but to the increase of intolerance, linked to the new governing coalition in Poland, which includes the extreme right-wing League of Polish Families (LPR). Prime Minister Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz called Schudrich and assured him that there is "no place for antisemitism in Poland."

Sources: Der Spiegel, 28 May 2006; nana.co.il, 28 May 2006

May 17 Italian Cartoon Compares Israel to Nazi Germany
   
The daily Liberazione, party organ of the Italian Communist Party (Rifondazione Comunista), published a cartoon in the readers' letters section on 12 May showing Israel's security barrier with a gate bearing the sign "Hunger Liberates." This phrase is a play on the motto "Work Liberates," which appeared on the 'welcome' sign of the Auschwitz extermination camp during WWII. A spokesman for the Milan Jewish community called on Liberazione to dismiss the editor while the Israeli ambassador to Italy, Ehud Gol, labeled the comparison between Nazi Germany and Israel "shameful and humiliating."

Sources: Liberazione, 12 May 2006; y-net news 15 May 2006; die J?dische, 16 May 2006

May 17 Tunisian Students in Anti-Jewish Protest
   
During the inauguration of the Paul Sebag Fund at the Arts Faculty of Manouba University in Tunis, on 10 March 2006, a group of students shouted slogans such as "Jews to the sea," "Destroy Israel," "No Jews at the university," and "We shall kill all Jews." Paul Sebag was a Tunisian Jewish sociologist who donated his library to the Tunisian university upon his death in 2004. The students tried to block the entrance to the lecture hall, and struck Claude Nataf, president of the History Society of Jews in Tunisia, while he was trying to protect Sebag's daughter. In response, Roger Cukeirman, president of CRIF, protested to the Tunisian ambassador to France, demanding disciplinary measures against the students involved in the incident

Sources: www.north-of-africa.com 20 March-2006; CRIF, 18 March 2006

May 10 New Plans for Academic Boycott of Israel
   
A motion to boycott Israeli lecturers and universities that do not speak out openly against Israeli policies in the territories was drafted by the southeast region of the National Association of Teachers in Further and Higher Education (NATFHE) in the UK and is due to be discussed on 27-29 May 2006 during their annual conference. In contrast to the April 2005 aborted boycott of the Association of University Teachers (AUT), which specifically targeted the universities of Haifa and Bar-Ilan, the current motion relates to Israel as a whole. Further, instead of the union boycotting Israeli academic institutions, the motion recommends that the decision be up to individual members. Because it would be a 'silent boycott', such individuals would not easily be detected and the union as a whole could not be made responsible, thus avoiding expensive lawsuits.

Sources: Haaretz 9 May 2006; anglicansforisrael, 22 March 2006.

April 27 Holocaust Deniers Sentenced
   
John Gudenus, a former legislator in Austria's upper house of parliament, was sentenced on 26 April 2006 to a suspended one-year prison term for denying aspects of the Holocaust. Gudenus had declared in April 2005, during an Austrian television interview, that the existence of gas chambers in the Third Reich should be "seriously debated." Later he amended his remarks to say that "there were gas chambers, though not in the Third Reich but in Poland." According to Austrian law, Gudenus could have faced up to 10 years in prison for denying the Holocaust had he been found guilty by the eight-member panel of jurors. <

Two weeks earlier, on 11 April 2006 Spanish Holocaust denier Pedro Varela was arrested in his bookstore Libreria Europa in central Barcelona and hundreds of books denying or minimizing the Holocaust were seized. After posting bail, Varela was released. He may be subject to 5 years in prison if convicted. On 16 November 1998 Varela was sentenced to 5 years imprisonment, Spain's first conviction for Holocaust denial.



Sources: Ha'aretz, 26 April 2006; rense.com, 16 April 2006; Journal of Historical Review, 1998

March 30 Perpetrator of Moscow Synagogue Attack Jailed
   
On 27 March 2006, the Moscow City Court sentenced Alexander Koptsev to 13 years imprisonment after finding him guilty of attempted murder motivated by ethnic hatred. Koptsev had entered the synagogue on Bolshaia Bronnaia Street, Moscow, on 11 January 2006, and knifed 8 people (see Stephen Roth Institute Database item). According to the prosecutor, Koptsev had made two previous attempts to attack a synagogue.

Source: RIA Novosti, 27 March 2006; MIG News, 27. March 2006; Grani, 27 March 2006

Feb 27 European Holocaust Deniers Involved in Iranian Holocaust Conference Plans
   
An international Holocaust denial center in Australia, the Adelaide Institute, has been publishing on its site correspondence between the director of the Neda Institute of Political Sciences in Teheran, Dr. Jawad Sharbaf, French Holocaust denier Prof. Robert Faurisson and German Holocaust denier Horst Mahler. The content of the letters shows the involvement of western Holocaust deniers in shaping official Iranian attitudes toward the Holocaust, Israel and the Jews. On 29 December 2005, one month before the Iranian president branded the Holocaust 'a myth' (see Updates), Faurisson was contacted by Sharbaf regarding the organization of an 'international Holocaust [denial] conference'. Faurisson had doubts about the timing of the conference ? since leading Holocaust deniers are "either in prison [Faurisson calls them 'prisoners of conscience'], in exile or in a precarious situation that prevents them from crossing national borders" - but suggested that the Iranian president set up an international center for "revisionist studies [Holocaust denial]. to propagate historical revisionism's attainments in the Arabo-Muslim world." In a letter to Faurisson, Horst Mahler wrote on 30 December 2005 that "the conference should be held under any circumstances, as now it is time to go to jail for the truth."

Sources: Adelaide Institute Newsletter 275, February 2006; Haaretz, 22 February 2006.

Feb 21 European Jewish Congress Files Complaint in Hague against Iranian President
   
Following an extraordinary meeting in Vienna, Austria, on 19 February 2006, the European Jewish Congress (EJC) general assembly decided to file a complaint with the International Criminal Court in The Hague against Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad on the grounds of incitement to genocide. The Iranian president has repeatedly called the Holocaust a myth and said that Israel should be "wiped off the map". The EJC, which comprises 40 leaders of European Jewish communities, is beginning a campaign which calls for the Iranian president to be made 'persona non grata ad personam' within EU territory.

EJPress, 21 February 2006; european jewish congress, 15 February 2006; Haaretz, 19 February 2006; Haaretz (in Hebrew), 19, 21 February.

Feb 13 US Academic's Support for Iranian President Condemned
   
In the wake of the international uproar following the statements of Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad that the Holocaust was a myth, McCormick Prof. Arthur Butz of Northwestern University (NU) (Illinois) gave an interview to the Iranian news agency MEHR on 26 December 2005 branding the Holocaust - the extermination of millions of Jews during World War II - "a hoax with a Zionist provenance." In a statement issued on 6 February 2006, NU president Henry Bienen described Butz's support of the Iranian president "a contemptible insult to all decent people." Leaders of Jewish organizations at NU condemned the statements of Butz, during a forum organized on 7 February after Butz's interview was reprinted by the Chicago Tribune. In an open letter of the Religion Department Faculty, the signatories denounced faked data and called Arthur Butz "a moral and intellectual failure.

Sources: MehrNews, 1 February 2006, Northwestern University press release, 6 February 2006, The Daily Northwestern, 13 February 2006, Science Daily, 6 February 2006.

Feb 12 Iranian Jewish Community Leader Sends Protest Letter to President Ahmadinejad
   
Jewish community, Haroun Yashayaei, sent a letter to President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad criticizing him for denying the Holocaust (see 11 December 2005 and 7 February 2006), and claiming that the president's comments had caused concern and fear among the Jewish community of Iran. The letter was sent at the end of January and faxed to Reuters press agency on 12 February 2006. According to the Middle East Times of 27 January (International Holocaust Remembrance Day), Yashayaei said the Jews in Iran had no restrictions on holding their religious services. "We have our own cemeteries, kosher food, schools and synagogues," he said.
 

Sources: Haaretz, 12 February 2006; Jerusalem Post, 12 February 2006; Middle East Times, 27 January 2006.

Feb 7 Iranian Paper Announces Holocaust Cartoon Contest
   
One of Iran's leading newspapers, the popular daily Hamshahri, has reportedly announced the launching of an international Holocaust cartoon contest. The decision to hold the competition is described as "a response to the Danish cartoon scandal," involving the publication of a caricature of the Prophet Muhammad in the Danish Jyllands-Posten in September 2005, and its reappearance recently in several European papers.

Similarly, the virulently anti-Zionist Belgian Arab-European League began its "Freedom of Speech Campaign" on 6 February with cartoons denying the Holocaust and ridiculing Jewish victims of Nazi atrocities. Holocaust deniers have also exploited the 'freedom of artistic expression' momentum. American Holocaust denier Michael Hoffman II, for instance, published antisemitic 'Holohoax' caricatures on his site as an "antidote to the anti-Muhammad cartoon."


Sources: revisionistreview, 6 February 2006; albawaba.com, 7 February 2006; Guardian, 7 February 2006; y-netnews 7 February 2006; arabeuropean.org, 6 February 2006; abcnews.go.com, 7 February 2006.

Feb 2 Italian Football Team Punished for Fans' Racism
   
On 31 January 2006 Italy's Roma team were ordered by the Italian Football League disciplinary committee to play their next League A match behind closed doors at a neutral venue (65 miles from the capital). This punishment, which followed the display by Roma fans of antisemitic banners and Nazi and fascist symbols at a match against the Livorno team on 29 January, reflects efforts initiated in summer 2005 by Interior Minister Giuseppe Pisanu, to apply the law when slogans or symbols exalting political violence, racism or xenophobia are shown in stadiums.

On 1 February UEFA (Union of European Football Associations) held its second "Unite Against Racism" conference at the Camp Nou stadium in Barcelona. Participants called to revive the campaign against racism throughout Europe using football as a catalyst to change and educate minds. Many speakers said the popularity of football should be utilized as a uniting force against racism.


Sources: DailyRecord.co.uk, 1 February 2006; Agence France-Presse, 31 January 2006; Le Matin 31 January 2006; AGI online, 31 January 2006; Hindustan Times.com, 31 January 2006; UEFA.com, 1 February 2006.

Jan 22 Lebanese Liberal Criticizes Holocaust Denial Statements
   
Liberal Lebanese intellectual Hazim Saghiya criticized Holocaust denial statements made by Islamist and Iranian leaders. Iranian President Ahmadinejad's remarks in December 2005, referring to the Holocaust as a myth and calling for the transfer of the State of Israel to Europe or North America, were supported by Hamas leader Khalid Mash`al and by Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood General Guide Muhammad Mahdi `Akif. Saghiya, who in the mid-1990s had criticized the Arab approach to the Holocaust, said that once denial had been confined to the fanatic margins of society but now the enthusiastic acceptance of this myth among many Arabs, as well as the myth of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion," indicated that "the disease," which reflected anti-modernization attitudes, was spreading throughout Arab societies.


Sources: Al-Hayat, 24-Dec-2005; Ha'aretz, 30-Dec-2005; MEMRI Special Dispatch, No. 1062, 30-Dec-2005

Jan 19 Equivocal Chavez Christmas Speech
   
In a Christmas speech delivered at the Manantial de los Suenos rehabilitation center on 24 December 2005, Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, declared: "Some minorities, the descendants of the same ones who crucified Christ, the descendants of the same ones who threw out [South American liberator Simon] Bolivar from here and also crucified him in a way in Santa Marta, over there in Colombia - a minority took possession of all the planet's gold, of the silver, the minerals, the waters, the good land, the oil, the riches, and they have concentrated the riches in a few hands."

Among those who accused Chavez of antisemitism over these remarks was Wall Street Journal columnist Mary O'Grady, who saw in Chavez words an "ugly anti-Semitic swipe." The Wiesenthal Center (SWC) demanded that Chavez apologize due to his negative reference to Jews. However, Venezuelan Jewish community leaders of the CAIV (Confederation of Jewish Associations of Venezuela), as well as the American Jewish Committee and he American Jewish Congress, claimed that Chavez's comments were not antisemitic but were aimed at the white oligarchy. Chavez rejected the SWC's charges on 13 January 2006, alleging they were part of "an imperialist campaign."


Sources: Chavez speech; Wall Street Journal, 13 Jan. 2006; Forward, 13 Jan.; Judeoscope, 30 Dec. 2005; IKG, 11 Jan. 2006; gobiernoenlinea.gob.ve, 24 Dec. 2005; JTA, 1 Jan. 2006; World War 4 Report, 16 Jan, 2006.


2005


Dec 20 Norwegian County Proclaims Boycott of Israeli Goods
   
On 16 December 2005 the provincial board of Norway's Soer-Trondelag county voted to bar products originating in Israel because of "Israel's oppression of the Palestinians." Comparing the government of Israel to the former apartheid regime in South Africa, Torill Skaerseth, representing the far left Red Electoral Alliance on the board, predicted the boycott would spread to other Norwegian provinces. Prominent journalist Kgell Arild Nilsin, of the Norwegian news agency NTB, blamed media bias for this development, attributing it to Norway's involvement in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process in the early 1990s. Although economically the impact of the boycott is expected to be insignificant, Jewish groups fearing its political implications have issued strong protests.


Sources: Haaretz, 28 Dec. 2005; EJPress, 23 Dec. 2005; UJC, 22 Dec. 2005

Dec 20 Germans Call to Ban Iran from World Soccer Cup Final
   
On 9 December, former West German international midfielder Wolfgang Overath suggested that Iran should be banned from the 2006 World Soccer Cup finals in Germany. His proposal followed the call by Iran's President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad for destruction of the State of Israel. Members of Germany's Green Party joined the demand not to allow Iran to take part in the prestigious event after Ahmadinejad continued his antisemitic and Holocaust denying tirades, alleging that the Holocaust was a myth invented by the Jews who had fabricated a legend under the label 'massacre of the Jews'. However, on 15 December 2005 Sepp Blatter, the head of FIFA, the international soccer federation, rejected the appeal, declaring that politics had no place in sport. One day later, the German Parliament (Bundestag) released a unanimous resolution entitled "Israel's Right to Exist Is a German Obligation," underlining Germany's duty to take steps against anyone who denied the Holocaust or Israel's right to existence. Ahmadinejad's denial of the Holocaust could have got him arrested had he said it in Germany since denial of the Holocaust is a federal crime there.


Sources: Tagesschau, 18. Dec. 2005; Berliner Morgenpost, 17 Dec. 2005; ABC News, 15 Dec. 2005; Haaretz, 15 Dec. 2005.

Dec 11 Transfer Israel to Europe, Says Iranian President
   
In a speech delivered on 10 December to the Islamic Conference Organization, which met in Mecca to discuss terrorism, radically conservative Iranian President Mahmud Ahmedinjad declared that Israel should be transferred to Europe. Some European countries, he declared, claim that Hitler burnt millions of Jews, a fact which Ahmedinjad himself does not accept, and any historian or commentator who dares challenge this assertion is denounced and persecuted. If the Europeans feel such guilt, he continued, they should allocate areas in Germany or Austria for settling the Israelis. Why should the Palestinians suffer, he asked. This statement, which aroused worldwide denunciation, reflects a motif that typified the traditional Arab discourse on the Holocaust. In November, at a conference on Zionism held in Tehran, Ahmedinjad called for the elimination of Israel. Iranian spiritual leader `Ali Khamanei supports Ahmedinjad's statements, maintaining that the Zionist allies who criticized him exposed their fears about the prominence of the Palestinian issue among Muslim nations.


Sources: ABC News, 8 Dec. 2005 ; Ha'aretz, 9, 11 Dec. 2005; The Independent, 9 Dec. 2005; Juden in Deutschland, 9 Dec 2005; Netzeitung.de, 9 Dec. 2005.

Nov 23 Holocaust Deniers Arrested
   
Several leading Holocaust deniers have been arrested in Europe in recent months and are to stand trial. Belgian Holocaust denier Siegfried Verbeke, who headed Europe's main Holocaust denial organization, the so-called Free Historical Research Center (VHO), from 1983, is to face trial in Germany after a court in Amsterdam authorized, on 25 October 2005, his extradition to Germany. Verbeke was detained, on the basis of a European warrant for his arrest, at Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport in August 2005.

Three weeks later, on 14 November 2005, leading German Holocaust denier Germar Rudolf (Germar Scheerer), who replaced Verbeke as organizer of the VHO's Internet site and its other activities, was deported from the US, where he had sought refuge to avoid a prison sentence in Germany. On 15 November 2005 he was arrested at Frankfurt airport. He is expected to serve a 14-month prison sentence (dating from 23 June 1995). Rudolf had denied the Nazis' use of Zyklon B gas for mass murder during WWII.

On 11 November the police arrested British Holocaust denier David Irving in Styria, Austria, on a similar charge, based on a warrant for his arrest issued in 1989.

These arrests of leading Holocaust deniers in Europe follow the deportation and detention of another leading Holocaust denier, Ernst Zundel from Canada. Zundel was arrested on 2 March 2005 in Mannheim, on a warrant dating from 2003. German prosecutors accuse Zundel of spreading hate messages through his website, which is accessible in Germany where it is a crime.


See Stephen Roth Database items

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Aug 29 Two Jewish Students Attacked in Kiev
   
On 28 August 2005, ten skinheads, armed with bottles, sticks and knifes, attacked two Jewish yeshiva students in an underground passage in the center of Kiev. One of the students, 28, was critically wounded. According to the head of the local Jewish community, Rabbi Jacob Zilberman, violent antisemitic incidents are frequent occurrences in Kiev and the community has appealed to the authorities for protection.


Sources: Jewish ru, 29 Aug. 2005; Ha'aretz, 29 Aug.; Walla, 29 Aug.

July 4 Bulgarian Party Disseminates Antisemitic List
   
Shortly after the results of the general elections in Bulgaria were published on Saturday 25 June 2005, the nationalist Ataka (Attack) party - which stormed the parliament with almost 8 percent of the vote, becoming the fourth largest party - published a list of 1,500 well-known Bulgarian Jews on their homepage. The list appeared under the headline: "A plague infected, leprous and dangerous race, which has deserved to be eradicated since the day of its creation." After the Bulgarian news agency BGNES reported on the list, the site was banned from the server. "We may think such things, but we may not make them public in this way," explained Anton Sirakov, deputy leader of Ataka.
Sources: IKG, 27 June 2005; Bulgaria online, 27 June 2005; Ataka site

June 28 Russian Jewish Organization To Be Investigated Concerning Jewish Religious Text
   
Anti-Jewish manifestations, which have been reported increasingly from Russia over the last months (see General Analysis 2004), reached yet another peak on 23 June 2005 ' when 'Izvestia' revealed that the Russian state prosecutor had decided to open an investigation into the Congress of Jewish Religious Organizations and Communities of Russia (KEROOR) for distributing the Jewish religious text 'Kitsur Shulkhan Arukh'. The 'Shulkhan Arukh' was first published in the 16th century by Rabbi Josef Karo and an abridged edition, 'Kitsur Shulkhan Arukh', appeared in the 19th century. The text plays a central role in the life of religious Jews. The state prosecutor's office intends to investigate whether the book incites against non-Jews in Russia. Zinovii Kogan, chairman of KEROOR, was questioned about the initiator and distributors of the Russian translation of the book. The affair began after a letter signed by 500 politicians, newspaper editors and other public figures was published on 14 January 2005 in the newspaper 'Rus' Pravoslavnaia', calling for an investigation and for the closure of Jewish organizations in Russia. Jewish organizations have strongly protested the accusation that Jewish religious scriptures incite against non-Jews.
Sources: Izvestia, 23 June 2005; JTA, 23.June 2005; Haaretz, 27 June 2005

May 22 Antisemitic Remarks of Palestinian Cleric Broadcast on PA TV
   
On 13 May 2005 Palestinian TV broadcast the sermon of Shaykh Ibrahim Mudayris from Gaza's al-Nahayan mosque for the 57th anniversary of Nakba (Catastrophe) day. Mudayris, known for previous antisemitic pronouncements, attacked the US and the Jews. He depicted the Jews as cancer and AIDS and as the cause of all human disasters. Referring to their behavior from the advent of Islam to WWII, he stressed the historical continuity of their corrupt and treacherous nature. Hence, he contended, the Holocaust was a just reaction to their betrayal of Germany. Yet, he also accused the Jews of collaborating with Hitler and of exaggerating the Holocaust, exploiting it to instill guilt feelings in the West. PA leader Muhammad Abbas dissociated himself from the speech, and on 18 May Information Minister Nabil Sha`t said he had asked the Religious Affairs Ministry to suspend Mudayris and promised to ensure that such sermons were never broadcast again as they constituted incitement and violated Islamic teachings.
Sources: Israel Resource News Agency, 14 May 2005; MEMRI, Palestinian Media Watch Bulletin, 16 May 2005; NYT, 19 May 2005.

April 13 New Zealand MP 'Sick' of Holocaust
   
During an interview with an editor of 'Investigate', published in the magazine on 9/10 April 2005, New Zealand Labour MP John Tamihere declared: "I'm sick and tired of hearing how many Jews got gassed..." How many times do I have to be told and made guilty of it?" The comment, branded by the Jewish Council of New Zealand as "deeply shocking for all Jews," was widely criticized, and Prime Minister Helen Clark (Labour) declared in a press release of 10 April that Tamihere's comments were "deeply offensive and utterly unacceptable to the New Zealand Labour Party." Tamihere has been given three weeks of "extended leave."
Sources: Investigate magazine, 9/10 April 2004; New Zealand Herald, 13 April 2005; Netzzeitung, 11 April 2005; NewstalkZB, 11 April 2005; Jerusalem Post, 10 April 2005.

Feb 16 Neo-Nazis Commemorate Dresden Bombing in WWII
   
On 13 February 2005, 60 years after the destruction of Dresden - on 13-14 February 1945 by the British and US air forces - about 6,000 right-wing extremists, members of the NPD and neo-Nazis, marched through the streets of Dresden in one of the largest neo-Nazi rallies since the end of WWII. Most of the participants, who demonstrated under the slogan "The Holocaust of bombs," wore black clothes and held black balloons and banners. At the same time, left-wing demonstrators, wearing white roses, protested under the banners "Nazis out" and "No tears for Krauts." All speakers of the extreme right stressed the "singularity of the catastrophe," and portrayed the Germans as victims of the Allies during WWII, in an attempt to draw parallels with the extermination of the Jews. The events are part of a broader debate about the necessity of bombing German cities at the end of WWII. While the Allies claim that the bombings were needed in order to end the war and liberate Europe, the extreme right, which seeks to lessen the guilt of Nazi Germany, describes the bombardment of Dresden as "an act of terror against civilians" comparable to the Holocaust or Hiroshima. It should be noted that several memorial ceremonies, attended by local and foreign dignitaries, as well as citizens of Dresden, were also held on that day.
Sources: Der Spiegel online, 13 Feb. 2005; Washington Post, 14 Feb. 2005; Haaretz, 13 Feb. 2005; Yahoo! News, 14 Feb. 2005.

Feb 1 Antisemitism in Armenia
   
On 25 January 2005 the General Prosecutor's Office in Armenia announced the arrest of the chairman of the small ultra-nationalist Union of Armenian Aryans, Armen Avetisian. Avetisian was charged with inciting ethnic intolerance ("inciting national racial or religious hostility," Article 226 of the Armenian Criminal Code) for making repeated antisemitic statements. Avetisian will face 3-6 years imprisonment if found guilty. His supporters have established a committee in his defense, maintaining that the real reason behind his arrest is his fight against homosexuality. In an interview with the weekly IRAVUNK in January 2005, Avetisian promised to make sure that the Jews were expelled from Armenia.

Members of the small Armenian Jewish community, who until recently had not been confronted with antisemitism, are alarmed over the rise in antisemitic propaganda since 2004, when Tigran Karapetian, owner of the private pro-government TV station ALM, used a talk show to disseminate antisemitic views, portraying Jews as dominating Armenia and the world and blaming them for Armenia's political and socio-economic problems.


Source: Yerevan Press Club, January 2005; Armenian News network, 26 January 2005; Eurosianet, 29 January 2005; Armenialiberty news, 25 January 2005; TruthNews, 26 January 2005.

Jan 25 Call to End Jewish Activity in Russia
   
On 14 January 2005 the fundamentalist newspaper "Rus' Pravoslavnaia" published an appeal entitled "Jewish happiness, Russian tears." Addressed to the prosecutor-general of the Russian Federation, the petitioners call for an investigation into Jewish religious and national organizations in Russia on the grounds that they incite ethnic conflict, as well as an end to all subsidies and assistance to these groups. The appeal describes Judaism as anti-Christian and revives the antisemitic accusation of the blood libel. It also calls for a public investigation of those who provide Jewish organizations with facilities and an end to their financial privileges. The petition was signed by 500 people, including newspaper editors, intellectuals and 19 Duma deputies from the nationalist Rodina bloc, the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR - led by Vladimir Zhirinovskii) and the Communist Party (KPRF). The initiator was Aleksander Krutov, a deputy of the Rodina bloc and editor of the newspaper "Russkii Dom." So far there has been no official reaction.
Sources: Echo Moscow, 23 January 2005; Jewish News Agency AEN 24 January 2005; Newsru 24 January 2005; HRO (Human Rights in Russia) 24 January 2005; Ha'aretz, 25 January 2005.

Jan 25 Antisemitic Attacks in Russia
   
On 14 January 2005, Rabbi Alexander Lakshin and Rabbi Reuven Kuravskii were attacked while walking with two children in an underground passage near the Marina Roscha Jewish Center in Moscow. The perpetrators shouted antisemitic insults and injured Lakshin, who was hospitalized with head injuries and a broken bone. Two hours earlier a Jewish couple had been attacked in the same place. Jewish organizations expressed their concern over the frequency of physical assaults on Jews in recent months and called on the police to ensure the safety of Jews at prayer houses and Jewish centers. On 19 January 2005 the police arrested three suspects.
Sources: jewish.ru, 18 January 2005; Novost, 17 January 2005; ADL press release, 18 January 2005; Union of Councils for Jews in the Former Soviet Union (UCSJ), 17 January 2005; Interfax, 18 January 2005.

Jan 23 German Politicians Call For Ban on Nazi Symbols in Europe
   
Following the storm over Britain's Prince Harry, who was photographed at a party wearing Nazi uniform, including a swastika armband, German politicians from all major parties called for a Europe-wide ban on Nazi symbols. Such a ban already exists in German legislation. European Minister of Justice Franco Frattini declared on 17 January that the issue would be discussed by the European Union.
Sources: die Tageszeitung, 18 Jan. 2005; EUbusiness, 17 Jan. 2005; Ha'aretz, 16 Jan. 2005; BBC News, 1 Jan. 2005.

Jan 18 German Extreme Right Parties Join Forces
   
On 15 January 2005, two of Germany's extreme right-wing political parties, the National Party of Germany (NPD) and the German Peoples' Party (DVU), signed in Munich a 'Deutschland Pakt' to join forces for the German federal elections in 2006. Their aim is to overcome the 5 percent threshold required for a party to win seats in the Bundestag, Germany's lower house of parliament. The pact signed by chairmen Udo Voigt (NPD) and Gerhard Frey (DVU), states that both parties will refrain from campaigning against each other during the next five years. It was decided that only a NPD list would run in the 2006 general elections (but would include 15 candidates of the DVU). Success in the election would be a major triumph for the NPD, which the German government sought in vain to ban in 2003. The third extreme right-wing political party in Germany, the Republikaner, refused to join the union. According to legal experts, such an alliance would be illegal, as "multiple-party polling lists" are not allowed under Germany's electoral law.
Sources: Financial Times Deutschland, 10 Jan. 2005; Netzeitung.de, 15 Jan. 2005; Deutsche Welle, 11 Jan. 2005.

Jan 2 France and US Ban Hizballah TV Transmissions
   
Following a complaint submitted by Roger Cukierman, head of CRIF (Representative Council of French Jewish Institutions) , the French Broadcasting Authority's Committee for Audio and Visual Media banned the television series "al-Shatat" (The Diaspora), based on "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion." The series was screened via satellite in France by the Hizballah station al-Manar, in February 2004.

In November al-Manar signed a commitment to abide by French law; however, the station continued to violate French regulations by broadcasting blatantly antisemitic programs, which French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin described as "revolting and incompatible with our values." On 13 December 2004 the Council of State, France's highest administrative court, ordered a ban on al-Manar satellite TV transmissions, since they violated France's laws on hate speech.

On 17 December 2004, the US State Department designated al-Manar television a terrorist organization, thus prompting an end to its transmissions to the US.


Sources: Al-Hayat, 9.Feb 2004; Jerusalem Post, 2 Feb. 2004; CRIF release, 2. Dec. 2004; Liberation, 3 Dec. 2004; Reuters Online, 17 Dec. 2004.


2004


Dec 29 Eli Wiesel Returns Romanian Award
   
Writer and Nobel Peace Laureate Elie Wiesel returned the Star of Romania, the highest Romanian honor, which he had received in 2002 from Romanian President Ion Illiescu. His act followed bestowal of the same award, on 13 December 2004, on Gheorghe Buzatu and Corneliu Vadim Tudor, both members of the extreme right-wing Greater Romania Party (PRM). According to Wiesel, both are "known antisemites and Holocaust deniers." In a letter to Wiesel, Tudor, leader of the PRM, claimed he had never denied the Holocaust, while Iliescu - who steps down at the end of December 2004 - said the awards had been given to a group of lawmakers, among them Tudor, who was not specially "singled out."

Referring in 2002 to Norman Finkelstein's book "The Holocaust Industry," Vadim Tudor said: "Allow me to doubt the number of 6 million Jews, who some people claim would have been the victims of the Holocaust. There were victims, but not 6 million." Further, denouncing Wiesel's visit to Romania in July 2002 and his remark that "the Romanians killed, killed and killed," Tudor warned that "we are not at their [world Jewry's] mercy, and we are not one of the colonies of the worldwide Zionist mafia."


Sources: Haaretz, 17 Dec. 2004; World Jewish Congress, 17 Dec. 2004; Jerusalem Post, 16 Dec. 2004; OTV, 31 July 2002 [ as reported by the Center for Reporting and Combating Antisemitism in Romania, 2002].

Nov 1 Romanian Academic Denies Holocaust
   
On 25 October 2004, two weeks after the first Holocaust commemoration day in Romania, and following President Illiescu's historical admission of the murder of 250,000 Jews on Romanian soil during the Antonescu era, Professor Ion Coja denied the Holocaust of Romania's Jews on national TV. "[It was] not because they were Jews [that] they were killed by the Romanian army but because they committed reprehensible acts against the state," he said. Coja, a professor at Bucharest University, is the leading Holocaust denier in Romania and head of the League to Combat Anti-Romanism. Although Holocaust denial is now a crime in Romania since issuance of a government ordinance in March 2002, Coja has not yet been charged for denying the Holocaust.
Sources: "die MCA," 25.10.2004; "Chechen Times," 13.10.2004; "Tageszeitung," 15.10.2004.

Oct 28 Antisemitic Sculpture in Oslo
   
In August 2004 a sculpture entitled "The wall: fragments from history," by Sigurd Bj?rn Engvik, was displayed by the Municipality of Oslo in Youngstorget Square in the center of Oslo. The sculpture contains Nazi yellow stars dripping blood, allegedly symbolizing the murderous nature of Judaism (although the star displayed is not the open Magen David but the closed Nazi yellow star), the dollar sign, supposedly symbolizing Jewish greed, and the letters of the word "Holocaust" interspersed through the date 29 November 1947. The sculpture also includes quotes from the Ten Commandments and from the Tanach, apparently symbolizing the Israeli disregard for Jewish ethics. The Jewish community of Oslo and the Norwegian Association against Anti-Semitism protested the use of classical antisemitic symbols as an attack on the Jewish religion and a mockery of the Shoah.
Sources: "Utrop," Aug. 2004; "Aftenposten," Sept./Oct. 2004; letters to the editor; http://www.document.no/magasin/archives/006341.html; Norwegian Association against Anti-Semitism.

Oct 18 President Iliescu Admits Romania's Role in Holocaust
   
In a historic speech before the Romanian parliament on 12 October 2004, President Ion Iliescu admitted that during the fascist military dictatorship of Ion Antonescu (1940-44), 250,000 Jews [the lowest estimate of scholars - editors] were killed in Romania and in the territories occupied by it. In May 2004, the government instituted 9 October, the anniversary of the deportation order given by Marshal Antonescu in 1941, as an annual Holocaust Memorial Day. Until 2003 the Romanian government denied that the Holocaust had taken place on Romanian or Romanian-occupied territory.
Sources: TAZ 14 Oct. 2004; BBC News, 12 Oct. 2004; Radio Free Europe, 12 Oct. 2004.

Aug 29 Neo-Nazis March in Rudolf Hess Memorial Parade
   
During the annual Rudolf Hess memorial may parade, held on 21 August 2004, thousands of neo-Nazis marched through the Bavarian town of Wunsiedel to commemorate the death of Hitler's deputy. Hess, who committed suicide at the age of 93 on 17 August 1987 in the former West Berlin prison Spandauer, is buried in Wunsiedel. Banners read "Martyr" and "Where injustice becomes law, resistance becomes duty." While the police reported 3,800 neo-Nazi and 400 counter-demonstrators, the official information site for the memorial event boasted more than 7,000 participants from Germany and abroad, including the Netherlands, Italy, Slovakia, Denmark, Switzerland, and Russia. The march was supposedly organized by leading German right-wing extremist activist J?rgen Rieger. The police arrested 110 persons, among them 74 right-wing extremists, mainly for displaying banned symbols such as swastikas, or for carrying weapons.
Yahoo. News, 21 Aug. 2004; AP photos 21 Aug. 2004; www.widerstandnord.com, 21Aug. 2004; VOA News 21 Aug. 2004; Spiegel online, 21 Aug. 2004.

Aug 29 Arson Attack on French Jewish Community Center
   
A Jewish community center in the 11th arrondissement of eastern Paris was destroyed by fire at 3 a.m. on 22 August 2004. The authorities suspect arson. Antisemitic smearings were found on the walls of the building where the center is located. Nobody was injured. The mayor of Paris Betrand Delanoe visited the site. President Jacques Chirac strongly denounced the attack. On 30 August police detained a resentful former Jewish employee for questioning .
Sources: Yahoo Nachrichten, 22 August 2004; Haaretz 22 August 2004; Spiegel online, 22 August 2004; AFP, 30 August 2004.

Aug 18 Egyptian Press Continues to Vilify Jews
   
The Egyptian press continues to cultivate Jewish stereotypes. A recent example was an article by columnist Husam Wahba, published in the Egyptian religious weekly "`Aqidati" on 10 August. Quoting books and statements by religious scholars of the well-known religious institute al-Azhar, Wahba depicted Jews as violent blood-suckers and full of hatred toward non-Jews.

In addition to the Talmud, traditionally considered the source of Jewish racism in Arab antisemitic literature, the Ten Commandments were also mentioned in the article as asserting the right of Jews to scorn and kill non-Jews, and to plunder and steal their money. Even the Hebrew language, Wahba claimed, reflects the Jews' radicalism and terrorism, and the word 'Jew' allegedly denotes in English 'trickery'or 'deceit', signifying cunning and slyness.


Source: "`Aqidati," 10 Aug. 2004 - MEMRI, Special Dispatch No. 763, 17 Aug. 2004

Aug 9 Muslim Graves Desecrated near Strasbourg
   
Members of the extreme right Alsatian organization Heimattreue Vereinigung Elsass (HVE Junior) are suspected of desecrating 15 Muslim graves at the military cemetery of Cronenbourg near Strasbourg. The graves were defaced on 5/6 August 2004 with swastikas, SS symbols and the name of the HVE. HVE was officially disbanded in 1993. A total of 300 graves, representing a variety of religions, have been desecrated in the Strasbourg region in recent months, with many of the attacks accompanied by neo-Nazi graffiti. In April 2004 one Jewish and four Muslim graves were defiled in the same cemetery. No one has yet been charged in connection with the incidents. President Jacques Chirac and Interior Minister Dominique Villepin condemned the most recent act of desecration and promised to fight "this plague."
Sources: New York Times, 7 Aug. 2004; Basler Zeitung, 6 Aug. 2004; Der Standard, 6 Aug. 2004; DAWN Internet edition, 6 Aug. 2004.

May 24 Antisemitic Cartoon in Austrian Daily
   
On 19 May 2004 the Austrian daily 'Kleine Zeitung' ran a cartoon which equated the activities of the Israeli army in the occupied territories to Nazi activities during the Holocaust. One part of the cartoon entitled 'Past', shows a Nazi soldier with a swastika on his arm standing next to an obviously intimidated Jewish boy in front of the ruins of a building. The same scenario is used in the second part of the caricature, entitled 'Present', in which an Israeli soldier with a Star of David armband is shown with a frightened Arab child, also with a destroyed building in the background. Yad Vashem protested against this motif which is typical of the new antisemitism and which "diminishes the Holocaust and. distorts today's reality." According to Prof. Neugebauer, director of the Documentation Center of the Austrian Resistance, a serious paper should have known the difference between the Holocaust and escalations in armed conflicts.
Sources: 'Jerusalem Post', 20 May 2004; 'Die Judische', 21 May 2004.

March 1 Exhibition Equates Animal Slaughter with Holocaust
   
The Central Committee of the Jewish Community in Germany intends to press charges, for insulting the memory of the dead, against PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals), organizers of the exhibition "Holocaust on Your Plate," which is due to begin a European tour in Germany on 18 March. The exhibit will consist of eight 60-square-foot panels showing photos of animals in slaughterhouses alongside photos of starving inmates of Nazi death camps. According to Aktion S?hnezeichen (Action Reconciliation), which also strongly opposes the exhibition, PETA is exploiting the victims of the Holocaust for propaganda purposes. Other animal defense organizations in Germany, such as Vier Pfoten, condemn the campaign for being insensible to the feelings of survivors and families of Holocaust victims.

Pro-PETA petitions, as well as anti-PETA campaigns that object to the comparison between unethical treatment of animals and Nazi atrocities against the Jews during the Holocaust, have been circulating the Internet since the exhibition commenced in the US one year ago.


Sources: TAZ, 17 March 2004; Berliner Zeitung, 16 March 2004; PETA

March 1 New Arab Anti-discrimination Site Combats Jewish Organizations and Israeli Policies
   
On 31 December 2003, a non-governmental website, Arabs Against Discrimination (AAD), was launched. The organization behind it, which is legally registered in France, was established by a group of concerned Arabs with the aim of exposing and combating all forms of discrimination and racism against Arabs. The 9/11 events and their aftermath had prompted the establishment of the organization, wrote Ibrahim Nafi`, the activist editor of Egypt's "al-Ahram." Nafi` claimed that previously Arabs had ignored world public opinion, leaving it susceptible to the manipulation and falsification of facts by Zionist organizations such as MEMRI and the ADL. Their relentless campaigns against the Arabs, which exploited the weapon of antisemitism, he concluded, should be combated and refuted by revealing the real facts about Israeli acts and policies within the country and in the occupied territories.
Sources: al-Ahram, 12 Jan. 2004; AAD.

February 25 Antisemitic Manifestations in Hungary
   
On 11 January 2004 an Israeli flag was burned during a demonstration organized by right-wing groups in Budapest demanding the closure of an alternative radio station. During a heated debate on Christian values held by the station, Tilos Radio, on Christmas Eve, 24 December 2003, a talk show host said that he would wipe out all Christians." The comment aroused a passionate public discussion, with some letters to the editor and articles alleging that "Jews," "Jewish leftists," or "sympathizers of Jews" were behind the anti-Christian remarks. Other articles compared the severe treatment given antisemitic expressions to the more lax attitude toward anti-Christian hate speech. The radio station was temporarily banned by the five-member National Radio and Television Authority.

The burning of the flag, which was condemned on 13 January by the Hungarian prime minister and foreign ministry and the Israeli embassy in Budapest, shifted attention from the banning of the station. There was no evidence, during the initial proceedings held in late January 2004 against the two persons allegedly responsible, of an organized group behind the deed. During a search of the homes of the two men, both members of radical right-wing groups (Conscience 88 and the Hunnish Federation), copies of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" and other antisemitic/racist material were found in their homes.

On Holocaust Day, 27 January 2004, the anniversary of the liberation of the death camps, the plaque on the banks of the Danube in Budapest in memory of hundreds of Jews shot and dumped in the river by Hungarian Nazi Arrow-Cross members in late 1944, was defaced.

The intensification of racist and antisemitic manifestations in Hungary could be viewed against the background of official attempts to introduce hate speech legislation. In December 2003 the proposed legislation was passed by the parliament. Before signing it, however, the president of Hungary exercised his prerogative to request an opinion from the Constitutional Court as to whether the law in question conflicted with Hungary's constitutional commitment to freedom of speech. The court's ruling is pending.


Sources: 'Ha'aretz', 12 Jan. 2004; Magyar Hirlap online daily; BBC News, 21 Jan. 2004; 'Ora', 22 Jan. 2004; New York Jewish Times; 'Bigotry Monitor', 30 Jan. 20004; Coordinating Forum on Countering Antisemitism, 14 Feb. 2004.


2003


December 1 Alexandria Library Exhibits The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
   
The new library in Alexandria (opened in October 2002) recently inaugurated a museum of old manuscripts, including holy books of the monotheistic religions. According to Egyptian reporter Jihan Husayn of the opposition weekly 'al-Usbu`', the Jewish Torah has been placed next to the first Arabic version of 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion' by Khalifa al-Tunisi. Explaining his decision to exhibit the book, museum manager Dr. Yusuf Zaydan said that when he saw this rare copy of 'The Protocols', he did not have second thoughts. Although it was not a holy book, he continued, over the years it had become the Jews' basic constitution and dictated their way of life.
Source: 'al-Usbu`', 17 Nov. 2003; MEMRI - http://www.memri.org.il, 25 Nov.

November 17 Two Synagogue Bombings in Istanbul; Arson Attack in Paris
   
Two violent attacks against Jewish targets in Turkey and an arson attack against a Jewish school in France were perpetrated on Saturday 15 November 2003. In Istanbul, two car bombs exploded simultaneously outside two synagogues - Neve Shalom and Beth Israel. Twenty three people were killed, among them six Jews, and about 300 were injured. The majority of the casualties appeared to have occurred outside the synagogues.

Although a Turkish Islamist group called the Islamic Great Eastern Raiders (Akincilar) Front (which was active in the 1980s and whose leaders are in jail) took responsibility for the attacks, it is suspected that they were assisted by al-Qa`ida members or by other Turkish extremist groups such as Hizballah. Indeed, the London-based al-Quds al-Arab claimed, on 16 November, to have received an e-mail from an al-Qa`ida source claiming the group's involvement. It should be noted that the anti-western, anti-Jewish and anti-Israeli motifs in the ideologies of all these groups are basically similar. Three suspects were reportedly arrested by the Turkish police.

Neve Shalom Synagogue was the target of an earlier shooting attack in 1986, perpetrated by the radical Palestinian Abu Nidal group, as well as an attempted bombing in 1992. Three members of the outlawed Hizballah network were jailed for the latter attack. In addition, attempts were made on the lives of two leading members of the Jewish community Jak Kamhi in Istanbul (1993) and Yuda Yurum in Ankara (1995).

The other incident took place also on the Sabbath in France, where an arson attack gutted the Merkaz HaTorah Jewish secondary school in Gagny, a suburb of Paris. No one was injured. In 1995, members of the Algerian GIA (Groupe Islamique Arme) attacked a Jewish school in Lyon, injuring fourteen.

Although there is no apparent connection between the incidents in Turkey and France, they reflect the rise of antisemitic sentiments worldwide. The attacks were denounced by most world leaders, including Egyptian and Syrian heads. However, Arab League Secretary General `Amru Musa accused Israel and its deeds for provoking such radical acts.


Sources: AP, 15 Nov. 2003; Ha'aretz, New York Times, Washington Post, 16 Nov.; Ha'aretz, 17 Nov.; database of Stephen Roth Institute.

November 3 Furor over Antisemitic Remarks of German MP
   
Martin Hohmann, MP representing the conservative opposition Christian Democratic Union (CDU), became the center of a public uproar when antisemitic remarks he had made three weeks previously reached the mainstream media. Hohmann, 55, who is known for his extreme right-wing views (on gay rights, the Wehrmacht exhibition [Wehrmachtsausstellung], reparations for Nazi victims etc) delivered a speech on 3 October 2003, German Unity Day (Tag der deutschen Einheit) claiming that Bolshevik Jews had been behind the mass executions during the 1917 Russian Revolution and comparing these acts with the murder of millions of Jews during the Holocaust. "Jews were active in large numbers at the leadership level of the Cheka execution squads," he explained. "Thus one could describe Jews with some justification as perpetrators [T?tervolk]." On another occasion Hohmann is quoted as having said that the time had come for Germany to stop regarding itself as "the one that caused Auschwitz."

The 10-page speech had originally appeared on the website of CDU Neuhof, Hohmann's constituency. On 27 October right-wing extremist Horst Mahler, distributed it to neo-Nazi members of a Holocaust deniers' mailing list. Having been brought to the attention of German TV by the Jewish Hagalil Internet site, the speech became the subject of the 30 October news program 'ARD Tagesthemen'. The text has since been deleted from the CDU Neuhof website.

Paul Spiegel, president of the Central Council of Jews in Germany branded Hohmann's remarks "disgusting antisemitism," and is considering legal proceedings against Hohmann for incitement. Andrea Merkel, chairman of the CDU, labeled Hohmann's speech "completely unacceptable and intolerable."

Under pressure, the German MP finally "retracted" his remarks on 31 October, in a brief statement which again contained denial of German guilt: "I describe neither Jews nor Germans as a nation of perpetrators," he said. "It wasn't and isn't my intention to hurt anyone's feeling." Hohmann cited antisemitic statements of Henry Ford in defense of his argumentation. One day later, he issued another excuse: "It was not my intention to characterize the Jews as a nation of perpetrators.. I emphatically apologize and am sorry if I have hurt feelings," he said.


Sources: 'Spiegel online', 31 Oct. 2003; 'Die Welt', 31 Oct.; 'Der Tagesspiegel', 1 Nov.; JTA, 31 Oct.; 'Telegraph online', 1 Nov.; BBC News, 1 Nov.; tagesschau.de, 2 Nov.

October 21 Malaysian PM Lashes Out Again at Jews
   
In his opening statement to the 10th biennial meeting of the ICO (Islamic Conference Organization, the representative body of all 56 Muslim states), held in Malaysia on 16 October 2003, Malaysian PM Mahathir Muhammad urged Muslims to draw on their strength of 1.3 billion people to unite and fortify their defenses against the enemies of Islam. Attributing Muslim weakness, hopelessness and irrational behavior to European and Jewish domination, he asserted that a way out of this predicament could be found by looking to the example of the Jews, who despite the extermination of six million of them in Europe, managed to regather their forces and now rule the world.

Mahathir's statement, which aroused angry Jewish reactions and protests, was not his first reference to the Jews. In October 1997, he accused the Jews, and specifically Jewish tycoon George Soros, of ruining the Malaysian economy. The European Parliament contemplated issuing a condemnation of his latest statement but retracted due to French opposition. However, French President Chirac later denounced the statement and President Bush reproached Mahathir during the APEC meeting in Bangkok on 20 October.


Sources: 'The Star' online (Malaysia), 16 October; 'Ha'aretz', 17, 19, 20 October 2003.

September 17 Two Moroccan Jews Murdered in Two Attacks
   
Albert Revivo, a 55 year old Jewish lumber merchant, was attacked and killed in Casablanca on 11 September 2003 by two hooded gunmen. Two days later another Jewish merchant, Eliyahu Afriat, was stabbed to death in Meknes. The Moroccan police could not establish whether the attacks were carried out by members of an Islamist organization, but after the arrest of two suspects for the killing of Afriat on 16 September, it became clear that there was no connection between the two incidents. While Revivo's killing coincided with the second anniversary of the September 11 attacks on the US by Usama Bin Ladin's al-Qa`ida organization, the second killing was motivated by a personal business dispute. The head of the Moroccan Jewish community, Serge Berdugo, expressed concern over the security situation of the dwindling Jewish community, which has been the target of attacks by Islamists. The last suicide attack which targeted Jewish sites took place in Casablanca on 16 May, killing 45 people. About 3,000 Jews still live in Morocco, mainly in Casablanca.
Sources: Ha'aretz, 12, 14, 17 September; The Guardian, 15 September; Reuters, 14 September 2003.

September 15 Plans to Attack German Jewish Community Uncovered
   
On 12 September 2003, Bavarian Minister of the Interior Gunther Beckstein confirmed a report published on 11 September in S?ddeutsche Zeitung that a police raid had led to the arrest of six neo-Nazis suspected of planning a terror attack on the Jewish community of Munich. The attack was to have taken place on 9 November, the anniversary of Kristallnacht, when the cornerstone for the new central synagogue is to be laid. Guests invited to the ceremony include German President Johannes Rau, Bavarian Premier Edmund Stoiber and Paul Spiegel, head of the Central Council of Jews in Germany. The police raid uncovered 14 kg of explosives, including 1.7 kg of TNT. Chief suspect Martin Wiese, 27, heads the ultra-right-wing group Kameradschaft S?d.

It was also revealed on 11 September 2003 that four members of the al-Tahid group were charged, on 27 August, with planning an attack on Jewish sites in D?sseldorf and Berlin.


Sources: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 12. September 2003; Maariv, 12. September 2003; JTA, 12 September 2003; AP- Nachrichten, 12 September 2003;

August 26 Which is Worse - Zionism or Nazism?
   
On 19 August 2003 senior Hamas leader `Abd al-`Aziz al-Rantisi published an online article entitled "Which Is Worse - Zionism or Nazism," denying the Holocaust and accusing Zionists of collaborating with the Nazis. Citing European deniers such as Roger Garaudy and David Irving and Australian Fredrick Toben, Rantisi charged that the Zionists had repeated the lie of the Nazi extermination of the Jews until they had succeeded not only in convincing the world, especially the West, that they were the ultimate Nazi victims but also to support the Zionist enterprise, while ignoring all the facts contradicting their claim. Zionist banks and monopolies had contributed great amounts of money to bringing the Nazis to power and then helped them terrorize the Jews in order to drive them to emigrate to Palestine, he wrote. The Zionists, Rantisi alleged, perpetrated the most horrible massacres against the Palestinian people with the support of the West, deported them and denied them the right of return, while continuing to contend that they were victims of Palestinian terrorism. Comparing their crimes to those attributed to the Nazis, which "we condemn," was doing injustice to the Nazis, he concluded, and enumerated specific cases of Palestinian suffering at the hands of the Israeli military authorities.
Source: www.rantisi.net

August 20 Announcement of Claims Conference
   
The Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany (Claims Conference) distributes a weekly e-mail bulletin on current restitution developments and Claims Conference activities. You may subscribe to this free service through the homepage of the Claims Conference's website, www.claimscon.org, or by sending an e-mail to news@claimscon.org. The bulletin is distributed to about 10,000 people around the world.

August 13 Egyptians Justify Holocaust Denial and the Use of Antisemitic Motifs
   
In an interview to the BBC correspondent in Cairo, 'al-Ahram Hebdo' correspondent Muhammad Khalil and editor Muhammad Salmawi staunchly defended repeated denial of the Holocaust and antisemitic manifestations in the Arab media. Khalil asserted that "only" half a million Jews were killed in the Holocaust and that it was important to stress this figure because, he said, the Israeli government uses the Holocaust in its effort to destroy the dream of a Palestinian state. He also believes that the Israeli Mossad was behind the September 11, 2001 attacks in the US, despite the evidence claiming otherwise. In the same vein, he justified 'Sturmer'-like cartoons as legitimate political commentary to demonstrate "unjust" Israeli policies toward the Palestinians. Salmawi, who has previously written articles promoting Holocaust denial, went even further, defending the use of old European myths such the blood libel by Arab writers "to convey their horror at the Israeli occupation."
Source: BBC News, 10 Aug. 2003 - www.bbcnews.co.uk

August 10 Saudi Professor Accuses the Jews and Israel of Expansionist Aims in Iraq
   
In an article in the Saudi daily 'al-Watan' on 19 July, Dr. Umaya Ahmad al-Jalahma, a professor at Saudi King Faysal University, claimed that Israel and the Jews were conspiring to realize "their expansionist Zionist goals," by exploiting the situation in occupied Iraq. She asserted that Jewish rabbis had issued a 'fatwa' (term used in Islam for 'religious edict') stating that "Iraq is part of Greater Israel." The Jewish Agency, she asserted, had striven even before the war in Iraq to establish a Jewish presence there, by organizing tourist groups and searching for real estate deals. The situation in Iraq reminded her of "the Zionist scenario in occupied Palestine, under the protection of the British occupation in the early 20th century," she said, warning Arabs to awaken before they discover "that dirty hands have already strangled" them. Jalahma's piece was the most recent in a series of articles published in Iraqi and Lebanese newspapers reporting on extensive Jewish and Israeli activity in Iraq and warning the public about selling property to Jews. A year ago Jalahma published an article accusing Jews of using non-Jewish children's blood for their religious rituals.
Source: Al-Watan, 19 July - MEMRI, Special Dispatch No. 547, 5 Aug. 2003; Ma'ariv, 11 July 2003.

July 22 Shaykh al-Azhar Retracts Denunciation of Islamic Terrorism
   
On 11 July, during an Islamic conference in Malaysia, Shaykh al-Azhar Muhammad Sayyid Tantawi recommended banning books that promoted extremism and called for encouraging dialogue between Islam and the West. He asserted that there was no place for radicalism in Islam, or for terrorism perpetrated by Muslims in the name of jihad. Jihad, he insisted, was permitted in the event that Muslims needed to defend themselves and their lands or in order to help the downtrodden. Therefore, the attacks carried out by Muslims, including those against Israelis, were Islamically unjustified. As an example, he mentioned the attack on the Jewish restaurant in Casablanca in May. "We regret any kind of aggression against innocent people," he concluded. However, a day later, probably following criticism of his denunciation, he retracted his statement on terrorism and jihad especially in reference to Israeli and Jewish targets. Tantawi is known to have made similar statements and then back down since he assumed the position of Shaykh al-Azhar, the highest authority in the Sunni world, in 1996.
Source: al-Hayat, 12 July 2003

July 19 Garaudy Appeal Rejected
   
In 1998 the French philosopher Roger Garaudy was convicted of Holocaust denial ("disputing the existence of crimes against humanity") by the Paris Court of Appeal. These charges stemmed from the content of his book 'The Founding Myths of Israeli Politics' (1995), in which the author disputed the existence of gas chambers in Nazi concentration camps. Garaudy was sentenced to nine months in prison and fined the equivalent of 25,900 euros.

In October 2000 Garaudy appealed to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in an attempt to overturn his conviction, under Article 10 (freedom of expression) of the European Convention of Human Rights. His appeal was rejected on 7 July 2003 when the ECHR declared his application inadmissible. The court ruled, inter alia, that Garaudy had "systematically disputed the existence of crimes against humanity which the Nazis had committed against the Jewish community" and that his writings "constituted a serious threat to public order," as the "real purpose of such a work was to rehabilitate the National Socialist regime."


Sources: JTA, 8. July 2003; Registar, 7. July 2003; ECHR decision:

July 1 Oxford University Professor Boycotts Israeli Student
   
An Israeli graduate student from Tel Aviv University, who applied to continue his studies under the tutelage of a professor at Oxford University, was rejected on the grounds that he had served in the Israeli army and that Israel had inflicted "gross human rights abuses" on the Palestinians. Nuffield Professor of Pathology Andrew Wilkie e-mailed the student on 23 June that he was unable to consider the student's application because he had "a huge problem with the way Israelis take the moral high ground from their appalling treatment in the Holocaust [sic]." He added that he was not the "only UK scientist with these views." Two days later, following a barrage of protests, Oxford University apologized for Professor Wilkie's anti-Israel stance. The university spokesman said that freedom of expression was everyone's right, but the university could not condone discrimination on the grounds of ethnicity or nationality. He promised that the university would conduct an investigation into the incident. On 27 June Prof. Wilkie issued a personal apology.
Source: Ha'aretz, 29 June 2003; Response of Prof. Wilkie and Oxford University, 27 June 2003

June 17 Romanian Government Denies Holocaust Took Place in Its Territory
   
Following its approval of a cooperation agreement between the National Archives of Romania and the US Holocaust Memorial Museum on 12 June, the Romanian government issued a communiqu? welcoming research on the "Holocaust phenomena in Europe," but strongly underlining the fact that "in Romania between 1940 and 1945 there was no Holocaust." In light of the government's denial of the extermination of hundreds of thousands of Romanian Jews during World War II, Dr. Raphael Vago from the Stephen Roth Institute, an expert in the history of Romanian Jewry, provides the following clarification.

In the past decade Romania has made major headway in dealing with its past, in relation both to the fate of some 300,000 Jews for whose death the wartime Romanian regime was directly responsible, and to the survival of half of Romania's Jewry for whom, according to the latest historical research, wartime fascist leader Ion Antonescu had intended a similar destiny but changed his plans to hand them over to the Germans for pragmatic reasons.

The details of the Romanian Holocaust are well documented, inter alia, in two volumes published by Yad Vashem (the largest documented work on one country) and in a three-volume work by noted Israeli historian Jean Ancel on Transnistria, containing hundreds of documents.

The Romanian statement tries to evade responsibility for the Holocaust by denying that it took place "within Romania's borders," but even this circumscription is false given the pogroms of Iasi, Dorohoi and other places (approximately 15,000 murdered in late June 1941). Moreover, the ghettoization and expulsions from Northern Bukovina and Bessarabia took place in areas that were considered "Romanian territory." As to the killing fields of Transnistria in which the Romanians deny participation, these are by now well documented with the killing orders signed by head of state Antonescu. Finally, Nazi documents and the writings of the Italian journalist Curzio Malparte serve as testimony to the brutality of the Romanian troops in their areas of occupation, amazing even seasoned Nazi executioners.

Hopefully, the projects to teach the Holocaust in Romania, as well as the conferences and scientific meetings at which Romanian historians have expressed a readiness to deal with the past for the sake of their own future, will continue. Above all, it might be expected that the denial of the Holocaust by a state whose president signed the Stockholm Declaration of 2000 will arouse strong protests. Unless the Romanian government's claim is retracted, Romania's efforts to integrate into Europe and other structures such as NATO will suffer a severe setback.

It should be noted that MCA - The Center for Monitoring and Combating Anti-Semitism in Romania - lodged a strong protest immediately following the Romanian government communiqu?. Moreover, the Romanian ambassador to Israel was summoned to the Israel Foreign Ministry in Jerusalem and warned that her government must find a way to correct its "unfortunate" statement, if bilateral relations were to return to the status quo ante.


Sources: Romanian government press release (online), http://www.guv.ro/presa/print-docum.php?idpresa=16393&idrubricapresa=1&idrubric..., 12 June 2003; press release of MCA (Center for Monitoring and Combating Anti-Semitism in Romania); IMRA - Independent Media Review Analysis, http://www.imra.org.il/story.php3?id=17276, 16 June 2003.

June 11 Joint Arab-Jewish Trip to Auschwitz
   
Between 26 and 30 May 2003 a group of 250 Arab and Jewish Israelis visited the concentration camps of Auschwitz-Birkenau. This was the culmination of an Arab initiative led by Father Emil Shoufani, aimed at learning about the Holocaust and sharing the pain of the Jewish people in order to pave the way for better understanding and coexistence. Israeli Arab reactions to the initiative have been for the most part critical mainly because it does not insist on reciprocity, or Jewish recognition of the Palestinian tragedy (nakba). Some critics assert that the Holocaust is being cynically exploited by Israel and that the Arabs are playing into their hands. Although the Jewish and the Palestinian tragedies are incomparable, said one of the Arab participants, "I feel that I'm the victim of the victim." In an interview to the London-based daily al-Sharq al-Awsat published a day before the trip, Yasir Arafat expressed his support for the trip, and his aid Nabil Abu Rudayna added that Arafat had intended to visit the Holocaust Museum in Washington [referring to an initiative in January 1998] but his request was refused since it did not suit "their interests."
Sources: Al-Sharq al-Awsat, 25 May; Haaretz, Ma`ariv, 27 February; Yedi`ot Aharonot, 30 May 2003.

May 5 Press Release - Eve of Holocaust Memorial Day, 28 April 2003
   
On the eve of Holocaust Memorial Day, 28 April 2003, the Stephen Roth Institute held its annual press conference at which findings and trends in antisemitism during the year 2002/3 were released. Below is the text of the press release.

For a more detailed analysis, see General Analysis

AN "AXIS OF EVIL": BETWEEN THE TWIN TOWERS AND THE WAR ON IRAQ

Parallel to the "axis of evil" identified by the US as centers of terror endangering world peace and security, another "axis of evil" may be detected in the antisemitism manifested in 2002/3. This constellation of forces, allegedly comprising Israel, western Jewish communities, particularly in the US, and America itself, was venomously attacked during demonstrations held worldwide against the war in Iraq, and previously against globalization (perceived as a US-Jewish plot to control the world economy through mega-companies, international banks and the stock market). This supposed analogy, combined with various other causes, brought antisemitism in 2002 and early 2003 to new heights.

The year 2002 witnessed the highest number of violent antisemitic acts in more than 12 years: 311 cases worldwide, among them 56 major attacks (using violent means) and 255 major violent incidents (without the use of a weapon). The year 2003 seems to be undergoing a further wave of antisemitism as a result of the war on Iraq.

No less troubling was the change in targeting. While in 2000/1, about 60 percent of violent acts were directed at synagogues, mainly arson attacks, and before that at cemeteries, in 2002 a similar percentage was directed against persons identified as Jews.

Location was also significant. Western Europe has led the world in terms of antisemitic violence since the outbreak of the second intifada in October 2000, with France, Belgium and the UK topping the list. North America and Russia registered a moderate increase in violent incidents, while numbers in east European countries and in Latin America remained more or less on the same level. Thus, in recent years, there has been a clear shift in antisemitic activity from totalitarian states to western democratic ones.

The main waves of antisemitic violence were from October to November 2000, August to October 2001, April to August 2002, and the most recent one beginning with the preparations for the war on Iraq. They have tended to originate chiefly among Muslim immigrant circles in Europe, with extreme right groups jumping on the bandwagon. These waves were stimulated and accompanied by extremely antisemitic verbal, written and visual expressions in the media, in academia, in official circles and in society at large. They appeared as cartoons and illustrations, threat letters, graffiti, placards and calls at demonstrations, on Internet sites, and as personal insults, especially in western Europe, from Scandinavia to Italy and Spain.

Organizations and groups which in the 1990s championed anti-racism and then led the opposition to globalization now call themselves pacifists. They attack the US, depicting it as a power-hungry super-state, which aims to dominate world politics and the economy and is driven by Israel and world Jewry. In a contemporary version of the blood libel the Jews and Israel are blamed for the destruction of the World Trade Center, an act they supposedly plotted in order to push the US into a wholesale war against Islam, beginning in Afghanistan and now in Iraq. Thus, the US and Israel, supported allegedly by the many Jews in the Washington administration, are conceived not only as political and strategic partners, but as a modern axis of evil, manipulating the rest of the world in order to attain their interests.

In demonstrations held throughout 2002/3, Israel and the US and their leaders were repeatedly compared to Nazis, symbolizing the ultimate contemporary iniquity. Such analogies contribute to weakening Europe's obligation to the Holocaust and, even more troubling, to undermining the legitimacy of the Jewish state and its Jewish supporters. This trend, now a mainstream phenomenon at western universities, is defined as anti-Zionism, supposedly a more civilized and legitimate term than antisemitism. In fact, it is discrimination against a nation which is deemed unworthy of a national life.

All the themes mentioned above form a meeting point between the extreme right and left, major segments of the liberal left, particularly in Europe, and radical Islamists who, in their struggle against Israel, "the small Satan," and the US, "the big Satan," spread and finance venomous anti-Jewish and anti-Israel propaganda. It is this alignment of interests that has brought about the current antisemitic explosion.

March 12 Iranians Indicted in AMIA Bombing
   
Federal Judge Juan Jose Galeano, who has been conducting the investigation into the bombing of the AMIA Jewish community center in Buenos Aires in 1994, handed over a 400-page document to Interpol, indicting "radical elements of the Islamic Republic of Iran" in connection with the act. According to the judge, members of the Lebanese Hizballah apparently carried out the bombing, which killed 85 and injured 200. Four warrants for the arrest of Iranian diplomats were issued, partly on the basis of key information received from an Iranian defector, Abdolgassem Meshabi. Meshabi implicated senior Iranian officials, such as Spiritual Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and then Acting President Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, both in the AMIA and in the Israeli embassy bombing in 1992. A spokesman for the Iranian Foreign Ministry rejected the accusations as "rumors spread by Zionist circles."
Sources: Haaretz, 10, 11 March 2003; Washington Post, 11 March 2003; Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA), 11 March 2003.

Feb 23 Bin Ladin Denigrates Jews in New Message
   
The text of a new message by al-Qa`ida leader Usama bin Ladin was broadcast by the Qatari satellite TV station al-Jazira on 11 February 2003. Urging the Muslim masses to repel the Americans and to retaliate against them and their allies, he referred specifically to the Jews. Allah, he said, had promised victory over the Crusaders and the Jews. The Jews of today were the same Jews that had lied and tried to trick the Creator; killed the Prophets and broken their promises. The Jews were the lords of usury and leaders of treachery, who believed that humans were their slaves. In conclusion, he repeated the oft-quoted saying (hadith) about Judgment Day, according to which, Jews would hide behind rocks and trees, which would call on the Muslims to come and kill them. This hadith, he stressed, indicated that the battle would be face to face and that the Muslims would emerge victorious in their jihad against the Crusaders and the Jews.
Source: Transcription of video cassette broadcast by Al-Jazira on 11 February 2003.

Jan 30 Antisemitic Cartoon in British Daily
   
On Monday, 27 January 2003, the official Holocaust Memorial Day in the UK and the date of the liberation of Auschwitz in 1945, the daily British "Independent" ran a cartoon showing Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon devouring an infant in the midst of a devastating attack by tanks and Apache helicopters. Naked but for a rosette covering his genitals, with the slogan "Vote Likud," Sharon asks: "What's wrong? You've never seen a politician kissing babies before?" In a letter to the editor of the "Independent," the press secretary of the Israeli embassy sharply protested the depiction of Sharon in a manner reminiscent of the Nazi paper "Der Sturmer." Such images, she said, evoked antisemitic stereotypes which "can unfortunately still be found in many Arab newspapers." She concluded that "one must be extremely careful to draw the line between legitimate criticism and... anti-Semitism. Tragically, the Independent failed to do so."
Sources: JTA, 29 Jan. 2003; Jerusalem Post, 28 Jan.; Haaretz, 30 Jan.; Independent, 27 Jan. 2003

Jan 22 Serious Rise in Antisemitism in Greece
   
Two official reports document a serious increase in antisemitism in Greece in 2002 and a worsening in attitude toward Israel and toward Greece's Jewish community of 5,000. The report of the Central Board of Jewish Communities in Greece, released in September, blames the media for intensifying the anti-Israel atmosphere. Israel is portrayed as a Nazi country which attacks "defenseless Palestinians," while Greek Jewry is described as "apathetic and languid" for not "taking a stand against the genocide of the Palestinian people against Sharon." Both this report and that of the Greek Helsinki Monitor (GHM) and the Minority Rights Group - Greece, released in November, document examples of antisemitic incidents which have resulted from this atmosphere. These include several vandalistic acts, among them desecration of the Jewish cemeteries of Ioannina and Macedonia and of Holocaust memorials in Thessaloniki, Eubea, and Rhodes. Allegations of a Zionist-Jewish conspiracy and antisemitic blood libel also feature in the media campaign against Israel.
Sources: Report of Greek Helsinki Monitor and Minority Rights Group - Greece, Nov. 2002; Ha'aretz Online (Eng. edition), 21 Jan. 2003; Ha'aretz (Hebrew), 21 Jan. 2003.

Jan 5 Prominent Egyptian Figure Speaks Out against Arab Antisemitism
   
In response to the escalation of antisemitic manifestations in the Egyptian media, and especially following the screening of the TV series Horseman without a Horse (based on The Protocols of the Elders of Zion) in Egypt and in other Arab countries during the month of Ramadan in November, special adviser to president Husni Mubarak Usama al-Baz published an article, "The Truth and Myth of Antisemitism, the Protocols, the Nazi Persecution and the Holocaust," in Egypt's semi-official daily Al-Ahram on 23, 24 and 25 December. Refuting the authenticity of the Protocols, the conspiracy theory and Holocaust denial, motifs that are widespread in the Arab world, al-Baz traces the roots of antisemitism in an attempt to prove that it is a European phenomenon alien to Islamic and Arab tradition. Antisemitism reached its peak with the deplorable extermination policies of Hitler and the National Socialist party, he said, pointing to the contrast between scientific and technological progress and moral backwardness in European societies. He explained how the forged Protocols and the blood libel have been used against the Jews, including by Hitler, to portray them as despicable hate-mongers and conspirators. He criticized Arab political groups and intellectuals who identified with Nazism and admired Hitler for his oratory skills, his control over the masses and his hostility toward Britain. Antisemitism, he stressed, had always been directed against Jews, and Arabs cannot hide behind the claim that they are themselves Semites and indiscriminately attack the Jews, instead of concentrating on legitimate criticism of Israel's policies. Holocaust revisionism, he warned, does not concern the Arabs. However, he said, stating that other peoples and groups had suffered from Nazi persecution like the Jews does not diminish the horror of the Jewish experience.
Sources: Al-Ahram, 23 Dec. 2002; Ha'aretz, 27 Dec. 2002; Yediot Aharonot, 29 Dec. 2002.


2002


Nov 20 Conference on the Roma
   
An international conference on the Roma will take place at Tel Aviv University, 1-4 December 2002. The conference, "The Roma - A Minority in Europe: Historical, Social and Cultural Perspectives," has been organized by the Stephen Roth Institute, in cooperation with the Friedrich Naumann Stiftung. For details, see Events. The public is invited.

Nov 4 Antisemitic TV Series to be Screened in Egypt
   
During the month of Ramadan, which starts in November, the Egyptian satellite television channel is scheduled to broadcast a new 30-part series, "Horseman without a Horse," based on the infamous tsarist forgery "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion." The plot of the series centers on a journalist who tries to discover whether the Protocols are authentic. The Protocols, which have epitomized antisemitic hatred since early the 20th century, appear to be gaining a new foothold in the Arab world, as part of its intensified psychological warfare against the Jewish state. Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister Michael Melchior criticized the Egyptian government for sanctioning the series, while the ADL and the Wiesenthal Center called on the State Department to intervene. The Egyptian authorities rejected their claims, and a special committee refuted allegations that the series was antisemitic. In an interview to the weekly Ruz al-Yusuf, the producer and lead actor of the series, Muhammad Subhi, said that his research revealed that 19 of the 24 protocols had been put into practice. The growing trend of popularizing and spreading antisemitic themes through TV serials and movies was highlighted during the month of Ramadan 2001 when Abu Dhabi aired a TV satirical series featuring the blood libel. In early 2001 Egyptian and other Arab producers decided to make a movie version of Syrian Defense Minister Mustafa Tlas' book "The Matzah of Zion," which is based on the blood libel.
Sources: New York Times, 23, 27 Oct., 2 Nov. 2002; Ha'aretz, 30 Oct. 2002.

Oct 3 Swiss Voters Reject Solidarity Fund Referendum
   
In a referendum held on 22 September 2002, Swiss voters narrowly rejected, by 52 percent, a government plan to allocate some $500 in interest from the sale of "excess" gold from Switzerland's central bank, to three beneficiaries, including the Swiss Solidarity Fund (the other two intended recipients were the Swiss national social security system and the governments of the Swiss cantons). The Solidarity Fund was originally set up in 1997 by then Federal President Arnold Koller to aid Holocaust and other victims of genocide or disaster. However, it was turned into a general fund to aid needy people and victims of racial persecution worldwide after Swiss banks reached a settlement with Holocaust victims and their heirs. The fund has been opposed since its foundation by right-wing populist member of the Swiss People's Party Swiss Christoph Blocher, who considers it "a product of the blackmailing of our country by Jewish circles in the United States." Blocher had succeeded in obtaining the necessary signatures to force the referendum.
Sources: abc NEWS online, 22 Sept. 2002; Reuters.com, 22 Sept. 2002; Ha'aretz, 2 Oct. 2002.

Sept 30 Antisemitic Poem Read by American Poet Laureate
   
The governor of New Jersey, James E. McGreevey, called for the resignation of the state's Poet Laureate Amiri Baraka (aka LeRoi Jones). Baraka - a central figure in the Black Arts Movement during the 1960s - read during the Geraldine R. Dodge Poetry Festival in Stanhope on 19 September his provocative poem "Somebody Blew Up America." The poem, first published in November 2001, has been characterized by the ADL as an insult to Jews. Among other anti-Israel and antisemitic allusions, the poem contains the following lines:

'Who knew the World Trade Center was gonna get bombed

Who told 4000 Israeli workers at the Twin Towers

To stay home that day

Why did Sharon stay away?'

Baraka said he had no intention of apologizing or resigning.


Source: The Boston Globe online. 27 Sept. 2002; Somebody Blew Up America

July 24 Jewish Cemeteries in Belarus Desecrated
   
More than 100 tombstones were desecrated in three acts of vandalism of Jewish cemeteries in Minsk and Borisov (Belarus) on 12 and 19 July 2002. Alarmed by the considerable increase in antisemitic attacks in Belarus on Jewish individuals, institutions and cemeteries, representatives of several Jewish organizations are intending to address an open letter to President Aleksandr Lukashenko requesting assistance. Lukashenko's government has been frequently criticized for not investigating antisemitic incidents. According to Yuri Dorn, head of the Jewish Religious Union in Belarus, "the authorities' inaction has prompted these activities" and "antisemites feel they can act with impunity in the country."
Sources: Jewish Agency Press Release, 19 July 2002; Haaretz, 12 and 19 July 2002.

July 22 Jewish Cemetery in Rome Desecrated
   
Some 40 graves in the Jewish section of the old Vereno cemetery in Rome were vandalized by unknown perpetrators on 18-19th July. At least one coffin was partially opened. Up till then, and in contrast to other European countries, Italy had not experienced violent antisemitic manifestations of this kind during the past year. Representatives of the Jewish community, as well as leading politicians, including Prime Minister Silvio Berlosconi and his deputy Gianfranco Fini, condemned the desecration. In a telegram to Rome's Chief Rabbi Riccardo Di Segni, Pope John Paul II deplored these "ignoble acts and the anti-Jewish sentiments that inspire them."
Sources: New York Times, 20 July 2002; San Francisco Chronicle, 19 July 2002; International Herald Tribune, ITH online, 20 July 2002.

April 22 Suspected al-Qa'ida Link to Tunisian Synagogue Attack
   
On 11 April a truck loaded with gasoline and explosives blew up in a narrow alley leading to the old synagogue in Djerba, Tunisia, killing 17 people - the majority German tourists, as well as the truck driver and a police officer. Worshippers in the synagogue were not hurt. At first, President Zayn al-Abidin bin Ali, whose regime has generally been successful in suppressing the activity of Islamist opposition forces, claimed it was an accident, but later confirmed that it was probably a terrorist attack. German authorities investigating the incident suspect involvement of al-Qa'ida members. Indeed, a group named the Islamic Army for the Liberation of the Holy Places, which is allegedly close to Usama bin Ladin, claimed responsibility for the attack. A group by the same name claimed responsibility for the embassy attacks in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998. A few days after the attack in Djerba, the synagogue in La Marsa, to the north of the capital, was broken into and swastikas sprayed on the walls. The relative security of the Tunisian Jewish community of 1,500-2000 Jews has been shattered by these incidents, as well as by anti-Israel demonstrations which took place in March and April in the wake of developments in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.
Sources: 12, 16, 18, 21 April 2002, Ha'aretz; 12 April BerlinOnline (Berliner Zeitung); 11 April ABCNEWS.com/Reuters

April 8 Annual Press Release of Stephen Roth Institute
   
On Monday 8 April, the eve of Holocaust Remembrance Day, the Stephen Roth Institute held its annual press conference, at which it presented its initial findings for the year 2001. Click here to view those findings, as well as an analysis of antisemitic reactions to the September 11 events.

February 17 Holocaust Deniers Meet in Moscow
   
On the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz (26-27 January 2002), leading international Holocaust deniers met in Moscow for a so-called International Conference on Global Problems of World History. The meeting was organized by Oleg Platonov, member of the editorial committee of the leading US-based Holocaust denial publication "The Journal of Historical Review." Among the participants were the Swiss Juergen Graf, Moroccan Ahmed Rami (living in Sweden), Austrian Gerhoch Reisegger, American journalist Christopher Bollen and former Ku Klux Klan leader David Duke. Scheduled also to speak was Fredrick Toben, head of the Australian center of Holocaust denial, the Adelaide Institute. According to "On-line Pravda," particular attention was paid to the lecture of American journalist Michael Piper, who linked the Israeli Mossad to the assassination of J.F. Kennedy. "On-line Pravda" referred to the participants as scientists, writers and public figures who doubt "the so-called Holocaust."
Sources: On-line Pravda, 1 Feb. 2002; D?W, Neues von ganz rechts, Feb. 2002; IDGR, Nachrichten 12 Feb. 2002; Schedule of International Conference on Global Problems of World History, 26-27 Jan. 2002.

January 27 Symposium: Racism, Antisemitism and 'the Other'
   
The Stephen Roth Institute is holding a symposium on the 10th anniversary of its founding. The symposium, entitled "Racism, Antisemitism and 'the Other'," will take place on 6 February 2002, at the Wiener Library, Tel Aviv University. Sessions will be devoted to "The Image of 'the Other' - Europe and the United States"; "Israeli Society and Antisemitism"; and "Arabs and Jews - Mutual Images." Speakers will include Supreme Court Justice Dalia Dorner; Prof. Dina Porat; Dr. Rafi Vago; Dr. Haggai Hurvitz; Dr. Graciela Ben-Dror; Dr. Roni Stauber; Dr. Yair Oron; Dr. Eli Podeh; Ms. Esther Webman; Attorney General Elyakim Rubinstein; Prof. Anita Shapira; and Prof. Irwin Cotler. All sessions will be held in Hebrew, except for Prof. Cotler's lecture. The symposium is open to the public.

January 27 Call for Papers: The Roma - A Minority in Europe
   

The situation of the Roma in Europe, especially in the former communist states, is one of the more important human rights issues on the agenda of the international community, especially in the Euro-Atlantic bodies of integration. Within European states with Roma populations there is a growing awareness that the matter must be confronted, and that a concentrated effort is needed to solve social problems and ease tensions between the Roma and the European nations among which they dwell. The issue is not only an internal one pertaining to these states alone but has become an international one due to the attempts of some Roma in Eastern and Central Europe to seek asylum in the West, and the emigration of thousands of others to Western countries.

At the same time a process of self-identification has been taking place among the various Roma communities - a search for roots, language and common features among the various groups. Their fate during World War II is of crucial importance in this process of identity and "nation-building," since victimization and persecution are key elements in this search.

The Stephen Roth Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism and Racism at Tel Aviv University is holding an international conference, entitled "The Roma - A Minority in Europe: Historical, Social and Cultural Perspectives," which will take place at Tel Aviv University from 1 to 3 December 2002. An advisory committee composed of distinguished scholars is accompanying its organization.

The conference will serve as a forum for a multidisciplinary discussion on the past and present of the Roma. It will seek to compare the historical experience of Jews and Roma regarding patterns of racism and xenophobia, as well as that of destruction and annihilation, reconstruction after the war and commemoration.

The conference will address the following topics:

1. A history of oppression? European attitudes toward the Roma in historical perspective.

2. The tragic fate of the Roma during the Nazi era - historiographical interpretations and historical memory.

3. Nation-building - the Roma and the international community (focus on organizational patterns of the Roma, emerging political activism).

4. The Roma experience - social and cultural aspects.

5. The current situation of the Roma in Western and Eastern Europe (education, living conditions, crime, legislation, etc.).

5. The current situation of the Roma in Western and Eastern Europe (education, living conditions, crime, legislation, etc.).

6. The "Jewish question" and the "Roma question": assimilation, integration and rejection (comparative aspects of relations between the minority and majority groups).

7. The "wandering Jew" and the "wandering Gypsy" - common stereotypes in the arts (literature, theater, cinema and art).

The suggested topic of your paper should relate to one of the themes listed above. Please e-mail an abstract, together with a short curriculum vitae, by 15 April, to Stauber@post.tau.ac.il

January 23 Ruling Given in Canadian Zundel Case
   
The Canadian Human Rights Tribunal has ordered the German Holocaust denier Ernst Zundel to close his Internet site, the Zundelsite. Zundel who was living in Toronto until recently (as a permanent resident since 1958, having been denied citizenship), has been one of the main distributors of antisemitic and Nazi apologetic material worldwide, via, among others, the Samisdat Publishing company, a short-wave radio program and a satellite TV show that is broadcast to Europe and the US. Zundel is believed to be living in Tennessee, USA, and currently operates his website from California. He has been the subject of numerous court actions since the 1980s.

Two complaints were filed against Zundel in 1996, one by the Toronto Mayor's Committee on Community and Race Relations, and the other by a private citizen, Sabina Citron. Both accused Zundel of using his site to expose Jews to hatred or contempt. In its ruling of 18 January 2002, the tribunal found that Zundel had contravened Section 13 of the Canadian Human Rights Act, which prohibits using federally regulated telecommunications systems to spread hate messages. It described the site as a place where "Jews are vilified in the most rabid and extreme manner." In regard to limiting the right of free speech, the tribunal stated that "the benefit continues to outweigh any deleterious effects on the respondent's freedom of expression." Zundel has 30 days to apply to the Federal Court for a review of the ruling.


Sources: Canadian Human Rights Tribunal site http://www.chrt-tcdp.gc.ca/decisions/docs/citron-e.htm; 'National Ticker', 19 Jan. 2002; 'Today's Toronto Globe and Mail', 19 Jan.

January 9 Third Antisemitic Attack in France within First Week of New Year
   
Gasoline bombs and stones were thrown at a synagogue in Goussainville, Paris, on Saturday 5 January. No one was injured but the building was damaged. It was the third violent attack on Jewish sites in France since the beginning of the year 2002.

On the occasion of the establishment of an international forum against antisemitism, on 6 January, Israel's Deputy Foreign Minister Rabbi Michael Melchior noted that the dangerous escalation of antisemitc violence in Europe, especially in France, was largely due to a campaign of demonization that certain Arab countries and militant Islamists were waging against the Jews.

French President Jacques Chirac condemned the latest spate of antisemitc attacks in France.


Sources: Haaretz, 7 Jan. 2002; Israel National News, 7 Jan. 2002; Associated Press, 6 Jan. 2002; Ananova, 7 Jan. 2002.


2001


December 24 Antisemitism in London's Political Salons
   
Since 11 September open expressions of antisemitism have become almost respectable in London's political and diplomatic salons, according to British journalist Barbara Amiel, in her column in the Daily Telegraph (17 December). She relates that during a private luncheon in November, a leading hostess in one such salon remarked that she could not stand Jews and when she was greeted by a shocked silence, claimed that they all agreed. Another incident took place at a private dinner party on 14 December, hosted by her husband Lord Black of Crossharbour, owner of the Daily Telegraph. While she does not name him, the media later revealed that it was the French ambassador to Britain, Daniel Bernard, who referred at the dinner table to "that shitty little country Israel," the cause of the current troubles in the world, and asked "why should the world be in danger of World War III because of those people?" In the wake of his exposure, Bernard's spokesman said that he had no intention of apologizing: "he doesn't feel there is any need for him to do so." Labour MPs, members of the Friends of Israel group, described the French ambassador's remarks as "eerily familiar from the French", and demanded his resignation. Israel's Foreign Ministry decided not to react.
Sources: BBC News, 20 December 2001; Jerusalem Post, 20 December 2001; Guardian, 20 December 2001; Jewish World Review, 18 December 2001.

December 16 Antisemitism Worldwide 2000/1 Accessible Online
   
We are pleased to announce that Anti-Semitism Worldwide 2000/1, issued by the Stephen Roth Institute, is now accessible online. The printed version, distributed by Nebraska University Press, will be published shortly.

PART ONE

Articles by:

Henry L. Feingold,"It Can Happen Here": Antisemitism, American Jewry and the Reaction to the European Crisis, 1933-1940

Rafael Vago, The Roma in Central and Eastern Europe: The Plight of a Stateless Minority

Michael Whine, The New Terrorism

Book Reviews by:

Rafael Vago on The Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe since 1989 and The Revival of Right-Wing Extremism in the Nineties.

Dina Porat on Antisemitism in the Beginning of the Third Millennium.

PART TWO

General Analysis

Overview

Antisemitic Manifestations Worldwide as a Corollary of the Al-Aqsa Intifada

PART THREE

Country and Regional Surveys

December 12 Antisemitic Assault on Rabbi in Belgium
   
On 5 December 2001, Albert Gigi (57), Chief Rabbi of Brussels, was assaulted and insulted by a gang of youths in Anderlecht, Belgium. After shouting at him and his companion in Arabic "Dirty Jews," they followed them into the Metro where one of them kicked Rabbi Gigi in the face, breaking his glasses. Antisemitic attacks, both verbal (often in Arabic) and physical, on persons identified as Jews have increased markedly in Belgium, especially in Brussels and Antwerp.
Sources: The correspondent of the Stephen Roth Institute in Belgium; Israel National News, 6 Dec. 2001.

December 9 Corrigendum - Anti-Semitism Worldwide 1998/9 - Belarus
   
It has been drawn to our attention that, due to a printing oversight, erroneous information appeared in the Belarus chapter of our annual review Anti-Semitism Worldwide 1998/9
. Herewith is the correct version of the text.

'Local branches of the neo-Nazi RNE (Russian National Unity), led by Gleb Samoilov, are active in the country. They are accused of attacking, on 6 February 1999, Andrei Sannikov, former deputy foreign minister and coordinator of the democratic movement Charter - 97. The group, however, is not strongly anti-Semitic.'

We sincerely apologize for the error and hope it has caused no harm.

November 18 Satirical Arab TV Program Shows Dracula Outdone by Sharon
   
A satirical program launched on Abu Dhabi television for the Ramadan holidays, uses crude antisemitic motifs including the blood libel. The first episode of "Terror Affairs" shows Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon feasting on a bottle full of red liquid which, he explains gleefully to a youngster dressed in orthodox Jewish garb, is the blood of Palestinian children. In the last scene, Dracula, the mythical cold-blooded vampire, intervenes to destroy Sharon, but is poisoned by the blood of the alleged arch killer. The blood libel theme is not new in the antisemitic Arab discourse. In the wake of the intifada which broke out in September 2000, it has been discussed in Arab newspapers as well as on TV talk shows as if it were an absolute truth.
Source: "Ha'aretz," 18 November 2001

October 24 Japanese Commentator Links Anthrax Attacks and "Jewish Control of the US Media"
   
Kojo Kawamura, a commentator of the Japanese network TV Asahi and its former bureau chief in Cairo, alleged during two broadcasts of the program "Super Morning," on 15 and 17 October, that "Jews were targeted for anthrax attacks because they control the US media." The Simon Wiesenthal Center issued a press release on 17 October protesting the dissemination of this classic antisemitic stereotyping and called on the directors of the network to remove Kawamura from his position, to disassociate themselves from antisemitic hate propaganda and to apologize to the Jewish community. Asahi TV is investigating the matter.
Sources: Simon Wiesenthal Center, Press Release, 17 October, 2001; Japan Today, 20 October 2001

September 30 Exhibition Celebrating Terrorist Attack Opened in Nablus
   
Palestinians at Al-Najah University in Nablus marked the first anniversary of the al-Aqsa intifada on 23 September 2001 by opening an exhibition which re-enacted the 19 August terrorist attack in Jerusalem, in which a suicide bomber killed 15 Israelis at the Sbarro pizza restaurant. The exhibition was organized by student supporters of the violent Islamic Hamas movement. Visitors trampled on Israeli and US flags to enter a room where body parts and pizza slices were strewn around. The exhibit included a large rock in front of an effigy of a religious Jew. A recording from inside the rock urged: "O believer, there is a Jewish man behind me. Come and kill him."
Sources: Ha'aretz (Associated Press) 24 Sept. 2001; The Host Reporting, 25 Sept. 2001.

September 11 New Book on Papal Role in Antisemitism
   
In his latest book "The Popes against Jews: The Vatican's Role in the Rise of Modern Anti-Semitism" (forthcoming in October 2001), David Kertzer, an expert in 19th century Italian history, contradicts the findings of a report by the Vatican Commission from 1998 which concluded that the church played no part in modern antisemitism. According to Kertzer, the findings of the commission are not supported by facts: "If the Vatican never approved the extermination of the Jews. the teachings and actions of the church, including those of the popes themselves, helped make it possible," he says in the book's introduction.

Kertzer's book will appear one year after the beatification of Pope Pius IX, which took place on 3 September 2000, arousing protests not only from many Jewish groups but also from moderate Catholics. In an interview on Italian national radio shortly before the ceremony, Kertzer cited Pius IX, who in 1871 referred to Jews as "dogs" "molesting people everywhere."

Ketzer is also the author of "The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara," an incident which occurred during the rule of Pius IX. Edgardo Mortara, aged six, was abducted in 1858 from his family in Bologna and taken to the Vatican by Papal police after it was reported that the Jewish child had been secretly baptized. Pope Pius IX refused to return Edgardo to his family, arguing that a Catholic boy could not remain with a Jewish family. Many European heads of state protested the kidnapping, as did the Jewish leadership. Blaming Rome's Jews for what he believed was a widespread Protestant conspiracy to defeat the papacy, Pius IX imposed medieval restrictions on the community. British Jewish historian Cecil Roth compared conditions for Jews under the pope's reign to those of Jews under pre-war Nazi Germany in the 1930s.


Sources: "Ha'aretz," 3 Sept. 2001; "The New York Times," 1 Sept. 2001; Stetson University, Press Release, 7 Feb. 2001; "Jerusalem Post," 3 Sept. 2000; "Book Passage," Oct. 2000; "Jewish Virtual Library," 3 Sept. 2000..

June 3 Antisemitic Remarks in Syrian President's Address to Pope
   
Antisemitic remarks were included in President Bashar al-Asad's address welcoming Pope John Paul II to Syria at the beginning of May. Asad condemned the Jews for considering themselves the chosen people and superior to other nations. In an effort to solicit the pope's sympathy and support, he tried to demonstrate that Muslims and Christians alike had been targeted by Jews since the time they had allegedly betrayed and tortured Jesus Christ and had made a similar attempt against Muhammad. The portrayal of Jews as the natural enemy of Christianity is not new in Arab rhetoric, having been manifested in Arab reaction to Christian-Jewish rapprochement since the second ecumenical council in 1965. In response to the international uproar his remarks aroused, Asad noted that no one can accuse the Semite Arabs of being antisemites.
Sources: "Ha'aretz," 6, 7, 8 May; "Washington Post," 7 May; "New York Times," 8, 13 May; "al-Hayat," 9 May; "Tishrin," 15 May; "Jordan Times," 9 May.

May 23 Arab Holocaust Revisionists Meet in Amman
   
As part of the events commemorating the Palestinian nakba, the Jordanian Writers Association (JWA), held a special meeting on 13 May to discuss "What Happened to the Revisionist Historians' Conference in Beirut?" (see items from 14 Feb., 26 March 2001). The driving force behind this meeting, of about 200 participants, was JWA member Dr. Ibrahim Alloush. JWA works closely with other professional associations in Jordan to combat normalization with Israel. Hence the meeting took place in the offices of the Association against Zionist and Racism (AZAR) in Amman. In contrast to the Beirut conference where all the speakers were to have been Western Holocaust revisionists, the principal participants in the Amman conference were Arab journalists and members of professional associations. They sought first and foremost to demonstrate opposition to the group of Arab intellectuals - mostly North Africans, Lebanese and Palestinians - who, understanding its potential damage to the Arab cause, called for cancellation of the Beirut conference.

Under the pretext of exposing the truth on Holocaust revisionists, the meeting reiterated the notions of alleged parallels between Zionism and Nazism, of Jewish exploitation of the Holocaust, and of the exaggerated number of Jews exterminated. The meeting, which was postponed twice due to government pressure, praised Roger Garaudy's contribution to popularizing 'revisionism', introduced the work of Robert Faurisson, and proposed establishing an Arab Committee of Historical Revisionism.

Although Arabs embraced Holocaust deniers in the past, the meeting in Amman was the first of its kind, signaling, perhaps, a developing trend of Arab-revisionist cooperation.


Sources: "Revisionist Historian Forum a Great Success," Middle East News Online, 16 May 2001; "JWA Pulls of Revisionist Historians' Conference," Jordan Times Online, 15 May; "Exclusive Interview with Dr. Ibrahim Alloush," Middle East News Online, 7 May; "The Jordanian Writers Association Sets a New Date for Its Forum.", The Free Arab Voice Online, 15 April 2001; AZAR, 18 May (MSANEWS).

May 14 Protests Force Oxford Union to Cancel Debate with Holocaust Denier
   
Holocaust denier David Irving, branded a "right-wing pro-Nazi polemicist" and "antisemite" by a British High Court judge, was invited by the prestigious Oxford Union university society to take part in a debate on the right of free speech. The union's decision to invite Irving prompted fierce protests from Jewish as well as non-Jewish organizations and, as in 2000 when it withdrew the invitation to Irving after protests, it cancelled the entire event, which was scheduled for 10 May. The judge's pronouncement on Irving was made in his June 2000 judgment of the libel case brought by Irving against American scholar Deborah Lipstadt.
Sources: Daily Telegraph online, 19 April 2001; Yahoo News, 9 May 2001

April 16 Annual Holocaust Memorial Day Conference
   
Information to Subscribers:

The title of the Ruta and Felix Zandman annual Holocaust Memorial Day conference is "Commemorating Jan Karski - From Poland to the West: Information on the Holocaust." The conference, organized by the Stephen Roth Institute, in cooperation with Beth Hatefutsoth and the Polish Institute, will be held at Beth Hatefutsoth, Tel Aviv University, on 19 April (Holocaust Memorial Day). Speakers will include Prof. Israel Gutman, from the Hebrew University and Yad Vashem; Mr. Jan Nowak Jezioranski, from the US; Prof. David Engel, from New York University; Prof. Dariusz Stola, from Warsaw; Mr. Heini Bornstein, from Kibbutz Lehavot Habashan; Prof. Feliks Tych, from the Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw; and Dr. Laurence Weinbaum, from the World Jewish Congress, Jerusalem. The public is invited.

March 23 Holocaust Denial Conference Cancelled
   
Lebanon has banned the international conference "Revisionism and Zionism" which was to have taken place in Beirut from 31 March to 3 April 2001. Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik al-Hariri made an announcement to this effect on 22 March (see previous Update, 14 Feb.). Leading Arab intellectuals, among them the Syrian poet Adonis and the Palestinian writer Edward Said, as well as Jewish organizations, had protested against this meeting of Holocaust deniers, which was to have been held for the first time in an Arab country. On 23 March, Verite et Justice, the organizers of the conference, published an announcement on the website of the Institute for Historical Review, declaring that the conference would take place in a country "that will not yield to threats and blackmail."
Institute for Historical Review, 23 March 2001; Jerusalem Post, 25 March 2001; Yahoo News, 23 March 2001; CNN.com./world 25 March 2001.

March 18 Conference: Continuity and Change in Patterns of Jewish Reaction to Modern Antisemitism
   
On 13-15 March a conference entitled "Continuity and Change in Patterns of Jewish Reaction to Modern Antisemitism" took place at Tel Aviv University. The conference was organized by the Stephen Roth Institute, in cooperation with the Anti-Defamation League, the World Jewish Congress and the Keller Foundation for Jewish Heritage. Four periods were covered: the turn of the century to World War I; the interwar period; the war and its aftermath; and in the wake of the Holocaust. Speakers included:

Prof. Israel Gutman - European Jews Facing the Phenomenon of Modern Antisemitism (Keynote Address); Prof. Marjorie Lamberti - The Jewish Defense of Germany Against Antisemitism and the Political Culture of Imperial German, 1890-1914; Dr. Yfaat Weiss - Debating Race and Culture: Central European Jews Face "German" Science; Prof. Robert Wistrich - The Jewish Response to Viennese Antisemitism at the End of the 19th Century: The Case of Dr. Samuel Bloch; Dr. Shlomo Netzer - Changes in Polish-Jewish Relations, 1862-1920; Mr. Ben Barkow - The Formative Years of the Wiener Library -Goals and Methods; Dr. Jacob Borut - From Optimistic Belligerency to Quiet Reserve: The Use of Legal Defense by the Centralverein from the 1890s to the; 1930s Prof. Zvi Bachrach - Kurt Tucholsky - A Jewish Antisemite?; Dr. Emanuel Melzer - Methods of Jewish Resistance to Antisemitism in Poland on the Eve of WWII (Accomplishments and Failures); Dr. Gulie Ne'eman Arad - Facing the Threat - German Jews Look to America; Dr. Simcha Epstein - Different Strategies in the Struggle Against Antisemitism in France in the 1930s; Prof. Moshe Zimmerman - Jewish Reactions to Antisemitism in Germany: The Challenge of Turnen and Sport (1898-1938); Prof. Henry Feingold - "It Can Happen Here": Antisemitism, American Jewry and the Reaction to the European Crisis, 1933-1940; Dr. Avraham Barkai - Zionists and Non-Zionists Facing the Rise of National Socialism, 1930-1933; Dr. Doron Rabinovici - The Jewish Response to Antisemitism in Austria Prior to the Anschluss; Dr. Ofer Shiff - "Assimilation with Pride: Universalistic vs. Particularistic Patterns of the American Jewish Response to Antisemitism During WWII and Its Aftermath"; Dr. Rafi Vago - The Jewish Community in Eastern Europe and Antisemitism, 1945-1948; Dr. Laurence Weinbaum - The Reaction of Diaspora Jewry to Antisemitism in Postwar Poland; Dr. Graciela Ben-Dror - The Jewish Community and Violent Antisemitic Expressions of Argentina's Military Regime, 1976-1983; Dr. Roni Stauber - Israel's Reaction to Antisemitism - The First Decade; Dr. Avi Beker - Changing Patterns of Global Jewish Reaction to the Holocaust; Prof. Rabbi David Rosen - Facing Antisemitism: The Impact of the Holocaust on American Jewish Organizations.

The conference concluded with a panel discussion led by Dr. Roni Stauber, and including Prof. Henry Feingold, Prof. Dan Michman, Prof. Dalia Ofer and Prof. Robert Wistrich. The conference proceedings will be published.

February 14 Holocaust Deniers Plan Conference in Beirut
   
Leading Holocaust deniers are to participate in a conference entitled "Revisionism and Zionism," scheduled to take place in the Lebanese capital Beirut, between 31 March and 3 April 2001. This is the first time that such a conference is being organized in the Middle East. In spring 2000 an unsuccessful attempt was made to hold a similar meeting in Iran.

The choice of the Middle East as the location of the conference is significant: Holocaust denial has become especially attractive to the ideologies of anti-Israel Arab and Muslin groups, which believe that it can help undermine the legitimacy of the Jewish state. These groups have increasingly adopted the argumentation of European and American Holocaust deniers.

The conference is co-sponsored by the California-based Institute of Historical Review (IHR), the leading Holocaust denial organization in the world, and by Association Verit? et Justice (Truth and Justice Association). This organization, based in Switzerland, was founded in 1998 and is currently headed by Holocaust denier J?rgen Graf, who fled to Iran to avoid a 15-month prison sentence in Switzerland for denial of the Holocaust. The organizers of the conference did not publish the exact location of the conference in Beirut but stated that "visitors arriving in Lebanon with passports containing an Israeli visa or entry/exit stamp will not be admitted into the country."


The Institute of Historical Review-home page

http://www.ihr.org/conference/beirutconf/background.html and http://www.ihr.org/conference/beirutconf/010109registration.html

Maariv and Haaretz, 13 February 2001; US Newswire, 12 February 2001


2000


December 31 Romanian Jewish Museum Target of Anti-Semitic Attack
   
A violent anti-Semitic incident occurred in the Jewish History Museum in Bucharest, Romania. After asking a guide where they could view "Auschwitz soap" or "soap made from human fat," two men, posing as visitors early in the morning of 28 December 2000, punched and choked a security guard, smashed windows and threw objects, before fleeing. There were no witnesses to the attack. Newly elected president Ion Iliescu condemned this "act of vandalism which attacks the memory and the identity of Romania's Jews." He called on the courts to "set an example in punishing" those responsible. Police are investigating.
Sources: AP, "Romania Jewish Museum Vandalized," 29 Dec. 2000; Central Europe Online, "Vandals Attack Romanian Jewish Museum, 29 Dec.; "Yediot Aharanot," 29 Dec. 2000.

December 25 Post-Election Romania and the Greater Romania Party
   
On 28 December 2000 the Romanian parliament will meet to approve the new government coalition under Prime Minister Adrian Nastase of the leftist Party of Social Democracy. Despite the defeat in the second round of the presidential elections (10 December) of Greater Romanian Party (GRP) leader Corneliu Vadim Tudor by former communist leader and post-communist president (1990-96) Ion Iliescu, the GRP became the second largest party in the Romanian parliament, winning 21 percent of the vote in the general election held on 25 November

The GRP's vitriolic language - including anti-Western, anti-Hungarian, anti-Semitic and anti-Roma expressions - used by party leaders and found in its publications, especially "Romanian Mare" (Greater Romania), makes it one of the most dangerous political formations among European extremists. Thus, the party is certain to be closely monitored by the international community and the Jewish world.

The popular support given to such a party is an indication of the difficulties post-communist Romania is facing on the slow and arduous road to reforms and prosperity. President Iliescu and his cabinet will have to reassure the international community and Euro-Atlantic bodies, such as the European Union into which Romania seeks to be integrated, that they will isolate the GRP and its demagogic leader (who was the "court poet" of the late communist dictator Ceausescu), in spite of the fact that as the second largest party, it is legally in charge of key parliamentary committee posts.

The GRP is likely to intensify its anti-Semitic rhetoric and vitriolic attacks on Jews, Judaism, Zionism and Israel in order to explain Tudor's failure to win the presidency, which according to him was "stolen" by Iliescu. It is also expected that internal strife within the GRP - not directly linked to its xenophobic and extremist stance - will have an effect on the popularity of the party and its political bargaining position. Almost one-quarter of the electorate, in a country which seeks its "return to Europe," gave their vote to one of the most extremist and anti-integrationist political formations in Europe. The Romanian elections of November-December 2000 should serve as a forewarning of the dangers of extremism in post-communist Central and Eastern Europe.


Dr. Rafael Vago, Regional Researcher for Eastern and Central Europe at the Stephen Roth Institute See also, inter alia: Central Europe Online, "Romanian Nationalist to Remain Player despite Presidential Defeat," 12 Dec. 2000; "Romania's Iliescu Crushes Nationalist Rival," 11 Dec.; New York Times, "Fears Voiced over Prospect Romanian Racist May Win," 3 Dec.; Jerusalem Post, "Romania's Jews Unfazed by Far-Right Victory," 28 Nov.

November 30 Anti-Semitic Blood Libel in Egypt's al-Ahram
   
The Al-Aqsa intifada has intensified anti-Semitic manifestations in the Arab and Muslim world. In a debate on Qatari-based al-Jazira television, Palestinian mufti Shaykh Nadir al-Tamimi claimed that there can be no peace with the Jews because they use the blood of Arabs on the Passover and Purim holidays. Following this appearance, the Egyptian semi-official paper al-Ahram published an article by `Adil Hammuda, entitled "A Jewish Matzah Made from Arab Blood." Hammuda retold the 1840 Damascus blood libel, in which Jewish rabbis were accused of murdering Father Toma and his assistant and used his blood for the Passover ritual. Explaining that the ritual originated in the Talmud, Hammuda finds contemporary evidence in the alleged behavior of the Israelis toward the Palestinians. "The bestial drive to knead Passover matzah with the blood of non-Jews is found in the records of the Palestinian police where there are many recorded cases of Arab children who disappeared and were later found torn to pieces without a single drop of blood. The most reasonable explanation is that the blood was taken to be kneaded into the matzah dough of extremist Jews to use during Passover." In response to this article, the ADL National Director Abe Foxman called on Egyptian President Husni Mubarak to publicly condemn the propagation of blood libels and of any form of anti-Semitic incitement.
'Adil Hammuda, "A Jewish Matza Made from Arab Blood," 'Al-Ahram, 28 October 2000; MEMRI, "Leading Egyptian Newspaper Raises Blood Libel," 6 November (www.memri.org).

November 5 Increase in Anti-Jewish Incitement by Muslim Extremists
   
Anti-Jewish incitement by Muslim extremists has increased since the outbreak of anti-Israel violence in the West Bank and Gaza Strip in late September. In the US, `Umar `Abd al-Rahman, spiritual leader of the Egyptian fundamentalist movement al-Jama`a al-Islamiya, who is serving a life sentence for his part in plotting the bombing of the Trade Center in New York in 1993, issued a statement from his prison cell against Jews everywhere in the world. He urged Muslim scholars to issue a 'fatwa' (religious edict), to allow the indiscriminate killing of Jews by Muslims. An edict containing a similar message was issued in February 1998 by the 'Islamic Front for Jihad against the Crusaders and the Jews', of which al-Rahman's group is a member. Leading international terrorist Usama Bin Ladin heads the front, coordinates its activities and finances it.

In Britain, Muslim extremist groups have organized a poster and leaflet campaign targeting Jews, some explicitly calling for the killing of Jews. Leaflets distributed in North London, which were linked to one such group, al-Muhajiroun, apparently led to the stabbing of a Jewish student in a bus there in mid-October. Jewish leaders are calling for the deportation of Omar Bakri Muhammad, religious leader of the group.

In Spain, a local Moroccan-born imam has been sued by the Catalonian government for pro-Hitler and rabidly anti-Jewish statements, including: "a world without Jews would be a paradise"; Hitler "only threw insecticide on the worm which was growing in the plant of Germany"; and the accusation that Jews opposed peace in the Middle East and only understood "the language of violence."


Source: "Jerusalem Post," 6 October 2000; "Telegraph" (UK - online), 19 October; "The Times" (online), 20 October; "The Times of India" (online), 20 October; News24 (online), 25 October.

September 14 David Duke Visits Moscow
   
Former Ku Klux Klan leader David Duke - who has been repudiated by the national leadership of the Republican Party and is currently serving as party chairman in St. Tamany Parish, Louisiana - visited Russia in August 2000, to spread his message of white supremacy and anti-Semitism. Duke was guest of Aleksandr Prokhanov, editor of the ultra-nationalist weekly "Zavtra," and of Konstantin Kasimovsky, head of the anti-Semitic organization Russian Action. Duke told a Moscow audience that they should fight "world Zionism" and that dark-skinned people should be expelled from Moscow. The crowd responded with "Glory to Russia" and "White Power" (the slogan of the Ku Klux Klan).

One year ago, in September 1999, David Duke met Communist Duma Deputy Albert Makashov in the offices of "Zavtra," to discuss "the new world order orchestrated by Jews." In an interview with the "Moscow Times" from Louisiana, Duke expressed his wish to cooperate with Makashov because both America and Russia were "losing their sovereignty" to the Jewish mafia.


Jerusalem Post, 6 Sept. 2000; ADL, Special Report, May 2000; National Pique, US Newswire, 25 Oct. 1999.

August 30 Anti-Semitism in Mainstream Latvian Journal
   
Gregory Krupnikov, head of the Jewish community in Latvia (11,000 members), has protested against the cover story of the August issue of the monthly "Kapitals," entitled "Zhids [Yids] Rule the World." The cover of this mainstream magazine (ca. 7,000 readers) shows a caricature of a religious Jew embracing the globe. Alleging that Jews ("the gangs") control international companies, Normunds Lisovskis, the author of the article - which was published in Latvian but is available in English - maintains that their economic success may be explained by the fact that they are "better cheaters." The editor of "Kapitals," Guntis Rozenbergs, resigned and sent his apologies to Krupnikov. Following the complaints of the Jewish community, the Bureau for the Protection of the Constitution launched an investigation to determine whether the magazine was inciting ethnic or racial hatred, which is a criminal offense under Latvian law, punishable by 3-year prison sentence and a fine.
Sources: "Kapitals," August 2000; "Jerusalem Post," 9 August 2000 and 16 August 2000; Associated Press (online), 5 August 2000; "Hazofe," 6 August 2000.

August 27 Polish Presidential Candidate Praises Nazi Housing Policy
   
General Tadeusz Wilecki (55), former Polish chief-of-staff (1992-97) and currently a candidate in the October 2000 presidential elections, has indicated his admiration for Hitler, especially his housing policy. During an electoral rally in Gorzow Wielkopolski on 20 August, Wilecki, who has the support of less than 1 percent of the electorate, reportedly said: 'A small house for each family - that was Hitler's great achievement', and 'Aside from all the evils [he caused], many things were done really well for the Germans'. On 21 August, Polish mainstream politicians, among them, Stephan Niesiolowski, of the governing Solidarity Bloc, condemned Wilecki's remarks.

Three months previously, in May 2000, another Polish politician, Tadeusz Iwinski, chairman of the Polish parliamentary delegation to the EU and vice president of the commission for minorities, was revealed by 'Gazeta Polska' as an anti-Semite who, in the late 1970s, published virulent anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist books and articles, comparable to Goebbels' propaganda.


Sources: Gazeta Polska, 17 May 2000; Agence France Presse (Poland Today Online), 20 August 2000; Reuters, 22 August 2000 (Poland Today Online).

July 17 Austrian Journalist to Sue Right-Wing Extremist Paper
   
The Austrian journalists union has come to the defense of the noted Viennese journalist and commentator Karl Pfeifer by deciding to finance a libel suit he is bringing against the extreme right-wing Viennese weekly "Zur Zeit." The case arose following the death, reportedly by suicide, of former Munster university professor Werner Pfeifenberger, on 13 May. Pfeifenberger, an Austrian citizen who was facing trial for breaking Austrian laws banning Nazi activities, sued Pfeifer for defamation, claiming $45,000 damages, after the latter had exposed the "Nazi tone" of an article written by Pfeifenberger in the yearbook of Jorg Haider's extremist Austrian Freedom Party (FPO) in which he blamed the Jews for the Second World War. Pfeifenberger lost the case after appealing to Austria's high court. After his still unclarified death, "Zur Zeit," published an article by Erwin Steinberger on "Jewish journalist" Pfeifer and others, accusing them of conspiracy and of "manhunting" Pfeifenberger "to death." The editor of "Zur Zeit" is Andreas Molzer, one of Haider's advisors in Carinthia.
Source: Institute's correspondent in Austria

June 7 David Irving Launches US Tour
   
After having lost his libel suit against Prof. Deborah Lipstadt, British Holocaust denier David Irving began a three-month tour of the United States to meet sympathizers and raise funds to pay his debts. He launched his tour by attending the "Thirteenth International Revisionist Conference" in Irvine, CA, dedicated to "Revisionism's Post-Lipstadt Counterattack". The conference was organized by Mark Weber, director of the Institute of Historical Review, who hosted leading figures from the Holocaust denial scene. They included Arthur Butz from the US, Robert Faurisson from France and Ernst Zundel from Canada, as well as several fugitves from justice, notably the German Germar Rudolf. Also scheduled to speak were Jurgen Graf from Switzerland, Frederik Toben from Australia, and John Sack and Bradley Smith from the US. The most prominent speaker was former Republican Congressman Pete McCloskey. Altogether 140 people attended the meeting while nearly 2,500 followed the proceedings live on the Internet.
Sources: "Holocaust Doubters Gather," San Jose Mercury News, 30 May 2000; "Holocaust Denier Launches US Tour with Rally among Sympathizers, JTA online, 31 May 2000; "Thirteenth IHR Conference - Schedule of Speakers," IHR, May, 2000; IHR-Update

May 31 Anti-Semitic Vandalism in Greece
   
Several serious anti-Semitic manifestations were reported from Greece during the months April and May 2000. In the northern Greek city of Thessaloniki, the Holocaust memorial to the 50,000 Jewish inhabitants deported and murdered during the Nazi era was desecrated in April. The same day swastikas were drawn on the walls of the synagogue of the town. One month later,on 25 May, 50 tombstones of the Athens Jewish cemetery, as well as the building used for burial services, were desecrated. At the same time, anti-Semitic slogans, such as "Juden Raus" and SS symbols, appeared on the Holocaust memorial of Athens. Representatives of the Jewish community condemned these manifestations of anti-Semitism and called on the authorities to take the necessary steps to counter them. The government and the leader of the Orthodox Christian Church belatedly issued a statement deploring the Athens desecrations. It should be noted also that on 24 May neo-Nazis scrawled swastikas and slogans such as "Death to the Jews" on the walls of the houses of the late actress and Greek Minister of Culture Melina Mercuri and of film director Jules Dassin. The May attacks occurred against the background of a public controversy caused by the Socialist government's decision to abolish religious affiliation on state-issued identity cards.
Sources: Press release of the Central Board of Jewish Communities in Greece, 25, 26 May 2000; Smearings and Swasitkas, NGZ-ONLINE, 22 April 2000; "Greek Police Promise Security after Jewish Sites Vandalized," Jerusalem Post, 25 April 2000; "Greece Condemns Cemetery Vandalism," Yahoo News, 29 May 2000.

March 30 Polish City's Attempt to Cleanse Itself of Anti-Semitism Marred
   
While officials of the Polish city of Lodz continue discussing the adoption of a regulation obligating property-owners to remove all traces of anti-Semitic smearings, on 21 March, the Day of Tolerance, thousands of citizens took to the streets in an effort to cleanse their city of racist - mostly anti-Semitic - graffiti. The event was organized in response to an appeal by former Lodz residents living in Israel, supported by the influential Polish newspaper "Gazeta Wyborcza."

That same evening, suspected neo-Nazi skinheads scrawled anti-Semitic slogans on the walls of the synagogue and on the house of Dr. Marek Edelman, an honorary citizen of Lodz and the only surviving commander of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising in 1943. The graffiti was signed by the NOP, the Polish extreme right National Rebirth of Poland movement, although a NOP spokesman denied any involvement of his group.

Political leaders in Poland condemned the incident and some citizens proposed banning the NOP. Lodz mayor Tadeuz Matusiak visited Dr. Edelman to express his distress.

Symcha Keller, head of Lodz's tiny Jewish community of 200 members, said that although, "the skinheads want to turn Lodz into an anti-Semitic city" the Day of Tolerance had been a "very big success." While he reported that he had received many expressions of solidarity after the anti-Semitic incidents, Dr. Edelmann was less optimistic: "In this country," he said, "every enemy is a Jew."


Sources: Yahoo News, "Anti-Semitic Vandals Mar Polish City," March 22, 2000; The Globe and Mail, "Polish Vandals Spoil Bid to Break Free of Anti-Semitism, March 23, 2000; NewsBote, "Hausbesitzer sollen antisemitische Graffiti entfernen," February 2, 2000.

March 13 Radio Iran - A Forum for Holocaust Denial
   
Radio Iran has become a prominent forum for Holocaust deniers from all over the world. Holocaust deniers interviewed by Tehran hosts on this network include Ahmed Rami, Ernst Zundel, Roger Garaudy, David Irving, Ingrid Rimland and Fredrick Toben. Radio Iran is broadcast on short wave to many countries worldwide and may be accessed via the Internet. According to Ernst Zundel, an international congress of Holocaust deniers has been scheduled for spring 2000 in Iran.
Sources: "Archiv-Notizen," February 2000; Zundelsite, March 1999, February 2000; "Journal of Historical Review," July/August 1999.

February 23 Hungarians Demonstrate in Support of Haider
   
About 1,000 Hungarians belonging to the far right political camp demonstrated their support for Jorg Haider and his party the FPO, on 12 February, in front of the Austrian embassy in Budapest. Protesting the EU decision to isolate Austria, their slogans included: "Long live Haider, the protector of democracy" and "Big Brother - the EU - is watching." The demonstration was initiated by the youth faction of the extreme right-wing Hungarian Justice and Life Party (MIEP), led by Istvan Csurka. A spokesman for the MIEP pointed out that there were many similarities between the FPO and his party.

One day later, more than 10,000 people demonstrated in the streets of Budapest to protest against neo-Nazism and to commemorate Budapest's liberation from Nazi occupation during WWII.


Sources: Agence France-Press, 13 February, 2000; Central European News, October 1999.

February 6 Holocaust a Myth, Says Syrian Newspaper
   
An official Syrian newspaper, "Tishreen," has described the Holocaust as a myth. In an article published on 31 January 2000, the editor, Muhammad Khayr al-Wadi, claimed Israel and Zionist organizations invented the myth of the Holocaust to squeeze compensation out of Germany and other Western countries and is using it against anyone who opposes Zionism and its expansionist policies of anti-Semitism. Although Holocaust denial is not a new theme in the Arab and Syrian press, this particular venomous attack coincided with the lack of progress in the Israeli-Syrian peace negotiations and the conference on the Holocaust that ended in Stockholm the previous week. The article charged that Israel had convened the conference to further Jewish lies about the Holocaust, in order to counter dissenting voices which were questioning it. Historical facts, the paper asserted, proved that Zionist leaders collaborated with the Nazis so that the Jewish problem would be exacerbated, but the Zionists seek to silence all credible speakers, including the British historian David Irving. "This is a kind of physical and mental terrorism," claimed the writer. He further stated that Zionism was erasing from human memory the other 50 million Nazi victims by concentrating on the suffering of the Jews. "Israel, which presents itself as heir to the victims of the Holocaust, committed and keeps on committing against the Arabs crimes that are uglier than those committed by the Nazis," who "did not drive out a whole nation from their homeland and did not bury people alive."

It should be noted that the article was severely criticized by Jewish organizations in the US, and that US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright referred to it, saying that such attacks were not conducive to solving the stalemate in the peace process.


Sources: Yahoo online, 31 January 2000; "Ha`aretz," 1, 2 February; "Yedi`ot Aharonot," 1 February; "Frankfurter Rundschau," 1 February.


1999


November 24 Amazon Ceases Sales of "Mein Kampf" to Germany
   
The official policy of the two largest Internet booksellers, amazon.com and barnesandnoble.com, is to sell any book in print to any customer worldwide. This principle became the center of a controversy, when it became clear that customers could easily order and receive through amazon.com and barnesandnoble.com books that are banned in their country.

The Swiss organization Children of the Holocaust Action (Aktion Kinder des Holocaust, AkdH) pressed charges in Germany against these companies for distributing the anti-Semitic book "Geheimgesellschaften," by Jan van Helsing, in English. The book has been banned since 1996 in Switzerland a well as in Germany. In Germany, the Simon Wiesenthal Center complained to the authorities that amazon.com and barnesandnoble.com were offering and distributing Nazi publications such as the English version of Hitler's "Mein Kampf" and "The Protocols," as well tracts such as "White Power." by the deceased leader of the American Nazi Party, Lincoln Rockwell.

In view of the above, as well as the fact that (or despite the fact that) these books, especially "Mein Kampf," have become bestsellers on the German market, where they are illegal (in September 1999 "Mein Kampf" was listed by amazon.com as No.2 on its "uniquely best selling list" in Germany), amazon.com announced on 18 November 1999 that it would stop selling the book in Germany. Germany's justice minister welcomed Amazon's decision. Barnesandnoble.com, as well as another online retailer Borders Group In., were reviewing their policies, but had no immediate plans to restrict sales.


Sources: Freie Umschau Europa Online, 11 August 1999; Jewish Telegraphic Agency Online, 10 August 1999; Focus Online, 18 November 1999; "Washington Post," Online, 18 November 1999; Lycos News Online, 18 November 1999; Reuters Online, 19 November 1999.

November 17 Raid on Neo-Nazi Network in Upper Austria
   
Austrian police have been investigating the activities of a neo-Nazi group in Upper Austria since the end of 1998. In August 1999, when it became clear that the group posed a real threat to law and order, a special unit, the SOKO, was formed to investigate the modus operandi of the network as well as its links to foreign groups.

On 30 October, police revealed that following the investigation of 12 right-wing activists, SOKO had enough evidence to search about 40 houses in Upper Austria (Hitler's birthplace), where the neo-Nazi ring operated. A total of 69 persons were questioned, and 8 ringleaders, aged between 17 and 37, were arrested. Nazi propaganda confiscated during the searches included wine bottles with Hitler's portrait on the labels, racist music CDs, flags and gas-masks, as well as weapons and ammunition.

Police officials said that the group had close links to neo-Nazis in Germany, Britain, the Czech Republic and the US. They were planning to buy property in the Czech Republic for a camp to train activists for a "political coup." . Other material confiscated included computer lists with names of leftists and anarchists who would be "erledigt" (liquidated) after the eventual takeover. Conspiratorial meetings had taken place in private apartments and local pubs as well as in the open air.

The group is said to be extremely racist and anti-Semitic, proclaiming the "purity of the German race" and seeking the "anschluss" of Austria to the homeland (Germany).


Sources: "Der Standard," 1 November, 1999; Associated Press (On-line), 2 November, 1999; "Salzburger Nachrichten," 30 October 1999.

October 27 Steep Rise in Anti-Semitism Before and After Austrian Election
   
The president of the Jewish Community in Austria (Israelitische Kultusgemeinde), Ariel Muzicant, reported a dramatic tenfold increase in violent incidents against the Jewish population during the weeks prior to the federal elections on 3 October 1999 and in the aftermath of Jorg Haider's electoral success. According to Muzicant, who has received hundreds of threat letters and phone calls with anti-Semitic content, since the election about 85 attacks (insults, threats, jostling, spitting) on Jews recognized as such, have been registered by the community. Muzicant reported the increase of anti-Semitic and xenophobic manifestations in Austria at a news conference (on 22 October) of the Platform Democratic Offensive, which opposes Haider's policies. The group is planning a demonstration against Austria's swing to the right on 12 November, the Day of the Republic. Ferdinand Lacina, a former finance minister (Social Democratic Party) and member of the group, said that he felt the beginning of "more aggression and less tolerance" toward foreigners in Austria. "No coalition with racism" is the motto for the planned rally.
Sources: Falter, 27 October; AP (Yahoo News), 22 October; Reuters (Yahoo News), 22 October.

October 13 Jewish Cemeteries in Germany Vandalized
   
The largest Jewish cemetery in Europe, the Weissensee cemetery in Berlin, founded in 1880, was desecrated over the weekend of 2-3 October. One hundred and three gravestones were overturned or smashed in what police believed to have been a neo-Nazi attack. At the same time, the memorial site for Jews deported by the Nazis from Berlin, at the Putlitz Bridge, Berlin Tiergarten, was daubed with swastikas. One week later, 30 gravestones were overturned and defaced with swastikas in the southeastern German city of Alsheim. Anti-Semitic slogans were also painted on the cemetery wall. Police have offered a reward for information regarding the incidents.
Sources: Spiegel Online, 4 October, "Jewish Cemetery Desecrated"; "New York Times," 5 October; "Ma'ariv," 5 October; "Frankfurter Rundschau," 7 October.

October 10 Jewish Sites Vandalized over Holidays
   
A number of Jewish sites were vandalized over the Jewish holidays in September. The Jewish cemetery in Warsaw, Poland, was severely damaged over Rosh Hashana (the Jewish New Year; 10-11 September). Tombstones were smashed and the place was strewn with rubbish and graffiti. Police were investigating. At the same time, the Christchurch Synagogue in New Zealand was attacked by what was later identified as an air-gun, in what was described as one of the worst acts of violence the community had known. On the eve of Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement; 19-20 September), 62 graves were vandalized in the La Tablada cemetery, near Buenos Aires. Both the AMIA and DAIA, Argentina's leading Jewish organizations, as well as the Latin American representative of the Simon Wiesenthal Center, expressed their outrage and demanded that the Buenos Aires provincial police not be involved in the investigation. Several members of the Buenos Aires provincial police are currently under investigation for previous acts of vandalism of the La Tablada cemetery, while others are in custody, under suspicion of involvement in the 1994 bombing of the AMIA Center, in which 86 people were killed. Argentinean President Carlos Menem condemned the latest vandalism.
Sources: Reuters Online: "Jewish Chronicle," "Religious Sites are Vandalized," 17 September; "Vandals Damage Jewish Tombs in Argentina," 19 September; 'Argentina's Menem Condemns Jewish Cemetery Attack," 20 September; "Jewish Group Wants Vandalism Probe Steered Away from Buenos Aires Police, 21 September.

October 7 Austrian Elections
   
The parliamentary elections in Austria on Sunday 3 October brought the far right one step further toward their goal of becoming the leading political power in Austria. Joerg Haider's Freedom Party, the FPO, received 27.2% of the vote, becoming the second largest party in Austria. Its anti-foreigner ideology and xenophobic rhetoric, propagated through extremist slogans inciting against "Uberfremdung" (inundation) and "Asylmissbrauch" ( asylum abuse), attracted not only far right sympathizers but also so-called protest voters wanting a change after 50 years of consensus politics, Although Chancellor Viktor Klima's Social Democrats remained the largest power with 33.4%, their share of the vote was the lowest since 1945. The Conservative People's Party, led by Foreign Minister Wolfgang Schuessel, dropped to third place (final results not yet in).

European commentators are describing Haider as a "dangerous populist" ("La Republica," Rome), who represents "an Austrian longing for a Fuhrer" ("Tagesanzeiger," Zurich), where the "ghosts of the Nazi past have never been properly exorcised in the land of Hitler's birth" ("The Times," London). Some warn that the Austrian example could influence other European countries: "Since all European parties are governed by partners of the two that emerged exhausted from this vote, the challenge posed by Haider's success takes on continental dimensions" ("Liberation," Paris). Austrian newspapers prefer to underline the fact that although the FPO "scored a breakthrough," it was not able to initiate a "landslide" and that "the doors to the chancellery remain closed to him (Haider) and even participation in government is very unlikely" ("Kurier," Vienna).


Sources: Spiegel Online, "Austria Has Voted," "Foreign Press: A New Hitler?" 3 and 4 October; Reuters, 5 October; UPI, 4 October.

September 1 Cemetery and Synagogue Desecrated in Poland
   
On 24 August, the Jewish cemetery and synagogue in Tarnow, southeast Poland, were desecrated. Anti-Jewish slogans, such as "Jews, go to Israel" and "Hitler returns" were smeared on the walls. This is the second time this year that the cemetery, one of the oldest in Poland, has been vandalized (the first attack was in May). One month previously, a Jewish community building in Bielsko-Biala, southern Poland, was reportedly vandalized, with anti-Semitic slogans and symbols smeared all over the building. The police are also investigating the repeated desecration of the Jewish cemetery in Krakow.
Sources: AFP news release, 26 July 1999; "Berliner Zeitung" Online, 24 August 1999.

August 29 South American Neo-Nazis Coordinate Activities through the Internet
   
The arrest of several neo-Nazis in Uruguay has brought to light the attempt to create a network of South-American neo-Nazis via the Internet. At the beginning of August, six members of the Orgullo Skinhead group (Skinhead Pride) were arrested by the Uruguayan authorities. On 12 August, three of them were charged with racial incitement and membership of a criminal organization. Three more extreme right-wing groups are said to be under observation by the authorities. They recruit members in provincial towns and in schools in Montevideo. The police had observed the activities of the Orgullo Skinheads on the Internet, which included the dissimination of racist and fascist propaganda on their website.

In February another member of the extreme right-wing scene was arrested in Montevideo. Gustavo Vargas, 21, who served in the Uruguyan navy, was linked to three bomb attacks in late 1998. At the time the government declared that Vargas was working alone, but further investigation showed that organized neo-Nazis had been operating in Uruguay for some time and that Vargas was active in these organizations.

According to the Argentinean paper "Pagina 12," the Orgullo Skinheads have close links with extreme right-wing circles in Argentina. Ivan Franze, leader of the New Social Patriotic Order Party (PNOSP), admitted to having strong ties with the national revolutionary front in Uruguay.


Sources: "Junge Welt," 18 August 1999 and information from our correspondent in Uruguay.

August 23 Anti-Semitic Attack in Switzerland
   
A 48-year-old Israeli tourist, wearing a kippa (skullcap), was stabbed, on 16 August, in the center of Zurich by a 51-year-old Swiss, with a kitchen knife. The assailant is known to have been angrily outspoken on the subject of the dormant Swiss bank accounts of Holocaust victims. The victim was seriously injured, but is now out of danger.

Although the authorities described the perpetrator as a psychopath, it has become obvious that his motives were anti-Semitic. "Even a psychopath acts in surroundings and in an atmosphere which is heavily influenced by politics," declared Werner Rom, president of the Israelitischen Cultusgemeinde Zurich (ICZ), and blamed the dissemination of propaganda against asylum seekers (inter alia, by the Zurich branch of the Schweizerische Volkspartei) for inciting attacks against foreigners and Jewish citizens.


Sources: "Die Welt," 19 August 1999; "Schaffhauser Nachrichten," 19 August 1999; "Die Sudostschweiz," 19 August 1999.

July 28 More Anti-Semitic Violence in Russia
   
The 12-year old son of Lubavitch Rabbi Itzhak Kogan prevented the explosion of a bomb inside the Bolshaya Bronnaya synagogue in Moscow. The bomb was discovered on July 25 when the synagogue was crowded with children. The detonation of the bomb (after the evacuation of the the synagogue) by a bomb squad caused windows in the neighborhood to shatter but nobody was hurt. The bomb is said to have contained half a kilogram of TNT. The Russian government condemned the bomb attempt. Mark Levin, the executive director of the National Conference on Soviet Jewry, has demanded a "strong statement of condemnation of these incidents," especially in view of the increasing manifestations of anti-Semitism and neo-Nazism in Russia.

Two weeks before, on July 13, a prominent community leader, Leopold Kaimovsly, was stabbed at the Choral Synagogue in Moscow, and seriously wounded. The perpetuator, a 20-year-old student, known by his last name, Krivchun, shouted during his arrest: "There are 50,000 of us, we will kill you anyway."

Following the increase of violence against Jews and Jewish sites, the Russian authorities have promised to tighten security measures at all Moscow synagogues. Security systems can be found today only in two Moscow synagogues, while schools, offices of Jewish organizations and soup kitchens lack even basic measures to protect them. The Moscow community has decided to create a security foundation to raise funds in Russia and abroad.


Sources: Jewish Telegraph Agency (Internet), July 13, 25, 26; Foxnews (Internew) July 26; Agence France Press (Internet), July 27; "Haaretz," July, 26.

June 24 Arson Attacks against Three Synagogues in the US
   
Arsonists attacked three synagogues in Sacramento, California, on 18 June. The attacks occurred almost simultaneously, indicating that they were coordinated. Moderate damage was caused to Beth Shalom and Knesset Israel, and the library of Bnai Israel was gutted. Anti-Jewish and anti-NATO leaflets found on the premises read, inter alia: "The ugly American and NATO aggressors are the ultimate hypocrites. The fake Albanian refugee crises was manufactured by the Jewish media to justify the terrorizing, the bestial bombing of our Yugoslavia back into the dark ages," and "We are Slavs, we will never allow the international Jewish World Order to take our Land." The police suspect that The National Alliance and the World Church of the Creator may be behind the attacks. These two white supremacist organizations have been expanding and become very active recently. The North American Board of Rabbis is offering a $10,000 reward for information leading to the arrest of the arsonists.
Sources: CNN On-Line, June 18, 1999; Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 22 June 1999; "Ha-Aretz," 20, 22 June 1999.

June 10 Thirteen Iranian Jews Arrested for Allegedly Spying for Israel
   
A group of 13 Iranian Jews from Isfahan and from the southern city of Shiraz were arrested in January and March by the Iranian authorities. The arrests were reported for the first time by Iranian radio only on June 7, after discreet efforts to bring about their release had failed. They were accused of spying for the "Zionist regime" and "world arrogance." However, it is apparent from the list of names published in the media that they are all ordinary people uninvolved in politics. Some hold religious functions such as cantor, circumciser or teacher.

Israeli Foreign Minister Ariel Sharon declared that none of the arrested men were involved in espionage, nor had they, in the past or present, any connection with an Israeli intelligence agency. Israel is concerned that the men were arrested merely because they are Jewish. The Jewish community in Iran is traditionally very loyal to the regime; hence it is conjectured that the arrests are part of an internal power struggle, aimed at disrupting President Khatami's overtures to the West. The UN, Jewish organizations, humanitarian agencies and business people with interests in the region are engaged in efforts to obtain their release.


Sources: JTA, 7 June; "Ha`aretz," "Mideast Mirror," 9 June 1999.

June 3 Holocaust Denial Charges against Polish Academic
   
The chairman of the commission investigating crimes against the Polish people (Nazi and communist crimes), Witold Kulesza, has filed charges against Dariusz Ratajczak, accusing him of Holocaust denial. The law, updated in April 1999, imposes a sentence of up to three years on those who deny Nazi or communist crimes. Ratajczak, a popular professor of history at the University of Opole, had published independently his book "Dangerous Topics," in which he claims that Zyklon B was not used for killing human beings in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. He also alleged that there was no Nazi plan for exterminating the Jews and that most Holocaust scholars "are adherents of the Holocaust religion." Ratajczak, who was suspended from his teaching post following protests, is a well-known activist within nationalist circles.
Sources: "Jewish Telegraph," 16 April 1999; "Suddeutsche Zeitung," 9 April 1999; "Die Welt," 10 April 1999; Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 11 April 1999.

March 11 Italy Recognizes Fascism of War Years
   
On 27 January an official book, "The Persecution of the Jews during the Fascist Period - Racial Laws 1938," was launched at a ceremony in the Italian Parliament, attended by President Luigi Scalfaro, the parliamentary (Parliament and Senate) presidents, ministers and members of the Jewish community. The book was initiated by the president of the Parliament, Luciano Violenta, who has showed particular sensitivity to issues concerning the Holocaust, fascism and persecution of the Jews. It contains essays and academic articles, as well as a documentary section including the racist laws and the proceedings of the debate in the Italian parliamentary in 1938, after which the laws were unanimously approved. The book is to used as a compulsory text in Italy's high schools.

In another development concerning the war years, Gianfranco Fini, leader of the Alleanza Nazionale visited Auschwitz in mid-February. The visit appears to be a further step in Fini's attempts to shake off the party's image as an inheritor of the fascist ideology of its predecessor, the Movimento Sociale Italiano. Fini was in Poland at the invitation of the ZChN, a Polish Christian nationalist party that is part of the ruling center-right coalition.

Based on information from our correspondents and Infoseek (Internet), 19 February 1999.

February 22 Former Croatian Concentration Camp Guard Not to Face Charges
   
Nada Sakic, a former Croatian concentration camp guard, who was extradited from Argentina in November 1998 to face war crimes charges in her native country, has been released from jail after the state prosecutor said there was not enough evidence to formally charge her. Calling it a political decision, Jewish and Serb activists expressed anger and astonishment that having provided seemingly enough evidence for her extradition, the authorities had now decided to let her go. President Franjo Tudjman, on the other hand, spoke of the cases against Nada and her husband Dinko (who is in jail awaiting the start of his own war crimes trial) as "the West's renewed manipulation of NDH [Independent State of Croatia] crimes." The Sakics were members of the brutal fascist Ustashe regime which ruled the Independent State of Croatia from 1941 to 1945. The Simon Wiesenthal Center has now asked Yugoslavia to review its extradition request for Sakic.
Based on "The Jerusalem Post," 3 February 1999, "St. Louis Post-Dispatch" (Internet), 2 February 1999, Infoseek (Internet), 2 February 1999.

February 11 New Center in Denmark for Genocide Studies
   
A center for genocide studies is to be set up in Denmark in 1999. Focusing on information, documentation and research, the center will examine the political and cultural phenomena which lead to genocide. It is the brainchild of the historian Stig Hornshoj-Moller, and was promoted in parliament and in government circles by Christian Democratic MP Peter Duetoft. According to Dr. Hornshoj-Moller, the Holocaust "... creates a natural framework of interpretation for further research into this area [genocides]. But the moral goal of such a center must be to analyze the features that tend to lead to genocidal phenomena. One of its most important tasks must therefore be to work out proposals to prevent political developments which could lead to new genocides." Hornshoj-Moller points out that while in Sweden and Germany Holocaust denial is forbidden, this is not the case in Denmark. He believes that the lax attitude of the Danish authorities to Holocaust denial partially explains Denmark's relatively prominent role on the international neo-Nazi scene. While Duetoft uses the term "holocaust" cautiously, he believes that an investigation of mass killings such as the Turks' massacre of the Armenian population and the recent massacres in Africa will elicit common features and patterns. Danish Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen has personally taken an interest in the project, which has also attracted the attention of international groups such as the International Study Group for Trauma, Violence and Genocide.
Based on "Politiken Sondag," 7 March 1998

February 3 Jewish Cemetery Vandalized in Tbilisi
   
A serious anti-Semitic incident was reported in Georgia. On 3 December 60 gravestones in the Jewish cemetery in Tbilisi were overturned, the second such incident in the capital in recent years. No group claimed responsibility for the act, which was committed during the visit of the speaker of the Georgian parliament to Israel. Both President Eduard Shevarnadze and the parliament condemned the act. Anti-Semitic incidents are rare in Georgia, where relations between local Georgians and Jews have traditionally been harmonious.
Based on Infoseek News, 4 December 1998, release of the statement of the Georgian parliament, 8 December 1998 and "Jewish Telegraph," 11 December 1998.

January 21 Former Concentration Camp for Roma Site of Pig Farm
   
Activists in the Czech Republic are demanding the removal of a pig farm from the site of a World War II concentration camp erected exclusively for Roma (Gypsies). The farm was built by the former communist regime and privatized in 1994. More than 300 Roma died in the camp in 1942-43; other Roma were sent to Auschwitz. A government spokesman promised that the Cabinet would examine the issue, but noted that the owners' rights too had to be taken into consideration. He thought that "some sort of removal" would probably take place. Jewish figures such as Prague Rabbi Karold Sidon and Simon Wiesenthal were among those who petitioned the government to remove the farm.
Based on Fox News (Internet), 4 December 1998

January 13 Garaudy Defended in Turkey
   
Gulay Gokturk, a Turkish citizen known for her liberal views, published two articles in the mainstream English-language newspaper "Sabah," in the wake of the French court's decision to convict Roger Garaudy for publishing his book "The Founding Myths of Israeli Policy." She defends Garaudy for having committed "a crime of thought" by daring to question the number of Jews exterminated in the Holocaust and the existence of the gas chambers. She says what is important is not the number of dead at Auschwitz but the fact that people were beginning to question the version of history written at Nuremberg, "the history of the victorious." The crux of the issue is that the philosopher was convicted because of his historical perspective and was denied freedom of thought, she asserts. The Turkish Jewish community strongly protested to the publishers of the newspaper, claiming the articles were erroneous, biased and anti-Semitic. The publishers explained Gokturk was merely defending freedom of expression.
Based on "Sabah," 23 and 24 December 1998 and on information from our correspondents

January 6 Rise in Anti-Semitism in Serbia
   
A serious rise in anti-Semitism has been noted in the last three months in Serbia (Yugoslavia). This rise has been manifested in violent incidents and graffiti, defamatory articles and comments in the media, increased production and sale of anti-Semitic literature and personal insults. For example, Molotov cocktails were thrown at the synagogues in Belgrade and in Novi Sad. The attacks occurred late at night and there were no injuries or damage. Moreover, the Belgrade synagogue was defaced with anti-Semitic graffiti, such as "Long live Adolf Hitler," and "Death to the Jews," as well as swastikas and SS symbols. Television networks, such as Politika and BK, and publications such as "Beli Orao," have recently provided a forum for people who claim there is a "world Jewish conspiracy" against Serbia, or that world Jewry is disseminating "Satanic culture." The charge that the Jews are anti-Serbian also appeared in the journal "Argument." It published a letter which accused the US Congress of reneging on a promise to do all it could to help Yugoslavia and Serbia because of the anti-Serbian stand of the Jews. The journal itself added: "One cannot ignore the fact that well-paid Jews in key positions are involved wherever there is conflict in the world." It denounced the Jews of Serbia for forgetting the assistance extended them by the Serbs under the Nazi regime and implied that they supported the Albanians because they were the wealthy side in the conflict over Kosovo. This increase in anti-Semitic attacks can be seen against the background of Serbia's hard-pressed international position as a result of the Kosovo conflict and the threat of NATO bombing. According to some Serbs, Jews are an extremely influential factor in the West and if it wasn't for their anti-Serbian stand, Serbia's international position would be completely different.
Based on information from our correspondents, December 1998.


1998


December 30 Russian Anti-Semitic Utterances Continue
   
In continuation of our item of 22 November on the anti-Semitic utterances of Communist Party deputy General (ret.) Albert Makashov, his attacks appear to reflect a climate that is receptive to anti-Semitism. Not only did the Duma fail to censure Makashov, but several weeks later the head of the Communist Party, Gennady Zyuganov, spoke of the "Zionist conspiracy" and the relationship between fascism and Zionism. Another Communist deputy, the chairman of the Duma's Defense Committee, Viktor Ilyukhin, accused the Jews of driving President Boris Yeltsin to commit genocide of the Russian people through the dissemination of diseases. Anti-Semitic attacks have also been emanating from the nationalist and extreme right-wing camp. In November, some 50 neo-Nazis, members of a new group, the National Front, which unites neo-Nazis with radical nationalist groups, marched through downtown Moscow chanting anti-Semitic slogans. Moreover, despite warnings of legal steps by Russia's prosecutor-general, the Black Hundreds, an anti-Semitic organization that was active in tsarist Russia, banned by the Soviet government, and now reactivated, organized a demonstration opposite the lower house of the Duma on 24 November. Their banners read, inter alia, "Kill all Jews!" and "Try the Jewish fascists at trials like the Nuremburg ones!" The prosecutor-general has announced that their activities will be investigated. On the positive side, Moscow municipality has banned the convening of a meeting of the Russian National Unity party, led by the extreme nationalist Aleksandr Barkashov, in Moscow. Members of the party are characterized by their shaven heads, black military uniforms and swastika emblems.
Based on "Haaretz", 22, 29 November, 16, 25 December 1998, "Australian Jewish News," 13 November 1998, J[ewish]T[elegraph]A[agency], 30 November 1998, "Jewish Telegraph," 4 December 1998.

December 27 Australian Human Rights Commission Hears Claims of Anti-Semitism and Holocaust Denial
   
Two defendants in hearings before the Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission on charges of violating Australia's anti-racial and anti-discrimination laws, left the proceedings in protest against the commission's refusal to accept their anti-Semitic and Holocaust denial arguments. At a hearing before the New South Wales state commission on 2 November, Frank Toben of the Adelaide Institute, which is charged by the Executive Council of Australian Jewry (ECAJ) with maintaining a website containing anti-Semitic material and calling the Holocaust a hoax, walked out because the commission refused to let him argue that no extermination of Jews occurred. Almost three weeks later, at a hearing before the commission in Launceston, Tasmania, following charges also brought by the ECAJ, Olga Scully, accompanied by her associate Toben, left the proceedings claiming they were immoral. Scully is accused by the ECAJ of placing unsolicited anti-Semitic materials in letterboxes of Jews and non-Jews and of selling anti-Jewish material at a local market. Among Sully's claims were that Judaism was a "satanic cult," that the Jews were "alien leeches" out to "destroy white Christian civilization," and that the Holocaust was a "myth created by Jewish leaders for dubious political purposes." The hearings are to continue.
Based on: "Washington Post," of 2 November 1998, "Australian Jewish News," of 6 and 20 November 1998.

December 16 German Writer Stirs Up Controversy over the Country's Past
   
A controversy has broken out in Germany in the wake of a speech by the German author Martin Walser on his receipt of Germany's most prestigious literary prize at the Frankfurt book fair in October. Walser said, inter alia, that Auschwitz must not be allowed to become "a routine threat, an instrument for intimidation, a moral stick." Furthermore, he cautioned against exploiting Germany's guilt feelings for "contemporary [read, political and financial] purposes." Walser was immediately attacked by Ignatz Bubis, president of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, as a "geistiger Brandstifter" [intellectual inciter]. Bubis warned of the increasing nationalistic tendencies of the intelligentsia, which masked a latent anti-Semitism, and of growing neo-Nazism in Germany. The controversy was reflected widely in the German press in lengthy articles and letters to the editor, many of which praised Walser's stand. Internationally acclaimed historians and writers have joined the ongoing debate, which is now termed "the major Holocaust controversy." One aspect of this controversy is the polemic over the erection of a Holocaust memorial in Berlin.
Based on "Junge Welt," of 14 October 1998, "Tageszeitung," of 13 October 1998 and "Ha'aretz" (in Hebrew), of 9 December 1998.

December 9 Czech Jewish Community Warns of Increasing Anti-Semitism
   
A series of attacks against Jewish monuments in November has prompted a warning from the Federation of Czech Jewish Communities that anti-Semitism in the republic is on the increase. Three memorial sites, including one to 41 Jewish girls tortured to death during WWII, were destroyed or vandalized on 11 November, the 60th anniversary of Kristallnacht, in the eastern town of Trutnov. The slogan "Juden Raus" was smeared on one of the memorials. In addition, the Federation is concerned about racially motivated attacks by skinheads against Jews and Gypsies. A Jewish conscript in the Czech army was stabbed in early November by a skinhead outside a Prague restaurant after being taunted by those inside. The Federation appealed to the government to crack down on xenophobic and anti-Semitic acts.
Based on Infoseek (Internet), 13 November 1998

November 22 Anti-Semitism in the Russian Duma
   
General Albert Makashov, member of the Communist-led State Duma lower house, repeatedly employed harsh anti-Semitic expressions initiating protests by liberal members of the Duma who demanded a criminal investigation against Makashov on grounds of inciting ethnic hatred. Justice Minister Pavel Krasheninnikov said that his ministry had opened investigations into Makashovs remarks. Makashov's latest outbursts: "to the grave with all Yids!" blaming Jews for the current economic crisis in Russia, are no isolated cases of anti-Semitism among communist legislators who have suggested several times that Jews in the government and in the media are trying to undermine Russian nationalism.

The Duma's failure to censure Makashov has prompted the call to ban the communist party, the largest in the Duma. Its leader, Gennady Zyuganov excused Makashovs remarks saying: "there are quite a lot of people of Jewish nationality among the so-called democratic journalists who...make fools of the people."

Russian Muslim leaders joined critics of the Communist Party for defending Makashovs anti-Semitic remarks.

President Boris Yeltsin called on Russian leaders to put an end to national and political extremism.


Based on: "Washington Post", November 7, 1998; "Haaretz", November 6, 1998; "Freep", November 9, 1998; "Der Spiegel", November 16, 1998; "Yahoo! News", November 9, 13, 1998.

November 11 Virulently Anti-Semitic Article in Romanian Newspaper
   
On 7 September 1998 a virulently anti-Semitic article appeared in the Romanian tabloid "Atac La Persoana," which is known for its anti-Semitism. The following (freely translated) extract from the article, entitled "Swastika," serves to illustrate its general tone and content:

"I was wandering the streets recently and was surprised to see such a large number of Yids that I thought maybe the Palace Casino [under Israeli ownership] had shipped gamblers from Tel Aviv ... When I saw so much soap on the streets, I was filled with satisfaction; its only a pity that theres a shortage of barbed wire and Zyklon B [cyanide] gas, extremely important items that would complete my happiness ...

The editor of "Cornel Nistorescu" immediately published a strong protest to the Romanian government for having failed to act against those responsible for anti-Semitic articles such as that. A few days later, the government spokesman issued a statement condemning the article and reporting that on 10 September Justice Minister Valeriu Stoica had sent a letter to the Prosecutor-General ordering that legal steps be taken against those responsible. He said they were liable to prosecution for committing racist and nationalist offenses under Article 317 of the Penal Code.

It should be noted that the editor of "Atac La Persoana," who has authorized the publication of anti-Semitic articles in the past, sent a letter to the Israeli ambassador in Bucharest, stating that he had been away when the article was published. However, the tone and phrasing of the letter left some doubt as to whether he was actually apologizing.


Based on information from our correspondents.

November 8 Combating Racism and Intolerance
   
Combating Racism and Intolerance [.pdf, Quicktime]
http://www.ecri.coe.fr/

Provided by the Council of Europe, this site offers a number of resources for individuals and organizations fighting racism and promoting tolerance. For instance, because "international law has become such a powerful means of combatting discrimination," the Legal Framework section provides the text of international legal instruments and a report on [European] national legal measures. The Council of Europe section introduces the organization and its key resolutions, recommendations, and speeches. In the Educational Resources section, users will find a list of relevant publications, a cartoon book (also downloadable in .pdf format), video clips, and other material geared toward younger audiences. Additional resources include an overview of "good practices" in policy initiatives by Council of Europe member states and an online Forum (currently under construction). The site is also available in French.


Based on The Scout Report (Internet), November 6, 1998.

November 4 Controversial Croatian Wartime Figure Beatified
   
A controversial figure in Croatian history has been beatified by Pope John Paul II during his 3-day visit to Croatia in early October 1998. Zagreb Archbishop Alojzije Stepinac is viewed by Serbs as a collaborator with the fascist, pro-Nazi Ustashe regime (1941-45) and by Roman Catholic Croatians as a martyr who stood up to Yugoslavia's hard-line communist regime. As a Croatian nationalist, Stepinac welcomed the formation of the "Independent State of Croatia" of the Ustashe, although a puppet regime set up by the occupying Nazis and Italians. According to Catholic sources, Stepinac withdrew his backing for the state in 1942 because of Ustashe leader Ante Pavelic's policy of forced conversions and mass executions. The communists, however, categorically denounced him as a notorious nationalist who helped the Ustashe exterminate Serbs, Jews and Gypsies. They tried him in 1946 for collaboration with the Ustashe and sentenced him to life imprisonment; this was later commuted to house arrest, under which he died in 1960. Historians are divided on the role Stepinac played under the fascist regime. At best, foreign history books describe him as a weak man who failed to prevent Ustashe crimes. The Vatican rejected a request by the Simon Wiesenthal Center to delay the beatification until historians had further studied the case.

Based on: "Los Angeles Times" (Internet), 5 October 1998, Infoseek News (Internet), 20 and 25 September 1998; Religion News Service (Internet), 10 July 1998

October 29 French Academy Honors Author of Anti-Semitic Article
   
The awarding of a medal by the Academie francaise to Muhammad Salmawi, editor-in-chief of "Al-Ahram Hebdo," an Egyptian weekly published in French, has caused an international controversy. The medal is awarded for contributions to the French language in francophone countries. In February 1998 Salmawi wrote an article, entitled "Cherchez les juifs," which appeared in "Al-Ahram Hebdo" and in "Al-Ahram," owner of the French edition. The article linked the Lewinsky affair in the US with the trial of French philosopher Roger Garaudy, author of the Holocaust distorting book "The Founding Myths of Israeli Politics," and "persecution" of the British historian and Holocaust denier David Irving. Elaborating on the ideas of Garaudy and Irving, Salmawi finds the common denominator behind the three affairs was not "the woman Napolean was seeking" (as in "cherchez la femme"), but a less beautiful and more destructive force, the Jews. When the World Media association, which expelled "Al-Ahram" from its network as a result of the article, expressed amazement about granting such a distinction to a journalist "who has failed to uphold his moral obligations," a spokesman for the Academy replied that the award was intended to honor the French weekly, rather than the work of the journalist.
Based on "Liberation," 24/25 October 1998, and "Al-Ahram," 2 February 1998.

October 22 Respected Postwar Academics Were Loyal Workers of the German Reich
   
Some 1000 historians, archivists, sociologists and geographers worked for the Third Reich in the VFG (Volksdeutsche Forchungsgemeinde - German Research Council), preparing maps with numbers of inhabitants and data on the populations in the occupied territories. Some of these people, among them, historians Theodor Schiedler, Werner Conze and Hermann Aubin, had distinguished academic careers after World War II. Hitler was given their maps and data after his annexation of Austria and the Sudetenland, and the Gestapo utilized their statistics on the Jewish population in the Polish regions signed over to Germany in the Hitler-Stalin pact of 1939. Among the proposals of these historians were the expulsion of millions of Jews from Poland, freeing the cities and small market towns of Jews, and tracing all "dangerous elements" in the occupied territories. The journalist Goz Aly called them "the prophets of the extermination," but Conze's student, Jurgen Kocka, a historian at Berlin University, believed the influence of his mentor was "relatively small."
Based on "Der Spiegel," 21 September 1998.

October 14 Holocaust Denial in Egypt
   
On the 20th anniversary of the signing of the Camp David Accords, the Israeli Government Press Office issued a report on recurring anti-Semitic themes in the Egyptian press, among them Holocaust denial. The extent of the Holocaust is being questioned, with Jews being accused of inflating the number of victims. Zionism, claimed Hasan Rajab in the daily 'Al-Akhbar' of 14 July 1998, "has elevated the Holocaust to a sacred level and uses it for blackmail purposes .... Even if the ovens at Buchenwald and Auschwitz were working day and night, it would have taken dozens of years to kill six million people." 'Al-Ahram' published an article on 27 May 1998 by retired Ambassador Muhammad Sayyid al-Sayyid, calling for the establishment of a "museum of crimes of Zionism" (alluding to Washington's Holocaust Museum and other memorials). Another article in "Al-Ahram" of 2 February 1998 doubted the existence of mass graves, because "the size of the ovens would have made it impossible for many Jews to have been killed there." It concluded that no more than 70,000 Jews were killed at Auschwitz.

September 23 Former Lithuanian Security Police Member Stripped of US Citizenship
   
A US federal judge has revoked the citizenship of an alleged member of the Nazi-backed Lithuanian security police during World War II. The judge accepted the claims of the Justice Department that Dr. Adolph Milius, 79, was a member of the Saugumas, an organization similar to the German Gestapo, during the summer and fall of 1941. The Justice Department had claimed that Milius, also known as Adolfas Milinavicius, participated in the arrest of Jews seeking to escape the Vilnius ghetto and in other anti-Jewish measures. As a result of Milius' World War II activities, the judge ruled that his US naturalization was illegally and fraudulently procured. Milius returned to Vilnius in December 1996 after the Justice Department started proceedings against him. This is the fourth case in which the Office of Special Investigation (OSI) has obtained the de-naturalization of former members of the Vilnius Saugumas.
Based on Infoseek News and Foxnews (Internet), 18 August 1998.

September 16 Further on Holocaust Denial in Hungary
   
Our communication of 29 July 1998 spoke of the distribution of a video-tape in Hungarian, on which an interview with the director of the Auschwitz site is used to allege that the Holocaust never happened. In a further development, Gabor Bencsik, a Hungarian journalist, resigned from the Journalists Association on 18 August after Hungary's second television channel revealed his involvement in selling Holocaust denial cassettes which, by their description, appear to be the video-tape mentioned above. The head of Hungary's Jewish community called for making Holocaust denial a criminal offense in the country.
Based on information from our correspondents in Budapest.

September 9 Racist and Anti-Semitic Statements in Bulgaria
   
Racist and anti-Semitic expressions were heard during the funeral of the Bulgarian communist leader Todor Zhivkov in early August. Rumen Vodenicharov, head of the local Helsinki Watch (which is not recognized by the international federation), asked: "Are there no more talented Bulgarians that we have left all our possessions in the hands of Romany and Jews, and for the second time running we allowed a Bulgarian president to be elected with the support of an unconstitutional ethnic-religious party [the Turkish Minority Party]?" Vodenicharov was condemned across the political spectrum. Articles appeared in the press calling him "a Bulgarian Zhirinovsky," and President Stoianov labeled his statements "blatant fascism."
Based on information from our correspondents in Sofia.

September 2 Religious Jew attacked in Berlin
   
A young religious Jew was attacked twice in the main street of West Berlin in mid-August. In the first attack, the man, who was wearing traditional garb, was returning home from synagogue along the Kurfuerstendamm when he was hit from behind. The attacker escaped, leaving him with a torn coat. The second attack occurred on the same street when the young Jew was riding in a bicycle-rickshaw: a young man spat on him and called him "dirty Jew," while the occupants of a nearby cafe looked on and laughed. Although he later identified his attacker to a policeman, the victim decided not to file a complaint. The head of Kreuzberg borough heard his story and reported it to the press.
Based on "Tagesspiegel," of 19 August 1998 and the Institute's correspondents.

August 24 Swiss Holocaust Denier Sentenced; Rise in Holocaust Denial and Anti-Semitism in Switzerland
   
One of the world's leading Holocaust deniers, the former Swiss school teacher Juergen Graf, was sentenced in July to 15 months in prison and fined $5,500 for violating Switzerland's anti-racism law. Graf's revisionist tracts, including the book "Holocaust on the Witness Stand," have been widely translated and distributed and may be found on his own website, as well as on the Holocaust denial sites of Radio Islam, Ernst Zundel, and the Belgium-based Vrij Historisch Onderzoek, among others. His lawyers argued that he, and his publisher, the former Nazi officer Gerhard Foerster, who was also sentenced, were only exercising their right to free speech and that the books under discussion had been written before the 1995 anti-racism law had taken effect. Strong far right-wing support for Graf and his views was evidenced in the large number of activists, both intellectuals and skinheads, who were present at his trial.

It should be noted that Holocaust deniers and anti-Semites have become more active in Switzerland in the wake of the controversy over dormant Holocaust accounts and the country's wartime gold dealings, finding new arguments in these affairs to feed their theories. The Geneva-based Committee against Anti-Semitism notes that the amount of hate mail and verbal threats against Switzerland's Jewish community of 18,000 has been growing, and that extremist anti-Semitic views were filtering into the country's mainstream politics.


Based on Associated Press, 21 July 1998, Voice of America, 12 August 1998, and information from our correspondents.

August 19 Norwegian Authorities Clamp Down on Nazi Hate Music
   
A Norwegian Nazi, Michael Knutsen, was fined the equivalent of 2,000 pounds sterling in June for inciting racial hatred through Nazi music. Inquiries into Knutsen's activities began after it was revealed that he had been promoting the same hate material that had led to the conviction in Sweden of the Scandinavian Nazi leader Erik Blucher. The conviction came just a few weeks after Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik had expressed his government's concern about the spread of Nazi hate music. Shortly afterwards, on May 16, 44 neo-Nazis, including nine Swedes, were detained after police broke up a Nazi music gig near Oslo. About 300 anti-fascists had been headed for the concert hall to stage a demonstration.
Based on "International Herald Tribune," 18 May 1998, and "Searchlight," July 1998.

August 13 Anti-Semitism in Thailand
   
In March 1998, the popular Thai daily Thai Rath (circulation about. 300,000) published a series of anti-Semitic articles in the traditon of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion.. The author, Nitipoom Navarat, although not a member of the editorial staff, but writing for them as an expert on international issues, has been disseminating his thesis for years that the Jews, as they plot to dominate international politics and commerce, are behind every measure taken by the US government (the American Jewish Policy). According to Nitipoom Navarat, the Asian economy, including that of Thailand, is at the mercy of what he decribes as a network of Harward Jews who endanger the Asian currency. The writer wonders if the American Jewish policy adopted by the IMF (International Monetary Fund) will cause Thailand the loss of all its banks. Analysing the policy of the IMF, Navarat emphasized the involvement of "the Jew Soros", first in the collapse of the British currency and subsequently in the collaspe of the Asian currency.
Based on the Institute's correspondent from Thailand.

August 5 Synagogue Hit in Montevideo, Uruguay
   
In the heavily Jewish area of Pocitos, Montevideo, Uruguay, the door of the Achdut Israel synagogue was broken down and incendiary material was thrown into the building. No one was hurt. The ark and furniture were burned. Leaflets were left at the site, signed by the National Socialist Movement - Josef Goebels. They contained anti-Semitic expressions, including: death to the Jews! The police of Montevideo are investigating four neo-Nazi groups. Jewish leaders made public statements condemning the event.
Based on: The Antisemitism Monitoring Forum, July 1998, Israel; OJI, July 1998, World Jewish Congress, Argentine.

July 29 Holocaust Denial Video Appears in Hungarian
   
A video-taped interview of the American Holocaust denier David Cole with the director of the Auschwitz site, Dr. Franciszek Piper, in 1992, is being distributed in Hungarian. Cole used the interview to allege that the death camp was actually a recreation camp for Jews under Third Reich protection. The original video was produced by the Institute for Historical Review and distributed by D&B Productions in California, which also prepared the Hungarian version. "Turul Video," the cassette label, claims to present "the most amazing documentary film of all time," and "the whole legend, or 'the gas chambers' - facts and lies."

July 26 SS War Veterans Rally in Estonia
   
Some 1,500 Estonian war veterans, mostly SS men but also survivors of the 1918-20 war of independence from tsarist Russia, gathered for their annual reunion in Tallinn on 11 July. However, unlike the reunion of Latvian SS Legion members in March, no government officials or army officers participated, and the rally took place without incident and without international protests. While critics said it was inappropriate to celebrate the activities of men who fought on the side of a nation which murdered millions of Jews, the organizers of the event emphasized that the participants had fought, unsuccessfully, in order to prevent the Soviets from taking over their country, and not for the Nazis. Both the Latvian and Estonian SS legions were declared non-criminal by the international war trials court in Nuremberg after World War II, since many of the men were illegally conscripted by the Nazis.
Based on Infoseek News Channel (Reuters - Internet), 10 July 1998 and "Haaretz," 12 July 1998.

July 20 Neo-Nazi Arms Caches Uncovered
   
German officials investigating the discovery of large weapons caches fear that the splintered extreme right-wing movement is transforming itself into a terrorist group along the lines of the Red Army Faction of the 1970s. Raids in Basdorf, Frankfurt, Lehnin, Potsdam, Magdeburg, Mainz, Worms and in woods around Berlin since the beginning of the year have yielded automatic and semi-automatic weapons, shells, mortars, machine guns and grenades, as well as Nazi insignia and Hitler Youth uniforms. Investigators also suspect that the weapons may be further evidence of links between German neo-Nazis and other extremist groups in Eastern Europe and the United States. Attacks by neo-Nazis have risen almost 30 percent in the past year. A mobile task force, the MEGA (Mobile Einssatztruppen gegenGewalt und Auslanderfeindlichkeit), has been set up in Brandenburg to combat increasing manifestations of violence and xenophobia.
Based on "Electronic Telegraph" (Internet) of 14 June 1998), "TAZ" of 16 July 1998, Jewish Telegraph Agency (JTA) (Internet) of 19 March 1998, and others.

July 15 Second US Report on Nazi Loot Released
   
US Undersecretary of State Stuart Eizenstat released the second American report on Nazi loot, on 2 June. The report indicated that neutral nations supplied the Nazis with hundreds of millions of dollars worth of critical materials, even when these nations were not threatened by Germany. The report named Switzerland as the banker and Portugal, Spain, Turkey and Sweden as providing the materials. Spain replied that its conduct had been proper, while other nations claimed they had nothing to hide. Eizenstat denied that the report was an accusation, saying it was simply a historical review.
Based on "The Jerusalem Post," 3 and 4 June 1998 and Reuters - "The News Channel" (Internet), 2 June 1998.

July 8 Racism Rampant in France
   
"France is still suffering from frequent and sporadic outbursts of racist activity, including some anti-Semitic incidents," says the latest report of the Council of Europe's European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI). The report is part of a review of the situation in all 40 member-states of the Council. It notes that the large Muslim community in France in particular is a target of intolerant and discriminatory attitudes. The report describes the National Front as one of the most powerful extreme right parties in Europe, and one with "an openly racist and xenophobic ideology." The Commission accuses the French authorities of not doing enough to combat racism in the country.
Based on "BBC News" (Internet), 17 June 1998

June 25 Anti-Semitic Book Reissued in Latvia
   
The Latvian publishing house Tevija (Homeland) has issued a reprint of a book entitled "Baigais gads" (A Terrible Year), which was originally published in 1942, after the Soviet army had withdrawn from Latvia in the wake of the German occupation of that country. The book documents the period 17 June 1940 to 1 July 1941, showing in texts and photos the Communists' brutal treatment of the native population. The captions imply that the Communists were mostly "yids" (derogatory word for Jew), and that those that welcomed the Communists to Latvia were mainly the "yids." In the preface to the new edition, which is undated, the priest Karlis Zuika writes that the reissue of the book is not only welcome but essential. He claims that it is historic testimony and that there is no reason to see it as anti-Semitic.

June 17 More Anti-Semitic Articles in "Magyartudat"
   
Issue no. 6 (1977) of the extremely anti-Semitic and anti-Israel Hungarian periodical "Magyartudat," claims that Ferenc Szalasi, leader of the wartime, fascist Arrow Cross, whose legacy the journal aspires to continue, was not a war criminal, and blames his conviction and execution on the Jews. On 25 October 1997 a demonstration was held in memory of Szalasi and his companions-in-arms in front of the former Arrow Cross headquarters, in Andrassy Boulevard. A second article, on the Jewish invasion of Hungary, calls for fighting the terror spread by this minority. A third article denies the Holocaust, claiming that Jews, like German soldiers, died from natural causes.

June 11 "Comrades of the Bundeswehr"
   
Since 1997 the radical racist and neo-Nazi movement Nationaler Widerstand (National Resistance) has been reproducing a pamphlet entitled "Comrades of the Bundeswehr," which is signed by the "Federal Coordinating Committee `Rechts Um (Right Face)," supported by a "federal initiating group of skinheads eligible for military service," a "patriotic group at the Bundeswehr University, Hamburg," and a "study group of nationalist reservists of the Bundeswehr." The pamphlet, which calls for a "free, proud, strong German army," was distributed among soldiers and in the environs of their barracks.

Answering (in writing) a parliamentary question by the PDS (Democratic Socialist Party), the German government confirmed, on March 9, 1998, the fact that the pamphlet had been "distributed outside Bundeswehr property during the last months." As to actions that could be taken to curtail the propaganda campaign of the Nationaler Wilderstand, the government stated that, in general, it was difficult to control material disseminated through the Internet because it was an international problem. However, joint international action against racist propaganda on the Internet was unlikely in the near future due to differences in legislation.


Based on the pamphlet "Comrades of the Bundeswehr" and on the federal government's response (no. 13/10080 of March 9, 1990) to the PDS parliamentary question (13/9899).

June 4 Extremist Website Shut Down
   
A website used by Muslim extremists to transmit anti-Israel and anti-Semitic propaganda to Jewish organizations in Britain has been shut down by the Web Factory, the provider of its Internet service. Al Muhajiroun, a British offshoot of Hizb ut-Tahrir, had been using the website to transmit messages to e-mail addresses of Jewish organizations in Britain, which it apparently took from the Ort Jewish charity organization website. The transmissions referred to Israel as a "cancer" and the Holocaust as a "fabrication." A Web Factory spokesman said the company had acted because the site disseminated "inflammatory" material, breaching "Internet etiquette." Al Muhajiroun claimed that "Jewish influence and the crusader views in the British media" were "temporarily silencing Muslim groups, radical or moderate."
Based on "The Jewish Chronicle," 8 May 1998.

May 21 Croatia Requests Extradition of former Camp Commander
   
Croatia, and also Yugoslavia, have asked for the extradition of the former Jasenovac camp commandant Dinko Sakic, who was uncovered by a journalist in Argentina, where he had been living undisturbed from 1945. President Menem has ordered his arrest, and the Argentinean government is investigating his immigration status. Sakic, an officer of the fascist Ustasha regime in Croatia, was in charge of the camp from 1942 until the end of 1994 and was responsible for the murder of more than 20,000 Jewish prisoners. During a visit to Austria in 1990, Sakic said he would do what he did again for the sake of Christianity and Croatia. The Croatian public prosecutor has ordered an investigation of Sakic. The Sakic case has aroused a public discussion about Croatia's past. The opposition parties demand that President Tudjman comply with his promise to the Jewish communities to investigate the crimes of the wartime Ustasha regime. Historians estimate that 60,000 Jews, Serbs, Roma, Muslims and opposition leaders died in the Jasenovac camp.
Based on `Judische Rundschau Maccabi`, 23 April 1998 and Jewish Telegraph Agency, 7 April 1998

May 11 The German People's Union
   
The electoral success, at the end of April 1998, of the extreme right-wing party the German Peoples' Union (DVU), which gained 13% of the vote and 16 seats in the parliament of Saxony-Anhalt in eastern Germany, raised grave concern in Germany and throughout the world. News agency reports repeatedly remarked that this little known movement had achieved an electoral success unprecedented in the ranks of the postwar German extreme right. However, a close examination of the activities of the German far right reveals that the DVU can hardly be considered little known. In fact, for about three decades it has been a mainstay of rightist-nationalists in Germany, with manifold connections and much influence among all the ultra- right movements of Europe.

Dr. Gerhard Frey, the party leader, is one of the veteran activists of the German extreme right. In the 1960s he established the paper "Deutsche National Zeitung," which soon became the most widely distributed nationalist paper in Germany. From its first issue the paper advocated an extension of German boundaries, always stressing the injustice of the Allies. It attacked what the rightists term the "war guilt lie" and "world Jewry", with reparations becoming "extortion" and "submission to world Jewry." At this time Frey set up a financial empire which included a variety of businesses and real estate holdings throughout Germany to finance his political activities, and which has become the main economic base of the DVU today.

At present the main press organs of the party, as well as Frey's books, disseminate a racist-nationalist propaganda which includes anti-Semitism and Holocaust denial. Each new subscriber to one of Frey's papers, the weekly "Deutsche National Zeitung" or the "Vochzeitung," is entitled to choose as a gift one of these books: "Concentration Camp Lies - An Answer to Goldhagen" or "Who's Who among the Jews." These weeklies, published in issues of nearly two hundred thousand copies, have a regular readership in Germany and Europe, as well as in South America and in some Arab countries.

Many suits have been brought against Frey's press in the course of the years, on the grounds of incitement to racial hatred and anti-Semitism, but none have come to anything. Frey has excellent legal counsel and is very cautious about excluding incriminating phrases. His racist and anti-Semitic views are veiled, but in terms which are very clear to his readers.

DVU campaign material in Saxony-Anhalt in 1997-98 attacked unemployment, focused on feelings of insecurity and of hostility toward the establishment and toward foreigners, exploiting the background of increasing racial hatred and intensified activity among extreme rightists in the eastern part of Germany. Frey invested about three million marks in campaign propaganda, more than the sum spent by the Social Democrats and the Christian Democrats together. About 177,000 voters, including many who were voting for the first time, supported the nationalist, xenophobic message sent by the DVU.

From the beginning of the 1990s on, the far right had a number of electoral successes in local elections both in east and west Germany. However, intense rivalry between the various groups in this movement, conflicts of personality and the fact that the representatives of various groups were rather incompetent in their parliamentary work, stymied their attempts to achieve a position of political influence.

This recent election in Saxony-Anhalt is proof that there is a potential in Germany for the ultra-right to gain electoral power through their identification with the Nazis. Support for these rightists could grow under conditions of unemployment and feelings of alienation from the democratic political system common among east German youth. The anxieties voiced by the German historian Karl Dietrich Bracher in the sixties are still pertinent. He feared a translation of the potential neo-Nazism which existed in the German underground into a political activism which could be triggered by social and economic crises or international difficulties.


Sarah Rembiszewski and Roni Stauber, May 1998

Apr 26 Riga Synagogue Bombed
   
An explosion at the Riga synagogue on the night of 2 April 1998 seriously damaged the building, blowing out the front door and all the windows on the first two floors. This was the second blast at the synagogue; the first was in May 1995. Jewish community leaders claimed the attack was directed against democratic Latvia, while the Simon Wiesenthal Center assumed it was connected to the reunion in March of former SS legionnaires. Latvian officials, including President Guntis Ulmanis, condemned the attack, and the police chief and an interior ministry official were dismissed. An extraordinary parliamentary session on 7 April discussed, in particular, the participation of the commander-in-chief of the armed forces in the March demonstration. The defense minister fired the commander. The American FBI will assist the Latvian police investigate the synagogue attack.
Based on information from our correspondents, April 1998

Mar 23 Profile of Russian National Unity Party
   
Russian National Unity (RNE) is a nationalist, paramilitary, overtly anti-Semitic party, formed in 1990. Its founders originally belonged to the Slavophile Pamyat movement. Proclaiming the slogan "Russian for the Russians," and the principles of subordination, resolution and belief in the Orthodox Church, the RNE demands the deportation of Jews to Israel and the people of the Caucasus to Turkish countries. Under the leadership of Aleksandr Barkashov, the party has been growing by an estimated 70-80 new members daily, especially in Western Ukraine and Belarus. "Moskovskie Novosti" reported that the number of its supporters has doubled in the past year, to almost 200,000. The party's quarterly, "Russian Order," has a circulation of about 500,000. Some 40 court cases are pending against the party, but convictions are unlikely.
Based on "Tagesspiegel," 5 January 1998.

Mar 4 'Magyartudat' - A Forum for Hungarian and European Fascists
   
'Magyarturdat' (Hungarian Consciousness) is an extremely anti-Semitic and anti-Israel monthly journal, which is sold openly in Hungary's cities. Its views resemble those of the wartime Iron Cross, which it venerates and which it describes as the only force which stood against the Soviet invasion at the end of 1944. Apart from contributions from Hungarian fascists, the journal considers itself an "international nationalist forum" for the exchange of views and information, especially for members of the European extreme right-wing scene. Issue no. 5 (1997) includes an article by the well-known Hungarian fascist Albert Szabo, leader of the Hungarian Welfare Association, and one by John Peacock of the British National Party, as well as by contributors from Denmark and Germany. In one article, the author claims that the actions of the SS pale in comparison with those of the Israeli army. It continues: "If the Jews do not dissociate themselves from these actions, they will be considered part of the world conspiracy which endangers our lives!"

Feb 24 International Neo-Nazi Network Uncovered
   
French and British police have busted a violent, international neo-Nazi network. Nine members of the organization, Charlemagne Hammerskins, have been charged with making death threats, inciting racial hatred and denying crimes against humanity. The suspected leader, Herve Guttuso, was arrested in England and is expected to be extradited to France where the others are awaiting trial. The group allegedly ran an Internet site on which it issued death threats to prominent French Jews.

The Charlemagne Hammerskins appears to be one of the largest and best organized neo-Nazi groups yet uncovered. It has a coordinated international structure and logistical centers for disseminating violent racist propaganda. Members are fervent admirers of Hitler and the Third Reich, even believing that the world began when Hitler was born.


Based on "Times" (London), 19 February 1998, "Globe and Mail" (Toronto), 20 February 1998, and others.

Feb 19 Racist Leaflet Distributed by Latvian Organization
   
The Latvian extreme right-wing organization Perkonkrusts (Thundercross) has declared war on all non-Latvian elements in the state. In a leaflet emblazoned with a swastika (allegedly the symbol of Latvia's national history) and filled with nationalistic and anti-Semitic slogans, the organization proclaims the aims of its struggle: "to create a pure, undiluted race with nationalist consciousness, which must replace the cowardly democracy." The leaflet ends with the slogan: "The nation over all!" and "Down with the Jewish Communist party's deceptive liberty, independence and democracy!"

Feb 5 Italian Journal Openly Espouses Nazism
   
In its April 1997 issue, the Italian neo-fascist monthly "Avanguardia" published a series of articles which reflected its preoccupation with the alleged struggle between `mondialismo' [the attempt by certain political and economic forces to dominate the world, among them Jewish finance and Zionism] and international capitalism. Its conclusion was that Judaism was responsible for this conflict. To corroborate its case, the journal quotes some passages from Hitler on the cover and inside. The cover also features a photo of Hitler reviewing the troops of the Third Reich. The titles of the articles reflect the journal's neo-Nazi ideology: For a social state against `mondialismo'; Berlin 1945: In the name of the Race; The social politics of the Third Reich; `Mondialismo and secret societies; A survey of anti-mondialismo, and others.
Based on "Avanguardia," Vol XV, No. 4, April 1997.

Jan 26 Demonstrators Protest Wehrmacht Exhibition
   
After having successfully toured Hamburg, Berlin, Munich and Frankfurt (despite the sometimes violent protests of radical right wingers), the exhibition "War of Annihilation: Crimes of the Wehrmacht," which highlights the crimes of the Wehrmacht during WWII, opened in Dresden on January 20. More than 1000 supporters of the extreme right National Democtratic Party (NPD) (who were granted the right to demonstrate) rallied on January 24 against the exhibition under the slogan "Our fathers were no criminals and we are proud of them." Banners at the rally also included slogans such as "Jobs for Germans First." Outbreaks of violence were reported when members of the extreme right threw stones at a train carrying leftist demonstrators. The police made 19 arrests. The NPD exploited the event to commence its 1998 election campaign.
Based on Reuters, 24 January 1998, "Haaretz," 25 January 1998 and "Berliner Zeitung," 20 and 22 January 1998.

Jan 22 New Neo-Nazi Organization Launched in Denmark
   
On December 4, 1997 a group of Danish neo-Nazis announced the launching of a new nationalist socialist organization, National Aktion. Its aims are to keep Denmark "white and free," to stop immigration from the Third World, to fight against "the traitors within our movement," and "to further the volunteerable repatriation of all non-whites." The group dissociates itself from Jonni Hansens Danish National Socialist Movement (DNSB), professing to be a "Third Position political movement," and not "an orthodox National Socialist right-wing organization." It plans to set up an Internet site "outside the reach of ZOG [Zionist Occupied Government]" and claims a membership of 70.
Based on National Aktion's own announcement via Stormfront-L mailing list, 4 December 1997.

Jan 14 Holland Will Not Pass Holocaust Denial Law
   
The Dutch government will not be adopting a law in the near future making Holocaust denial a criminal offense. According to the left-wing liberal Justice Minister Winnie Sorgrdrager, the law would not be an effective means to fight against "false and tasteless opinions." At the same time, the justice minister expressed her concern about the revival of fascist ideology in Europe.
Based on "Frankfurter Rundschau," 9 December 1997

Jan 8 Anti-Semitic Ritual Murder Charge Revived in Austria
   
The Anderl von Rinn cult has been maintained in Austria since the 17th century when Jews were accused of the ritual murder of an Austrian boy, Anderl from Rinn. Although the pilgrimage to Anderl's birthplace was officially banned in 1985, and both the Bishop of Innsbruck, Reinhold Stecher, and the Vatican issued a decree declaring that there had never been a ritual murder, the tradition continues. On 5 December 1997 Prof. Robert Pranter published an article in the weekly "Zur Zeit" (whose editor Andreas Molzer acts as FPO leader Jorge Haider's main adviser), which revives the ritual murder accusation, and indirectly, Jewish guilt for the death of Jesus. Pranter, a lecturer at the Heiligenkreuz Theological Academy, has been accused by the media of invoking the two main motifs of Christian anti-Semitism, ritual murder and deicide.
Based on "Zur Zeit," 5-11 December 1997, "Der Standard," 20 December 1997, and press releases of Dokumentationsarchiv des osterreichischen Widerstandes, Vienna, 18 December 1997.

Jan 4 Dismissed Policemen Suspects in Argentinian Cemetery Vandalism
   
Policemen dismissed from the Buenos Aires district force are the main suspects in two acts of vandalism against Jewish cemeteries in the city over the Christmas-New Year holiday period. About 30 gravestones in the La Tablada cemetery were smashed on Christmas Eve and 20 were smashed and overturned in the Ciudadela cemetery on New Years Eve. The Buenos Aires police force is in the process of being purged following revelations that members were involved in corruption and drug trafficking, as well in planting a bomb against a Jewish target and murdering a media figure. Argentinian officials believe the vandalism was carried out as an act of provocation in order to terminate the purging of police ranks.
Based on "Haaretz," 4 January 1998.


1997


Dec 28 Allegations of a Jewish Conspiracy behind Tsar's Death
   
Did Tsar Nicholas II and his family perish in a ritual murder perpetrated by a Jewish conspiracy? This question was one out of a list of ten submitted in 1995 to a Russian government commission by the Holy Synod, the governing body of the Russian Orthodox Church. The commission, which is charged with investigating the death of the tsar and identifying his remains, had been in a state of limbo since 1995 but was revived in November by its new chairman, Russia's first deputy prime minister, Boris Nemtsov. Church officials said they had raised the question about a possible Jewish conspiracy in the hope that the commission would help put to rest a myth still believed by a certain portion of believers. But the fact that the church had raised the question at all could be seen as testimony to the persistence of anti-Semitic beliefs among some members of the Church's nationalist wing. The imperial family were shot by a Bolshevik firing squad in summer 1918 in Yekaterinburg. The fact that many of the early Bolsheviks were of Jewish origin has long been fertile soil for anti-Semitic speculations among nationalists and far right monarchists.
Based on "Jewish Telegraph Agency," 2 December 1997, "Newsweek," 17 December 1997 and "Ha'aretz," 24 December 1997.

Dec 22 Right-Wing Hungarian Newspaper Sues
   
The right-wing Hungarian daily "Hunnia" is suing the state, B'nai B'rith Hungary and Gado Gyorgy, a former delegate to the Hungarian legislature, for the sum of 19 million forint (about $95,000). In 1991, the chief editor of "Hunnia," Ferenc Kunszabo, published an article which the present defendants claimed was incitement to racism. "Hunnia" and Ferenc were cleared by a court of law of this charge. Now they are claiming compensation for the moral and material damage caused them. In February 1998, the well-known architect Imre Makovecz will testify on Kunszabo's behalf that his firm refrained from advertising in Hunnia in the 1990s due to the lawsuit.
Based on the Hungarian newspapers "New Yorki Figyelo," 31 August 1997, "Belfold," 25 October 1997, "Nepszabadsag," 30 October 1997, and communications from our correspondents.

Dec 17 German Neo-Nazi Revealed to Have Lectured at Prestigious Army Academy
   
The German defense ministry has confirmed that in 1995 the lawyer and neo-Nazi Manfred Roeder was invited to lecture during an officers' training course at the prestigious Bundeswehr (army) commanders' academy in Hamburg. The subject of his lecture was "The migration of Russian Germans to the region of Koenigsberg." In 1982 Roeder, now 68, was sentenced to 13 years imprisonment after being found guilty of leading a terrorist attack on an immigrants' hostel in which two Vietnamese were killed and several others injured. He continued to write letters to his followers from prison in which he denounced Jews, gypsies and foreign minorities and those who supported them, and exhorted racial purity. He was released in 1990. Roeder's name appeared in the latest report of the Office for the Defense of the Constitution in the chapter devoted to the extreme right. The defense ministry is investigating.
Based on "Frankfurter Rundschau," 8 December 1997, "Berliner Zeitung," 8 December 1997, "Ha'aretz," 8 December 1997, and others.

Dec 14 Romanian Prosecutor Reverses Decision on Pardons
   
The move to rehabilitate eight men who served under the pro-Nazi Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu has been canceled. Following sharp criticism in the Romanian media, Prosecutor Sorin Moisescu said he had changed his judgment because he concluded that the officials had borne "collective responsibility." Previously, he argued that the officials had served only for short periods in the wartime government and that power was concentrated in Antonescu's hands. The Romanian media had warned that the pardons would harm Romania's image abroad. In addition, two US congressmen cautioned that they could jeopardize Romania's entry into organizations like NATO. One pardon does remain in place: that of a man who resigned his official duties before Romania joined with Nazi Germany in 1941.
Based on "Jewish Chronicle," 28 November 1997.

Dec 10 Polish Catholic Priest Suspended for Anti-Semitic Statements
   
A Polish Catholic priest has been suspended for his anti-Semitic utterances. Protesting against the expected appointment of Bronislaw Geremek to the post of foreign minister, the former Solidarity priest Henryk Jankowski said on October 26 that there was no place for the Jewish minority in the Polish government. This was not his first anti-Semitic statement: in June 1995 the Polish church apologized after Jankowski called on Poles to oppose governments comprising people who had not declared if they were "of Russian or Jewish origin." He also said that a Magen David hid behind the hammer and sickle, and condemned the Polish prime minister's apology, on the 50th anniversary of the Kielce massacre of Jews (1946), as an insult to the Polish nation. Three criminal charges against Jankowski were dismissed. Now the Archbishop of Gdansk, Tadeusz Goclowski, has banned Jankowski from preaching from the pulpit for a year and any press interviews he gives will be vetted.
Based on "HaAretz," 29 October 1997, "Frankfurter Rundeschau," 4 November 1997, "Gazeta Wyborcza," 15-16 November 1997, and others.

Dec 7 Neo-Nazis Demonstrate in Sweden
   
During the weekend of the anniversary of Kristalnacht (9 November), several demonstrations were staged in Swedish cities by local neo-Nazi groups. In Stockholm, a group of about one hundred persons marched through the center of the city carrying anti-Semitic placards and shouting strident anti-Jewish slogans. This was the first purely anti-Semitic street demonstration held in Sweden since the war. Throughout the events, the organizers and participants were protected by mobilized forces of the Swedish police. The only people detained were a number of anti-fascists demonstrating against the neo-Nazis. The Stockholm chief of police did not think it necessary to investigate police behavior during the demonstrations.
Based on information received from the Project's correspondents.

Nov 27 Russian Priest Cites Anti-Semitic Blood Libel
   
During the trial in Orel, Russia, of Igor Semyonov, the head of the local chapter of the anti-Semitic Russian National Unity party, Vladimir Gusev, a Russian Orthodox priest, testifying on behalf of Semyonov, lashed out at Jews and Judaism. He repeated the infamous blood libel charge that Chassidic Jews "kill children, gather blood" and use it make matzah. Semyonov was arrested on suspicion of murder. He was also charged with inciting racial and ethnic hatred. After his arrest, police found a list of hundreds of Jews with their addresses at his home in Orel. According to the human rights activist Emanuel Mendelevich, all the priest's anti-Semitic remarks were allowed by the judge without objection.
Based on Jewish Telegraph Agency, 19 November 1997.

Nov 24 Rehabillitation of Romanian Wartime Fascists Begins
   
Romanian Prosecutor-General Sorin Moisescu on 22 October launched the procedure for the judicial rehabilitation of six members of Romania's wartime fascist government headed by Marshal Ion Antonescu. The six had been sentenced in 1949 to prison sentences of between two and ten years and their property confiscated for crimes against peace. The rehabilitation of Antonescu himself, as well as those executed with him in 1946 or those whose death sentence were commuted to life imprisonment, has been under consideration for several years. The move to rehabilitate the officials has aroused protest in the US. In a letter to President Emil Constantinescu, Senator Alfonso D'Amato and Congressman Christopher Smith claimed that all six officials were cabinet members in a government that was responsible for the persecution of the entire Romanian Jewish community and the deportation and murder of at least 250,000 Romanian and Ukrainian Jews. They warned that failure to take action would trigger a reassessment of support for Romania's bid to join Western organizations and raise doubts over its commitment to democracy.
ISRAFAX, Vol. IX, No. 204, 13 November 1997
Based on RFE/RL Newsline, 23 October and 17 November 1997, and Reuters 19 November 1997.

Nov 19 Anti-Semitic letters used to produce play
   
The wave of anti-Semitism in Switzerland aroused by the controversial issue of Jewish funds provoked the Jewish community's cultural committee, in cooperation with the Theatre Saint-Gervais, into producing a play based on anti-Semitic letters published in the press. With the help of the Geneva Jewish community, two actor-producers collected more than 1,000 violently anti-Semitic letters. One of the letters accuses the Jews of all the evils of the world - from the atomic bomb to pornography and racism. The performance aroused strong reactions, which continue to occupy the press in Europe and the US. On the day following the performance, anti-Semitic readers' letters had almost disappeared from the press. On December 8 the performance at the Theatre Saint-Gervais will be followed by a discussion organized by the journalist Georges Kleinmann.
Based on "La Vie," 31 October 1997.

Nov 13 Vatican Symposium on Catholic-Jewish Relations
   
A Vatican symposium, "Roots of Anti-Judaism in Christian Circles," focusing on religious attitudes toward the Jews in Christian teaching in the past 2,000 years and how this affected history, opened on 30 October 1997.

Some 60 leading Catholic theologians and representatives from Protestant and Orthodox Christianity attended the three-day closed meeting. "The problem which concerns us belongs to Christian theology," said Father Georges Cottier, a close associate of Pope John Paul II, in apparent response to some suggestions that Jews should have been invited. In his address, Pope John Paul II issued a strong condemnation of anti-Semitism and acknowledged that many Christians had failed to live up to their faith when the Nazis tried to exterminate the Jews in the Holocaust. In regard to his predessor Pius XII, who is accused of turning a blind eye to the Holocaust, the Pope noted that Pius had written a 1939 encyclical speaking of human solidarity and charity toward all men. However, Jews wanted a more concrete gesture from the symposium. In an open letter to the Pope, Shimon Samuels, of the Simon Wiesenthal Center, warned that Catholic-Jewish relations "will continue to be exacerbated" if the archives of the pontificate of Pius are not fully accessible.


Based on Yahoo News (Reuters), 30 October 1997, Associated Press, 31 October 1997 and Excite News (Reuters), 31 October 1997.

Nov 9 Arab Calls for Increased Knowledge of the Holocaust
   
Two books dealing with the Holocaust have been published lately in the Arab world: one by the Lebanese liberal and op editor of al-Hayat, Hazim Sariya, "Defending Islam" (Beirut, 1997), and the other by the Egyptian university professor and expert on Jewish studies, `Abd al-Wahhab al-Masiri, "Zionism, Nazism and the End of History" (Cairo, 1997). Both authors criticize the traditional Arab attitutude to the Holocaust and call for increased original research and knowledge of the Holocaust. Sariya urges the Arabs to show more sensitivity and understanding toward the Jewish tragedy and its psychological impact on Israeli society in order to gain more sympathy for the Palestinian tragedy. Mutual sensitivity, he asserted, will help overcome the barriers on the road to peace. Al-Masiri, on the other hand, while not questioning the issue of the Nazi extermination of the Jews and their suffering, arrives at a different conclusion. Nazism is not a deviation from Western civilization and values but rather its natural offshoot, as is Zionism, He embarks on what he considers a broad cultural, sociological and ideological examination to show the symbiosis between Zionism and Nazism.

Nov 6 Young German Soldiers Behave Like Nazi Storm-Troopers
   
In late October German national television news screened video footage of young German soldiers behaving like Nazi storm-troopers. The video, recorded in 1994 by soldiers stationed in the town of Schneeberg, showed recruits giving the Hitler salute, making anti-Semitic remarks and simulating acts of violence. It was the second time in recent months that national television had screened shocking images of neo-Nazi activity in the Bundeswehr (German army). One of the men involved in the latest episode claims there are strong neo-Nazi sympathies in sections of the army, which are tolerated and even promoted by the officers. Defence Minister Volker Ruehe rejected charges that the video showed the Bundeswehr was being subverted by extreme rightists. The SOKOREX (Special Commission-Right-Wing Extremism) is investigating.

An increase of 140 percent in extreme right incidents (mostly propaganda) was reported in the Bundeswehr this year until September 1997 compared with the same period in 1996.


Based on Inforseek News Channel, October 30, 1997, Sydney Morning Herald, November 1, 1997, TAZ, October 29, 1997 and Deutsche Presse-Agentur (DPA), November 2, 1997.

Nov 3 Malaysian Prime Minister Accuses Jews
   
Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad allegedly accused Jews of trying to undermine the economy of his country and hinted that Jews might not want to see Muslims progress."We may suspect that they, the Jews, have an agenda, but we do not want to accuse," he was quoted by the national news agency Bernama as saying on October 10. Mahathir has repeatedly attacked American Jewish financier George Soros, as well as foreign currency speculators, of being behind the economic crisis, which has caused the plunge of Malaysia's currency and stock market by 35 percent since mid-July. On October 11 he claimed he was misquoted. More than 60 percent of Malaysia's 21 million people are Muslim.
Based on "The Washington Post," October 11, 1997, and Associated Press (FOX News), October 25, 1997.
 

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